近地轨道宇宙线的强度分布

本文主要讨论了在近地空间能够引发微电子系统故障的宇宙线带电粒子环境问题，参照国外辕为成熟的模式和我们最新的工作，对近地轨道的宇宙线强度进行了计算，并就模式的应用和存在的问题进行了讨论。     

Geomagnetic pulsation over conjugate locations during geomagnetic storms and substorm

Geomagnetic data collected during magnetic storm over magnetically conjugate pair (according to IGRF 2000) of high latitude stations viz., Maitri (70° 45′ S, 11° 42′ E) and Tromso (69° 40′ N, 18° 56′ E) reveal that amplitudes of Pc6 pulsation characteristically differ. The amplitude obtained from horizontal magnetic field for the Pc6 pulsation frequency range between 0.6 and 1.6 mHz significantly differs in time corresponding to peak amplitude. The relative differences in its time of occurrence found to gradually increase around initial phase of storm and remain exactly out of phase at peak amplitude of storm. Thence, it is found to be in agreement in phase gradually until storm unwinds. This indicates that simultaneous amplitude of Pc6 pulsation at conjugate pair of stations and its time of occurrence could be a key factor to infer storm arrivals somewhat prior to its peak effects. The emphasize remains on prediction of storm arrivals only by utilizing ground based magnetometer observations. However, it is necessary to understand differences on the basis of weak, moderate, strong, and super strong cases and more exactly how they behave along the line of magnetic Meridian. Nevertheless, the analysis implies that geo-effective magnetic ejecta/clouds/CIRs/sheaths/CMEs/ICMEs giving rise to geomagnetic storm can be predicted ahead of its peak effects by having magnetometer data over conjugate locations.     

Substorm activity during the main phase of magnetic storms induced by the CIR and ICME events

In this work, the relation of high-latitude indices of geomagnetic activity (AE, Kp) with the rate of storm development and a solar wind electric field during the main phase of magnetic storm induced by the CIR and ICME events is investigated. 72 magnetic storms induced by CIR and ICME events have been selected. It is shown that for the CIR and ICME events the increase of average value of the Kp index (Kp_aver) is observed with the growth of rate of storm development. The value of Kp_aver index correlates with the magnitude of minimum value of Dst index (|Dst_min|) only for the ICME events. The analysis of average values of AE and Kp indices during the main phase of magnetic storm depending on the SW electric field has shown that for the CIR events, unlike the ICME events, the value of AE_aver increases with the growth of average value of the electric field (Esw_aver). The value of Kp_aver correlates with the Esw_aver only for the ICME events. The relation between geomagnetic indices and the maximum value of SW electric field (Esw_max) is weak. However, for the ICME events Kp_aver correlates with Esw_max.     

CME引起的地磁暴穿越时间

日冕物质抛射(CME)从发生至引起地磁暴最大值的时间间隔称为穿越时间.本文选取1997-2015年89个CME-Dst事件,分析CME速度、能量、耀斑类型等对穿越时间的影响;采用非线性拟合以及支持向量机(SVM)非线性回归技术,建立基于1997-2009年62个CME-Dst事件的CF模型和SVM模型,并利用其余27个CME-Dst事件对模型预报效果分别进行检验.结果表明,CF模型和SVM模型的预报准确率均达到85.2%,其中CF模型的平均绝对值误差为13.77 h,而SVM模型为13.88 h.与ECA模型结果(准确率为77.8%,平均绝对值误差为14.55 h)进行对比发现,CF模型和SVM模型的准确率更高而误差更小.CF模型和SVM模型能够提前1~5天较好地预报地磁暴爆发时间.     

