SABRE雷达及其观测的Pc5地磁脉动Ⅰ.统计分析结果

本文简要介绍了相干散射雷达SABRE及其观测Pc5地磁脉动的工作原理。1985—1989年观测数据的统计分析结果表明,相位向极传播脉动事件的出现率峰值在当地时间午夜附近,而向赤道传播事件的出现率峰值则在18:00LT左右。文中给出了上述两类脉动事件出现率的日变化,与地磁活动的相关,与背景电离层等离子体对流特性的关系等统计分析结果。     

广州地磁Z分量日变幅的谱特征

利用1972—1993年广州地磁资料，分析了Z分量日变幅的年平均、年变化和半年变化等低频成分的逐年变化，以及小于60天的短周期变化特征．同时对1972—1993年的F10.7日均值进行了谱分析．结果指出，广州地磁Z分量日变幅的年平均与太阳活动指数F10．7的年平均存在良好的线性相关；具有幅度大约5nT夏季极大的年变化，与太阳活动没有明显相关，是一种季节效应；存在春秋分极大的半年变化，幅度与太阳活动有关，高年的幅度明显大于低年；具有明显的与太阳自转相关的27天左右的变化和明显的与行星波有关的接近16日、10日、5日、2日等短周期变化．广州地磁Z分量日变幅的这些谱特征，有助于更深入地了解中低层大气对电离层影响的物理机制．     

Ionospheric Effects of Geomagnetic Storms in Different Longitude Sectors

This paper analyzes the state of the ionosphere during two geomagnetic storms of a different intensity evolving in different sectors of local time in different seasons. There were used the data from a network of ionospheric stations located in the opposite longitudinal sectors of 80°-150° E and 250°-310° E.This analysis has permitted us to conclude that the detected differences in the variations of the disturbances are likely to be determined by the local time difference of the geomagnetic storm development, its intensity and by the different illumination conditions of the ionosphere.      

SOME RESULTS OF UPPER ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION MEASUREMENTS BY A MASS-SPECTROMETER ON BOARD "SZ-2":CHANGE OF COMPOSITIONS DURING SOLAR AND GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES

Upper atmosphere composition data were obtained for the last half year with a quadruple mass spectrometer on board spacecraft "SZ-2" launched on 10 Jan uary 2001. Based on the analysis of these data, the variations of atmospheric compositions in solar and geomagnetic quiet conditions are reported first, then a detailed discussion on the atmospheric composition variations under the so lar and geomagnetic disturbed conditions is given. The results show that near the altitude of 400 km the variations of main atmospheric compositions corre sponding to solar disturbances are more remarkable in the sunlit area than in the shade area. On the contrary, in geomagnetic disturbance events the corre sponding variations are more obvious in the shade area, an evident increase of N2 density at relatively higher latitudes was observed.     

"神舟二号"大气密度探测器的探测结果Ⅱ.在太阳和地磁扰动期间高层大气密度的变化

选用了Sz—2大气密度探测器在2001年2—4月间的探测数据,进行日照和阴影区域热层大气密度对太阳和地磁活动程度的响应变化的探讨．结果表明,日照区大气密度峰值主要随F10.7值而变,在地磁扰动期间,阴影区大气密度对扰动的响应更明显,通常响应变化开始于高纬度地区,然后向低纬度地区推移．     

地磁暴前地面宇宙线强度变化Morlet小波特征分析

用Morlet小波变换对Oulu台站和Apatity台站(主要是Apatity台站)1998-2002年间宇宙线静日和地磁暴前的地面宇宙线强度变化特征进行分析，得到：在宇宙线静日期间普遍存在准24h周期变化特征，并且在当地时间0200，1400左右分别出现最小值和最大值；对12个例子的分析可以看到地面宇宙线强度在地磁暴之前l-2天均出现了不同于宇宙线静日期间变化特征，或有小尺度周期出现，或周期变化完全消失，或有异常24h周期变化，这种变化特征在一定程度上可作为地磁预报的先兆特征之一。     

自适应滤波在磁暴期间地磁导航中的应用

对磁暴期间巡航导弹巡航段的地磁导航问题进行了讨论。针对地磁导航在磁暴期间常规卡尔曼滤波容易发散的问题,提出了一种基于Sage\|Husa自适应卡尔曼滤波的地磁导航算法。算法根据新息的变化自适应调整测量噪声矩阵,消除了磁暴影响,提高了滤波稳定性。仿真表明在选择合适的遗忘因子基础上,即使在磁暴最剧烈的时间段,采用自适应卡尔曼滤波仍能保证一定的精度,定位精度在200m以内,满足巡航导弹中程制导的精度要求。     

Local-time variations of geomagnetic disturbances during intense geomagnetic storms and possible association with their interplanetary causes

In the present paper the local-time variations in the disturbance of the geomagnetic-field horizontal component (H) for eight intense geomagnetic storms that occurred during the descending phase of solar cycle 23 have been analyzed. The study was based on the plot of contour lines of the H-depletion intensity in the plane local time versus universal time (LT–UT maps) with the objective of observing how the morphology and evolution of the ring current is mapped into the surface of the Earth in presence of intense geomagnetic storms.     

暴时极光区热层大气焦耳加热与F区电离耗空的EISCAT雷达观测

利用ＥＩＳＣＡＴ雷达探测数据，分析计算了太阳活动高年夏季发生的一次强磁暴期间，极光区电离层对流电场、电导率以及焦耳加热速率等着重考察了Ｅ区热怪大气焦耳加热和Ｆ区离子摩擦增温与Ｆ区电子密度耗空的关系发现在下午东向极光电集流期间，电子密度最大耗空出现在Ｆ区３００－３２５ｋｍ高度，时间恰在积分的Ｅ区大气焦耳加热量大值和Ｆ区最大离子增温之后５－１０ｍｉｎ，耗空率达７０％。     

Moderate geomagnetic storms and their ionospheric effects at middle and low latitudes

This paper reports the global response of the mid high and low latitude ionosphere in four longitudinal sectors to two moderate geomagnetic storms that occurred during 2007 (the more intense storms occurred that year). The results obtained during these storms show that the ionospheric effects in general are not moderate in magnitude, showing an important degree of complexity as during intense storms. The outstanding features produced during the storms are significant positive storm effects at mid-high latitudes during the main phase/first part of the recovery, positive effects after the onset of the storm followed by negatives effects at middle latitudes and delayed positive effects during the night-time hours in the trough of the equatorial anomaly (“dusk” effect). Possible physical mechanisms for controlling the morphology of the ionosphere during these events are considered.