An introduction to China FY3 radio occultation mission and its measurement simulation

GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) radio occultation mission for remote sensing of the Earth’s atmosphere will be performed by GNOS (GNSS Occultation Sounder) instrument on China FengYun-3 (FY3) 02 series satellites, the first of which FY3-C will be launched in the year 2013. This paper describes the FY3 GNOS mission and presents some results of measurement simulation. The key designed specifications of GNOS are also shown. The main objective of simulation is to provide scientific support for GNOS occultation mission on the FY3-C satellites. We used EGOPS software to simulate occultation measurements according to GNOS designed parameters. We analyzed the accuracy of retrieval profiles based on two typical occultation events occurring in China South–East area among total simulated events. Comparisons between the retrieval atmospheric profiles and background profiles show that GNOS occultation has high accuracy in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. The sensitivities of refractivity to three types of instrumental error, i.e. Doppler biases, clock stability and local multipath, were analyzed. The results indicated that the Doppler biases introduced by along-ray velocity error and GNOS clock error were the primary error sources for FY3-C occultation mission.     

Jason-2 DORIS phase measurement processing

The DORIS instrument on Jason-2 is the first of a new generation. The satellite receivers have now seven simultaneous measurement channels, with synchronous dual frequency phase and pseudo-range measurements. These measurements are now described in a similar manner as GPS measurements and an extension of the RINEX 3.0 format has been defined for DORIS. Data are available to users with a shorter latency.     

Assessing attitude error of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites and its impact on orbit determination

An attitude determination and control system (ADCS) is critical to satellite attitude maneuvers and to the coordinate transformation from the inertial frame to the spacecraft frame. This paper shows specific sensors in the ADCS of the satellite mission FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) and the impact of the ADCS quality on orbit accuracy. The selection of main POD antenna depends on the beta angles of the different F3/C satellites (for FM2 and FM4) during the inflight phase. In particular, under the eclipse, alternative attitude sensors are activated to replace the Sun sensors, and such a sensor change leads to anomalous GPS phase residuals and a degraded orbit accuracy. Since the nominal attitude serves as a reference for ADCS, the 3-dimensional attitude-induced errors in reduced dynamic orbits over selected days in 2010 show 9.35, 10.78, 4.97, 5.48, 7.18, and 6.89 cm for FM1–FM6. Besides, the 3-dimensional velocity errors induced by the attitude effect are 0.10, 0.10, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, and 0.10 for FM1–FM6. We analyze the quality of the observed attitude transformation matrix of F3/C and its impact on kinematic orbit determination. With 249 days of GPS in 2008, the analysis leads to the following averaged 3-dimensional attitude-induced orbit errors: 2.72, 2.62, 2.37, 1.90, 1.70, and 1.99 cm for satellites FM1–FM6. Critical suggestions of geodetic payloads for the follow-on mission of F3/C are presented based on the current result.     

GPS VEHICLE NAVIGATION SYSTEM

介绍了一种ＧＰＳ智能导航系统。本系统可以广泛应用于城市、省际的交通运输领域。作为智能交通系统的一部分,将在很大程度上改善司机在复杂交通状态下的驾驶条件。文中详细讨论了系统所采用的两项关键技术：地理信息库系统、车辆位置的实时修正。     

GPS导航定位中周跳探测和修复方法

提出了一种基于双频观测数据的单历元周跳探测和修复方法.该方法分三步实现:(1)将上一历元的模糊度代入当前历元的观测方程,消去模糊度参数;(2)利用拟准检定法检测当前历元是否有异常观测,若有,则判断出发生周跳的卫星;(3)利用LAMBDA方法计算出周跳,与前一历元的模糊度相加,即为当前历元的模糊度.该方法能准确判定出异常观测,即发生周跳的卫星.文中算例与其他方法作了比较,结果验证该方案是可行性的.     

某型飞机导弹靶试航迹测量的论证与实施

论述了空中靶试遥测改装方案的可靠性、安全性、可操作性及测试原理 ,对代用天线与测试设备天线使用频段的兼容性进行了对比分析。某型导弹靶试项目是某机种首次进行的空中试验任务 ,是提升我军战斗能力 ,武器国产化能力的一个重要项目。为保证此项目的完成 ,需对武器发射后的运行轨迹、击中目标后的精度进行遥测。为了保证测试任务的完成 ,相关专家对机上加装的遥测设备进行了充分的论证 ,保证了靶试成功。     

卫星导航系统发展动态

卫星导航系统是20世纪60年代中期发展起来的一种新型导航系统，90年代，卫星导航时入全运行和盛行时期，除了用于陆上，海上和空中的航行引导外，几乎扩展到军事和经济的各个方面，目前，除了已经运行的美国的GPS（全球定位系统）和俄罗斯的GLONASS（全球导航卫星系统）外，欧盟也正在积极开发伽利略系统。本文分别介绍GPS、GLONASS和伽利略系统的发展状况。     

SINS/Two-Antenna GPS组合导航系统设计及实现

对SINS／two—antenna GPS全组合导航系统进行了研究，建立了相应的误差模型和系统观测模型，特别是组合系统下的GPS载波相位双差观测模型。提出了一种扩展的卡尔曼滤波方法，并进行了系统硬件集成设计。仿真结果表明：该设计改善了系统性能，提高了导航定位的精度、可靠性和实用性。     

基于三级滤波的民用飞机组合导航融合算法研究

高精度导航系统是民用飞机必备的机载航电设备。针对民用飞机导航传感器冗余配置特点,设计了一种基于三级滤波的组合导航融合算法。首先根据民用飞机传感器配置特点设计三级滤波架构,然后通过第一级卡尔曼滤波器的局部估计、第二级联邦滤波器的全局估计和第三级全局滤波器的最优全局估计,最终实现导航参数的最优全局估计。最后,通过计算机仿真证明该方法具有很好的位置、速度和姿态估计精度,能够满足民用飞机导航系统的高精度测量要求。     

一种基于GPS的测姿新方法

提出了一种利用GPS载波相位信号，基于积分角速率参数IRP（Interated rate parameters)的概念，并借助于扩展了卡尔曼滤波（Extended Kalman filtering)算法进行载体的姿态及姿态变化率估计的新方法，利用线性跟踪理论建立动态方程，使动态方程形式简单，意义明确，利用IRP的概念，通过解决姿态矩阵的递推过程，建立载波相位的观测方程，仿真试验结果表明，本算法具有计算效率高，实时性好，测姿态精度高等优点，并且，由于同时对姿态率进行跟踪估计，因而表现出对载体机动性较强的跟踪能力。