双轴卫星天线扰动特性建模、仿真及试验

卫星天线微振动是影响卫星姿态控制精度的重要因素,卫星天线扰动建模的目的是掌握其扰动规律,进而采取相应的控制方法和隔离技术.综合考虑卫星天线扰动源步进电机的扰动力以及天线结构固有模态对星体的扰动影响,建立了卫星天线机构机电一体系统对星体扰动力的数学模型.通过仿真计算,设计试验测试卫星天线扰动力,比较仿真结果和试验结果,对所建模型进行验证.比较结果表明:建立的天线扰动模型准确可靠,对卫星指向控制精度和稳定性的影响提供了借鉴和参考.      

Variations of Thermosphere Density Based on Joint Analysis of In-Situ Measurement Data From Shenzhou Spacecrafts

Based on the measurements made by Atmospheric Density Detectors (ADDs) onboard Chinese spacecraft Shenzhou 2-4, the variations of thermosphere density are revealed. During the quiet period, the density at spacecraft altitude of 330～410km exhibited a dominant diurnal variation, with high value on dayside and low value on nightside. The ratio of the diurnal maximum density to the minimum ranged from 1.7 to 2.0. The ratio shows a positive correlation with the level of solar activity and a negative correlation with the level of geomagnetic activity. When a geomagnetic disturbance comes, the atmospheric density at the altitude of 330～410km displayed a global enhancement. For a strong geomagnetic disturbance, the atmospheric density increased by about 56%, and reached its maximum about 6～7 hours after the geomagnetic disturbance peak. The density asymmetry was also observed both in the southern and northern hemisphere during the geomagnetic disturbance peak.      

磁暴期间的地磁导航精度分析

地磁导航是无源自主导航技术研究的新方向. 分析了地磁导航的基本原理, 描述了典型磁暴过程, 并针对地磁导航在磁暴环境中的适用性进行了研究. 在采用曲面样条方法对实测地磁场数据建立观测模型的基础上, 结合广义卡尔曼滤波方法讨论了磁暴不同阶段对地磁导航精度造成的影响. 分别采用理论典型磁暴数据以及实测磁暴数据进行仿真, 仿真结果表明, 在磁暴的初相、恢复相的中后时段以及中等强度以下的磁暴全过程仍然可以采用地磁来进行导航定位, 导航精度在200 m以内, 满足飞行器中程制导的精度要求.      

复杂条件下的运动目标检测方法研究综述

运动目标检测是当前研究热点之一,被广泛地应用于计算机视觉、视频处理等领域。将运动目标检测的三种常用方法进行对比,总结其各自的适用性及局限性。针对光照变化、背景存在干扰运动、前景色与背景色接近等复杂条件,综述了相应的多种解决方案,并指出了方案算法的局限性,对复杂条件下运动目标检测方法的发展方向进行展望,从而为相关工作的进一步研究指出了方向。     

周期性扰动对平板湍流边界层统计性质的影响

用IFA300热线风速仪和X形二分量热线探针精细测量了平板湍流边界层在施加不同频率的周期性吹吸扰动前后不同法向位置的瞬时流向、法向速度分量的时间序列信号.在平板湍流边界层的固壁表面沿展向切割一条5 mm宽的窄缝, 在平板底部用扬声器从壁面向平板湍流边界层内施加不同频率的周期性吹吸扰动, 研究不同频率的周期性扰动在平板湍流边界层内发展演化的规律及对平板湍流边界层统计性质的影响.      

二维扰动对下游圆盘压力分布的影响

通过测量阻力和表面压力,研究了干扰圆柱尾迹产生的二维扰动对下游圆盘气动特性的影响,得到圆盘迎风面压力分布的变化规律,并结合以往流场结构的研究,对其机理进行了分析.结果表明在圆盘与干扰圆柱间距比L/D较小时,圆盘迎风面低压区宽度随间距增大迅速增加;当L/D>0.7时,对于同一直径的干扰圆柱,圆盘迎风面低压区宽度基本保持不变;对于不同直径的干扰圆柱,在圆盘前产生低压区的宽度随圆柱直径的增加而变大.此外,利用这种干扰方法,可以降低圆盘阻力,实验得到圆盘阻力可减少约9%,相应的圆柱/圆盘系统的阻力可减小4%.