Plant mineral nutrition,gas exchange and photosynthesis in space: A review

Successful growth and development of higher plants in space rely on adequate availability and uptake of water and nutrients, and efficient energy distribution through photosynthesis and gas exchange. In the present review, literature has been reviewed to assemble the relevant knowledge within space plant research for future planetary missions. Focus has been on fractional gravity, space radiation, magnetic fields and ultimately a combined effect of these factors on gas exchange, photosynthesis and transport of water and solutes.     

Protein expression profile changes in human fibroblasts induced by low dose energetic protons

Extrapolation of known radiation risks to the risks from low dose and low dose-rate exposures of human population, especially prolonged exposures of astronauts in the space radiation environment, relies in part on the mechanistic understanding of radiation induced biological consequences at the molecular level. While some genomic data at the mRNA level are available for cells or animals exposed to radiation, the data at the protein level are still lacking. Here, we studied protein expression profile changes using Panorama antibody microarray chips that contain antibodies to 224 proteins (or their phosphorylated forms) involved in cell signaling that included mostly apoptosis, cytoskeleton, cell cycle and signal transduction. Normal human fibroblasts were cultured until fully confluent and then exposed to 2 cGy of 150 MeV protons at high-dose rate. The proteins were isolated at 2 or 6 h after exposure and labeled with Cy3 for the irradiated cells and with Cy5 for the control samples before loading onto the protein microarray chips. The intensities of the protein spots were analyzed using ScanAlyze software and normalized by the summed fluorescence intensities and the housekeeping proteins. The results showed that low dose protons altered the expression of more than 10% of the proteins listed in the microarray analysis in various protein functional groups. Cell cycle (24%) related proteins were induced by protons and most of them were regulators of G1/S-transition phase. Comparison of the overall protein expression profiles, cell cycle related proteins, cytoskeleton and signal transduction protein groups showed significantly more changes induced by protons compared with other protein functional groups.     

论我国人大立法过程中的利益表达

社会分层与社会利益多元化,必然导致社会各阶层谋求自己利益的立法认可。人民代表大会作为调控利益冲突、进行立法选择的主要场所,在组织结构、代表的组成与职责、立法程序．等方面,滞后于市场经济中社会利益多元化这一现实,有必要从强化代表的职责、优化代表大会的结构,规范立法程序,完善立法权的划分等方面加强我国的人大代表制度,以实现利益的有效表达,应对利益分化这一社会现实。     

BHU人脸表情数据库的设计与实现

提供了一个较为全面的人脸表情数据库,它包含3类人脸表情:单一表情、混合表情和复杂 表情.本数据库具有在其它人脸数据库中未曾出现的情感表情,对世界人脸表情数据库进行 了有益的补充.对数据库单一表情的部分样本进行了问卷调查,给出了对每个样本的评价, 并通过统计分析给出了对数据库中单一表情可识别性的评价.通过对9 种单一表情的识别实验,说明了多类表情识别的可行性.本表情数据库对人脸表情识别和人 机交互领域的研究具有积极的促进作用.      

碰撞概率对轨道误差和接近几何条件的灵敏度分析

基于显式表达式对碰撞概率的灵敏度进行解析分析,给出其对接近距离的RSW分量、轨道误差、接近角度和目标大小的两类灵敏度（绝对灵敏度和相对灵敏度）。以美俄卫星碰撞事件为例进行计算和分析,得到灵敏度的变化曲线和数值。该解析方法可以克服数值分析方法中普遍存在的使用不便、计算量大、精度不高等问题。     

倾转旋翼机旋翼/机翼气动干扰理论与试验

采用参数化建模方法,建立了适用于飞行力学分析的倾转旋翼机旋翼/机翼气动干扰模型,提出一套简单而准确的干扰区计算方法,得出了干扰区边界的解析表达式,并根据解析式数值积分得到了干扰区的面积,据此给出了过渡过程中旋翼/机翼气动干扰的速度边界。针对上述模型和方法,进行了倾转旋翼不同旋翼总距、前飞速度以及短舱倾角下的旋翼/机翼气动干扰风洞试验,并通过理论计算结果与风洞试验结果的对比验证建模方法的正确性。     

Expression of p53-regulated genes in human cultured lymphoblastoid TSCE5 and WTK1 cell lines after spaceflight in a frozen state

The 53 kDa tumor suppressor protein p53 is generally thought to contribute to the genetic stability of cells and to protect cells from DNA damage through the activity of p53-centered signal transduction pathways. To clarify the effect of space radiation on the expression of p53-dependent regulated genes, gene expression profiles were compared between two human cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines: one line (TSCE5) has a wild-type p53 gene status, and the other line (WTK1) has a mutated p53 gene status. Frozen human lymphoblastoid cells were stored in a freezer in the International Space Station (ISS) for 133 days. Gene expression was analyzed using DNA chips after culturing the space samples for 6 h on the ground after their return from space. Ground control samples were also cultured for 6 h after being stored in a frozen state on the ground for the same time period that the frozen cells were in space. p53-Dependent gene expression was calculated from the ratio of the gene expression values in wild-type p53 cells and in mutated p53 cells. The expression of 50 p53-dependent genes was up-regulated, and the expression of 94 p53-dependent genes was down-regulated after spaceflight. These expression data identified genes which could be useful in advancing studies in basic space radiation biology. The biological meaning of these results is discussed from the aspect of gene functions in the up- and down-regulated genes after exposure to low doses of space radiation.     

MBD技术在航空发动机设计中的应用

为解决MBD技术在航空发动机设计应用中的标准规范不统一和标注信息管理等问题,结合行业特点,制订了独特的通用+典型零部件MBD行业标准,同时,考虑到知识信息表达和多领域应用,提出了基于视图的标注信息(Definition Based Model Views-DBMV)管理方法,使得3维MBD模型成为惟一有效的知识信息数据源贯穿应用于产品的全生命周期,成功将MBD技术工程化应用于航空发动机结构设计中。     

最小支撑树算法在基因表达数据聚类分析中的应用

聚类分析已成为对基因表达数据进行挖掘以提取生物医学信息的主要方法.本文提出了基于图论的最小支撑树(Minimum spanning tree,MST)聚类算法,用MST表示多维基因表达数据,可将数据的聚类转换为对最小支撑树的分割,相对于传统聚类方法,最小支撑树算法具有形象直观、对一些准则函数能产生全局最优解等优点;将MST算法分别与Memetic algorithm及人工免疫算法(Artificial immune network,aiNet)相结合,则产生更优化的聚类结果.对酵母基因表达数据的实验结果表明,最小支撑树聚类算法是一种有效的基因表达数据的聚类方法.     

测量数据统计分析结果的物理意义及应用

讨论了测量数据统计分析结果的物理意义,将实际测量目的和测量结果表达方法结合起来进行研究,给出了不同测量目的下的测量结果表达方法。