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441.
B.K. Choi J.U. Park S.J. Lee 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
We investigated the ionospheric anomalies observed before the Tohoku earthquake, which occurred near the northeast coast of Honshu, Japan on 11 March, 2011. Based on data from a ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) network on the Korean Peninsula, ionospheric anomalies were detected in the total electron content (TEC) during the daytime a few days before earthquake. Ionospheric TEC anomalies appeared on 5, 8 and 11 March. In particular, the ionospheric disturbances on 8 March evidenced a remarkable increase in TEC. The GPS TEC variation associated with the Tohoku earthquake was an increase of approximately 20 total electron content units (TECU), observed simultaneously in local and global TEC measurements. To investigate these pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies, space weather conditions such as the solar activity index (F10.7) and geomagnetic activity indices (the Kp and Dst indices) were examined. We also created two-dimensional TEC maps to visual the spatial variations in the ionospheric anomalies preceding the earthquake. 相似文献
442.
L.I. Miroshnichenko W.Q. Gan 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
Experiments on SMM, GAMMA, Yohkoh, GRANAT, Compton GRO, INTEGRAL, RHESSI and CORONAS-F satellites over the past three decades have provided copious data for fundamental research relating to particle acceleration, transport and energetics of flares and to the ambient abundance of the solar corona, chromosphere and photosphere. We summarize main results of solar gamma-astronomy (including some results of several joint Russian–Chinese projects) and try to appraise critically a real contribution of those results into modern understanding of solar flares, particle acceleration at the Sun and some properties of the solar atmosphere. Recent findings based on the RHESSI, INTEGRAL and CORONAS-F measurements (source locations, spectrum peculiarities, 3He abundance etc.) are especially discussed. Some unusual features of extreme solar events (e.g., 28 October 2003 and 20 January 2005) have been found in gamma-ray production and generation of relativistic particles (solar cosmic rays, or SCR). A number of different plausible assumptions are considered concerning the details of underlying physical processes during large flares: (1) existence of a steeper distribution of surrounding medium density as compared to a standard astrophysical model (HSRA) for the solar atmosphere; (2) enhanced content of the 3He isotope; (3) formation of magnetic trap with specific properties; (4) prevailing non-uniform (e.g., fan-like) velocity (angular) distributions of secondary neutrons, etc. It is emphasized that real progress in this field may be achieved only by combination of gamma-ray data in different energy ranges with multi-wave and energetic particle observations during the same event. We especially note several promising lines for the further studies: (1) resonant acceleration of the 3He ions in the corona; (2) timing of the flare evolution by gamma-ray fluxes in energy range above 90 MeV; (3) separation of gamma-ray fluxes from different sources at/near the Sun (e.g., different acceleration sources/episodes during the same flare, contribution of energetic particles accelerated by the CME-driven shocks etc.); (4) asymmetric magnetic geometry and new magnetic topology models of the near-limb flares; (5) modeling of self-consistent time scenario of the event. 相似文献
443.
F.M. D’ujanga J. Mubiru B.F. Twinamasiko C. Basalirwa T.J. Ssenyonga 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
Diurnal variations in the total electron content (TEC) at Makerere University (00°19′N, 32°40′E, Geo Dip −22°), Uganda, have been investigated using a NovAtel GSV400B GPS receiver for the year 2010. The highest TEC values occurred from 13h00 to 17h00 local time (LT) throughout the year, with the highest values being exhibited during equinoctial months. In addition, there was some correlation between this high TEC and the moderate storms that occurred in 2010. These high TEC values have been attributed to the solar EUV ionization coupled with the upward vertical ExB drift. Nighttime enhancements were also found to be seasonally dependant, attaining maximum values during equinoctial months. These results were also compared with modeled TEC values by the IRI-2007 model. The modeled values were in good agreement with the measured values except for these two points: (1) the model had a short-fall in predicting the nighttime enhancements; and (2) the model’s minimum TEC did not coincide with the measured minimum in most of the months. Observed TEC depletions were found to correlate with an increase in the S4 index and have been identified as a manifestation of the plasma density depletions of the equatorial origin. 相似文献
444.
Zhenzhong Xu Weimin Wang Nan Zhou Xiaofei Song Haotian Zhu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2012
The variation of TEC data at Wuhan station (geographic coordinate: 30.5°N, 114.4°E; geomagnetic coordinate: 19.2°N, 183.8°E) at crest of equatorial anomaly in China from January 1997 to December 2007 were analyzed. Variability with solar activity, annual, semiannual, diurnal and seasonal variation were also analyzed. The MSIS00 model and ISR model were used to analyze the possible mechanisms of the variabilities found in the results. The TEC data in 1997 and 2001 deduced from another crest station Xiamen (geographic coordinate: 24.4°N, 118.1°E; geomagnetic coordinate: 13.2°N, 187.4°E) were used to contrast. Analysis results show that long-term variations of TEC at Xiamen station are mainly controlled by the variations of solar activities. Typical diurnal variation behaves as a minimum of the TEC in the pre-dawn hours around 05:00–06:00LT and a maximum on the afternoon hours around 13:00–15:00LT. Some features like the semiannual anomaly and winter anomaly in TEC have been reported. The anomaly may be the result of common action of the electric field over the magnetic equatorial and the [O/N2] at the crest station. 相似文献
445.
