基于通用无线电外设的北斗信号仿真系统

研究了基于通用软件无线电外设(USRP)的北斗信号仿真系统。给出了北斗卫星电文的生成方式,使用Matlab读取星历信息并定义编码产生北斗卫星信号,并利用USRP实现北斗卫星电文的调制发射,利用接收机对该信号进行捕获接收,并对信号附加的多普勒频移进行仿真。最后通过接收机对仿真系统产生的信号进行接收验证。通过此仿真系统可更直观地研究北斗卫星信号,对研究北斗卫星导航系统具有一定的参考意义。     

基于MEMS IMU的舵面运动测量仪

针对飞行器升降舵、副翼角运动的测试需求,提出了单轴捷联姿态系统的原理及算法,介绍了基于MEMS陀螺仪和加速度计的舵面运动测量仪的构成,并对测量仪的工作过程进行了仿真.仿真表明,测量仪的性能满足舵面运动测量的需要.     

基于极大似然估计器的GNSS矢量跟踪算法

矢量跟踪是一种将全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收机的信号跟踪与导航解算融为一体的跟踪算法。传统的基于矢量延迟/频率锁定环(VDFLL)的跟踪算法普遍采用延迟锁定环(DLL)和锁频环(FLL)鉴别器计算伪距和伪距率偏差观测量,由于锁频环鉴别器存在近似误差和一步延迟效应,在高动态环境下容易造成环路失锁。从直接估计卫星信号特征参数的角度出发,基于中频信号模型构建码相位和载波多普勒的极大似然代价函数,采用非迭代估计算法得到各通道码相位和多普勒频移的估计偏差,转换为卡尔曼滤波器的观测矢量,提出一种基于极大似然估计器(MLE)的矢量跟踪算法。理论分析和仿真结果表明:新算法结合了极大似然估计和矢量跟踪的优点,克服了FLL的延迟效应,与基于VDFLL的矢量环路相比,高动态环境下的跟踪稳定性更好,可以对被遮挡的卫星保持持续的跟踪。     

High temporal resolution global PWV dataset of 2005–2016 by using a neural network approach to determine the mean temperature of the atmosphere

Atmospheric water vapour plays an important role in phenomena related to the global hydrologic cycle and climate change. However, the rapid temporal–spatial variation in global tropospheric water vapour has not been well investigated due to a lack of long-term, high-temporal-resolution precipitable water vapour (PWV). Accordingly, this study generates an hourly PWV dataset for 272 ground-based International Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations over the period of 2005–2016 using the zenith troposphere delay (ZTD) derived from global-scale GNSS observation. The root mean square (RMS) of the hourly ZTD obtained from the IGS tropospheric product is approximately 4 mm. A fifth-generation reanalysis dataset of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF ERA5) is used to obtain hourly surface temperature (T) and pressure (P), which are first validated with GNSS synoptic station data and radiosonde data, respectively. Then, T and P are used to calculate the water vapour-weighted atmospheric mean temperature (Tm) and zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD), respectively. T and P at the GNSS stations are obtained via an interpolation in the horizontal and vertical directions using the grid-based ERA5 reanalysis dataset. Here, Tm is calculated using a neural network model, whereas ZHD is obtained using an empirical Saastamoinen model. The RMS values of T and P at the collocated 693 radiosonde stations are 1.6 K and 3.1 hPa, respectively. Therefore, the theoretical error of PWV caused by the errors in ZTD, T and P is on the order of approximately 2.1 mm. A practical comparison experiment is performed using 97 collocated radiosonde stations and 23 GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. The RMS and bias of the hourly PWV dataset are 2.87/?0.16 and 2.45/0.55 mm, respectively, when compared with radiosonde and GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. Additionally, preliminary analysis of the hourly PWV dataset during the EI Niño event of 2014–2016 further indicates the capability of monitoring the daily changes in atmospheric water vapour. This finding is interesting and significant for further climate research.     

BeiDou-3 orbit and clock quality of the IGS Multi-GNSS Pilot Project

Within the Multi-GNSS Pilot Project (MGEX) of the International GNSS Service (IGS), precise orbit and clock products for the BeiDou-3 global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) are routinely generated by a total of five analysis centers. The processing standards and specific properties of the individual products are reviewed and the BDS-3 orbit and clock product performance is assessed through direct inter-comparison, satellite laser ranging (SLR) residuals, clock stability analysis, and precise point positioning solutions. The orbit consistency evaluated by the signal-in-space range error is on the level of 4–8 cm for the medium Earth orbit satellites whereas SLR residuals have RMS values between 3 and 9 cm. The clock analysis reveals sytematic effects related to the elevation of the Sun above the orbital plane for all ACs pointing to deficiencies in solar radiation pressure modeling. Nevertheless, precise point positioning with the BDS-3 MGEX orbit and clock products results in 3D RMS values between 7 and 8 mm.     

Assessment of the NeQuick model at mid-latitudes using GNSS TEC and ionosonde data

The modelling of the total electron content (TEC) plays an important role in global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) accuracy, especially for single-frequency receivers, the most common ones constituting the mass market. For the latter and in the framework of Galileo, the NeQuick model has been chosen for correcting the ionospheric error contribution and will be integrated into a global algorithm providing the users with daily updated information.     

基于变步长LMS算法的IMU信号降噪研究

针对遥测系统小型化惯性测量单元惯性敏感元件精度较低,随机噪声较大的情况,研究基于变步长LMS自适应滤波技术的IMU信号实时降噪问题.算法通过实时递推得到失调误差和输入信号的互相关系数估值,利用估值实现算法的变步长控制,克服了固定步长NLMS滤波在收敛速度、跟踪能力和稳态精度之间的矛盾,具有收敛速度快、稳态精度高、动态信...     

带移动负载海上浮筒系统运动响应特性初步研究

将某类海上自动作业系统简化为带移动负载的浮筒系统,其中负载简化为外径为180mm、约50kg重的柱型体,浮筒为外径533mm的圆筒;初步设计了浮筒系统的主参数。在此基础上,采用频域数值模拟计算,获得了浮筒自由状态下的固有周期和运动响应传递函数(RAO);再采用时域模拟方法,预报了3级海况下(JONSWAP谱)浮筒系统整体的运动响应特性,给出了运动响应幅值、最小干舷高度等特性参数,可为相关装备设计提供技术参考和借鉴。