温度垂直递减率对飞机尾涡影响的数值模拟

为了更深入精确地研究航空器尾涡演变规律，保障航空器安全运行，本文采用数值模拟方法对不同温度垂直递减率下A330-300飞机尾流的耗散规律进行了研究。数值模拟选择SST (Shear stress transport) k-ω湍流模型，通过构建5种不同温度垂直递减率下的温度场，并在温度场内编译A330-300飞机尾流场实现不同温度垂直递减率下的演化。通过数值模拟结果与雷达探测数据的对比验证了数值模拟方法可靠性。计算结果表明，一般湍流强度下，不同的温度垂直递减率主要作用于尾涡衰减阶段，通过改变尾涡内外温度影响尾涡演化。温度垂直递减率越小，尾涡衰减区环量减小得越快；温度垂直递减率越大，尾涡下沉的速率越大，快速耗散后的涡核间距越大。     

三种高强铝合金高温组织实时观察研究

2219、2A14、2195铝合金是航天领域常用的三种结构材料，特别是2195合金，因其密度低、比强度和比刚度高等优势在航天的应用越来越广泛。本文基于高温金相实时观测系统，在50 K/min加热速率下对强化态（固溶+时效）下的三种铝合金常温（约25℃）至软化温度（约600～660℃）下微观组织及相组成的变化过程进行了实时观察。结果表明：强化态下的三种铝合金均在高于其固相线的温度下发生了熔化，高温金相视场中的初始熔化位置位于圆形相（含有Al、Cu元素）附近，而块状相（含有Al、Cu、Fe等元素）则最后发生熔化。重新凝固后材料显微硬度降低50%左右，表明基体中的增强相减少；先析α相中Cu含量降低，大部分Cu元素均富集于晶界上形成接近共晶成分的网状富Cu相；未溶块状相熔点较高，重新凝固后被推移到晶界。对三种铝合金分析对比结果表明，2195合金固液温度区间最小，高温下形成的网状富Cu液膜最容易被拉开，因此该材料热裂纹敏感性最大。     

Efficient multi-objective CMA-ES algorithm assisted by knowledge-extraction-based variable-fidelity surrogate model

To accelerate the multi-objective optimization for expensive engineering cases, a Knowledge-Extraction-based Variable-Fidelity Surrogate-assisted Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy(KE-VFS-CMA-ES) is presented. In the first part, the KE-VFS model is established. Firstly, the optimization is performed using the low-fidelity surrogate model to obtain the Low-Fidelity Non-Dominated Solutions(LF-NDS). Secondly, aiming to obtain the High-Fidelity(HF) sample points located in promising are...     

Experimental investigation of a gliding discharge plasma jet igniter

Relight of jet engines at high altitude is difficult due to the relatively low pressure and temperature of inlet air. The penetration of initial flame kernel affects the ignition probability in the turbine engine combustor greatly. In order to achieve successful ignition at high altitude, a deeper penetration of initial flame kernel should be generated. In this study, a Gliding Arc Plasma Jet Igniter(GAPJI) is designed to induce initial flame kernel with deeper penetration to achieve successful ...     

三维编织机锭子,轨道及锭槽结构尺寸的选择

分析了三维四步法编织机锭子运动的特点，提出了锭子与锭槽尺寸公差的选择原则；讨论了各种误差存在时，锭子可能窜入相邻轨道锭槽的情况，提出了防止锭子卡死或发生其它不良情况的结构措施，并举例进行了结构尺寸的选择。     

超参数自适应的MOEA/D-DE算法在翼型气动隐身优化中的应用

MOEA/D-DE 算法易于实现，被广泛应用于处理多目标优化问题，但其超参数CR 和F 对算法性能影响较大。基于MOEA/D-DE 算法框架、利用Sobol 全局灵敏性分析方法对差分进化算子中的交叉控制参数CR进行改进，使用莱维飞行策略控制比例因子F，使算法中的超参数拥有自适应能力，得到超参数自适应的MOEA/D-DE 算法——MOEA/D-DEAH 算法；对MOEA/D-DEAH 算法、不同超参数设置的MOEA/D-DE算法和NSGAII 算法进行函数测试和翼型气动隐身优化算例对比。结果表明：MOEA/D-DEAH 算法性能良好，具有较强的鲁棒性，气动隐身优化效果也比其他算法更好。     

Space law education in China: Status quo,shortcomings and possible ways out

Space law education has an essential role in the space capacity building of a country because of its importance for human resources development in space law. Comparisons between Canada and China, the European Union and China and the United States of America (USA) and China in space law degree education, course, teaching methodology, institute and practice and communication platform are provided in an attempt to review some issues which exist within the Chinese space law educational system and to seek a better choice for China’s space law education reform. Chinese space law education has achieved noticeable progress over the past two decades. However, it is still limited in comparison to its counterparts in Europe and Northern America. The range of the space law degree education programmes and space-law-related courses is comparatively limited. A gap remains between space law education and practice in China. Chinese space law classes are still dominated by the teacher-centred teaching methodology, although several universities have some new teaching practices. The establishment of seven space law-related research institutes plays an increasingly important role in Chinese space law education, space law and policy research and legal advisory services for the Chinese government and non-governmental sectors. However, these institutes still have a long way to go in comparison with their counterparts in Europe and Northern America. While China has established domestic research platforms for space law communication through international cooperation, it does not provide space law practice platforms for space law education. While international space law does not provide a direct legal foundation for space law education in China, Chinese educational laws can lay a profound legal foundation for Chinese space law education. To promote its national expertise and capacity in space law, based on the three-pillar model and the experiences of its counterparts in North America and Europe, China should adopt a systematic and sustainable regime for its space law education.     

大气探测激光雷达校飞样机研制与飞行验证

星载激光雷达是高精度测量全球温室气体和气溶胶垂直廓线的重要手段，大气环境监测卫星大气探测激光雷达(ACDL)在国际首次采用激光积分路径差分吸收技术测量全球CO2柱浓度，采用532 nm高光谱探测技术测量气溶胶和云的廓线。星载激光雷达载荷研制期间，同步研制一套主要功能一致的机载大气探测激光雷达校飞样机，并开展机载飞行试验，获取了大量飞行试验及其对比数据，提供了机载平台真实的数据源，对于优化ACDL激光雷达系统参数和研究星载数据反演算法至关重要。最后在机载飞行平台下，验证了优于1 ppm的CO2柱浓度测量精度和优于15%的气溶胶测量精度。未来利用该机载样机可以进一步开展星地对比验证。