采用 RON95# 车用汽油或 100LL 航空汽油为燃料的中空长航时无人机在爬升过程中容易遭遇气阻。利用 Flowmaster 软件搭建某型无人机燃油系统的仿真模型,以实际飞行试验中的环境温度、初始燃油温度、初始燃油量、耗油率等参数作为边界条件,通过仿真得到飞行过程中油箱内燃油温度,并与实际飞行试验数据进行对比,验证仿真模型的可行性;利用该模型定量研究环境温度、燃油油量、耗油率、爬升速度等因素对燃油温度变化规律的影响。结果表明:对于某型无人机燃油系统,在连续爬升过程中燃油温度的变化受初始外界环境温度、爬升速度的影响比较大,而燃油油量、耗油率则对燃油温度变化的影响较小;初始外界环境温度越低、燃油油量越少、耗油率越快、爬升速度越大则燃油温度下降幅度越大。 相似文献
446.
《中国航空学报》2021,34(2):407-419
Ionospheric variability is influenced by many factors, such as solar radiation, neutral atmosphere composition, and geomagnetic disturbances. Mainly characterized by the total electron content (TEC) and electron density, the climatology of the ionosphere features temporal and spatial changes. Establishing a multivariant regression model helps substantially in better understanding the ionosphere characteristics and their long-term variability. In this paper, an improvement of the existing ionosphere multivariate linear fitting regression model is proposed and investigated using data from both the ionosonde and the global ionosphere map (GIM) derived from ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations. The proposed method gives more consideration to the impact of the solar activity and adds modeling of the annual periodic fluctuations and half-year periodic fluctuations for the F10.7 index. The improved model is verified to have a better correlation with the real observations and can help reduce the calculation uncertainty. Moreover, the proposed model is used to evaluate the fitting accuracy of the GIMs produced by five authorized data analysis centers from the International GNSS Service (IGS). The results show that there is a fixing hole in the North America region for the GIM model where the correlation between the GIM and the proposed model always returns lower values compared to other places. 相似文献
447.
G. Peach 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The impact theory of spectral line broadening is used to obtain complete profiles for radio recombination lines broadened by electron and proton impact. Electron impact dominates but proton impact becomes increasingly significant as Δn increases. Thus these new calculations essentially confirm previous results and so a longstanding discrepancy between observation and theory remains unresolved. 相似文献
448.
Ana I. Gómez de Castro Paola Sestito Néstor Sánchez Fátima López-Martínez Juan Seijas Maite Gómez Pablo Rodríguez José Quintana Marcos Ubierna Jacinto Muñoz 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The Imaging and Slitless Spectroscopy Instrument (ISSIS) will be flown as part of the science instrumentation in the World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet (WSO-UV). ISSIS will be the first UV imager to operate in a high Earth orbit from a 2 m class space telescope. In this contribution, the science driving the ISSIS design and the main characteristics of this instrument are presented. 相似文献
449.
Linfeng Huang Jinsong Wang Yong Jiang Jiang Huang Zhou Chen Kai Zhao 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The diurnal variations in total electron content (TEC) in the equatorial ionisation anomaly (EIA) region are not always represented by two crests on both sides of the magnetic equator. Sometimes, only an obvious single crest is evident at equatorial and low latitudes. In this paper, we focus on analysis of the morphological features of the single crest phenomenon in TEC around 120°E longitude during geomagnetic quiet days (Kp < 4−). The variations in TEC are also compared with morphological parameters (foF2 and hmF2) derived from the International Reference Ionosphere extended to Plasmasphere (IRI–Plas) model. Our results show that the single crest phenomenon occurs mainly on days with extremely low solar activity, while the corresponding F2 layer critical frequency showed obvious asymmetry, or even only a single peak. 相似文献
450.
Huynh Anh Nguyen Le Soojong Pak Myungshin Im Minjin Kim Chae Kyung Sim Luis C. Ho 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
We present medium resolution near-infrared host galaxy spectra of low redshift quasars, PG 0844+349 (z = 0.064), PG 1226+023 (z = 0.158), and PG 1426+015 (z = 0.086). The observations were done by using the Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (IRCS) at the Subaru 8.2 m telescope. The full width at half maximum of the point spread function was about 0.3 arcsec by operations of an adaptive optics system, which can effectively resolve the quasar spectra from the host galaxy spectra. We spent up to several hours per target and developed data reduction methods to reduce the systematic noises of the telluric emissions and absorptions. From the obtained spectra, we identified absorption features of Mg I (1.503 μm), Si I (1.589 μm) and CO (6-3) (1.619 μm), and measured the velocity dispersions of PG 0844+349 to be 132 ± 110 km s−1 and PG 1426+015 to be 264 ± 215 km s−1. By using an MBH–σ relation of elliptical galaxies, we derived the black hole (BH) mass of PG 0844+349, log(MBH/M⊙)=7.7±5.5 and PG 1426+015,log(MBH/M⊙)=9.0±7.5. These values are consistent with the BH mass values from broad emission lines with an assumption of a virial factor of 5.5. 相似文献