高超声速飞行器非线性纵向运动稳定性研究

针对研究高超声速飞行器飞行动力学稳定性时忽略方程非线性影响的问题,建立了保留非线性特征的六自由度动力学方程组和非线性活塞理论耦合模型。研究了初始迎角和活塞理论非线性项对高超声速飞行器纵向稳定性的影响,并在稳定巡航中施加瞬时扰动,分析其姿态响应。仿真结果表明:高超声速飞行器姿态收敛速度比常规低速飞行器慢很多;对迎角施加扰动后,飞行器姿态变化主要影响短周期模态,且偏离平衡位置越远,收敛越快;改变气动力非线性项时,其姿态变化主要影响长周期模态,且收敛较慢;两种扰动均对振荡周期无明显影响。     

Periodic atomization characteristics of simplex swirl injector induced by klystron effect

The atomization dynamic characteristics of a simplex swirl injector was investigated experimentally by using a hydrodynamic mechanical pulsator and the shadow photography technique. The frequency response characteristics of the fluid film and atomization fluctuations and their correlations with pressure fluctuations were obtained by using an in-house code of image processing. It is demonstrated that the klystron effect induced by periodic pressure fluctuations results in periodic liquid film fluctuation with large amplitudes, periodic superposition of droplets and reduction of the breakup length. It was found that the atomization of the simplex swirl injector only responds to the pressure fluctuation in frequency range approximately from 0 to 300 Hz, and it is particularly sensitive to pressure fluctuations at frequencies from 100 to 200 Hz. According to this experiment, the responsive frequency limitation is merely affected by injector configuration, rather than the supply line.     

气动阀门颤振的局部稳定与全局稳定特性

基于修正的库仑摩擦力模型,理论分析了气动阀门的非线性稳定特性,提出了阀门颤振的不稳定、局部稳定及全局稳定区域,定性解释了阀门在局部稳定区域颤振的必然性与偶然性;并针对某型号用保险阀,构建了基于AMESim的保险阀系统仿真模型,通过线性及非线性稳定性仿真分析,获得了该保险阀系统的局部稳定、全局稳定特性及库仑摩擦力对稳定性的影响特性,在此基础上,开展了不同摩擦力条件、扰动条件下的保险阀系统非线性稳定特性的试验研究,结果表明:对于非线性阀门系统,在局部稳定区域会存在小扰动稳定、大扰动不稳定的状态,从仿真角度解释了该保险阀系统在通气试验保持稳定而在通气振动试验中却发生明显颤振的现象;同时,库仑摩擦力增加可有效提升保险阀的系统稳定性及抗扰动能力,试验结果验证了保险阀非线性稳定性分析结果的有效性。      

CH4/正癸烷混合燃料燃烧特性

为研究CH4/正癸烷混合燃料的燃烧特性及燃烧稳定性,在定容燃烧弹中测量了初始压力为0.1MPa、初始温度为420K、当量比范围为0.8~1.5和甲烷摩尔分数为0~0.8时CH4/正癸烷混合燃料的火焰扩散速度、拉伸火焰传播速度、马克斯坦长度、无拉伸火焰传播速度和层流燃烧速度等,分析了甲烷摩尔分数对马克斯坦长度及层流燃烧速度等的影响。结果表明:当量比为1.3时,随着甲烷摩尔分数的增加,火焰发展末期,前锋面由网格形胞状结构发展为光滑球面,火焰稳定性增强;甲烷摩尔分数增加导致混合燃料马克斯坦长度随当量比增加而减小的趋势变慢,实验研究范围存在临界当量比,当量比小于1.2时,甲烷摩尔分数为0.8的混合燃料燃烧稳定性较差,而当量比大于1.2时,甲烷摩尔分数为0.8的混合燃料燃烧稳定性较好;当量比在1.0~1.3范围内,甲烷摩尔分数为0.2和0.4的混合燃料层流燃烧速度较快,而在实验测量当量比范围,甲烷摩尔分数为0.8的混合燃料层流燃烧速度较慢。      

北斗导航接收机频率稳定度传递算法

为了提高北斗导航接收机的灵敏度,提升其弱信号跟踪能力,通常需要利用长时间的相干积分来提高环路信噪比。但是,当相干积分时间加长到一定程度时,环路性能反而有所下降,信噪比提升也不能达到理论值。针对由剩余频率误差和晶振误差引起的相干积分能量损失问题,主要研究了频率偏差对环路跟踪性能的影响,并提出了利用频率稳定度传递策略辅助弱信号跟踪的方法,解决了北斗导航接收机弱信号跟踪性能提升的问题,最大程度地改善了相干积分的效果,实现了对弱信号的跟踪。利用软件接收机平台对提出的频率稳定度传递算法进行验证,仿真结果表明该算法可使环路信噪比提升4dB ~5dB,充分说明了其可行性及有效性。     

高温合金中MC碳化物晶体生长的稳定性

 利用球扰动对晶体球扩散生长模型的稳定性进行分析,把球模型的球半径转化为曲率半径的概念,进而讨论高温合金中的MC八面体碳化物晶体在高温熔体中生长的稳定性,并分析出所观察到的MC碳化物八面体枝臂形态。     

半球谐振陀螺在平台惯性系统中的应用研究

半球谐振陀螺作为新型振动陀螺, 具有长寿命、长稳定期、高精度等优 点,能显著提高惯性系统的性能。讨论了半球谐振陀螺的特点,分析了其误差模型,研 究了半球谐振陀螺在平台惯性系统的应用技术和方法,重点介绍了基于半球谐振陀螺的 平台稳定回路、框架归零回路和调平锁定回路设计,并通过试验样机进行了试验验证。     

Optimization and analysis of winglet configuration for solar aircraft

Installing winglets can notably improve the aerodynamic performance of solar aircraft. This paper proposes a multi-constraints optimization method of winglets for solar aircraft, aiming to enhance the corresponding uninterrupted cruising capability. An optimization objective function is formed and is separately studied in aerodynamic and structural terms. Qualitative analysis shows that the winglet design parameters are restricted by four special constraints (geometry, aerodynamics, energy and stability) of solar aircraft. The optimization process is constructed on the basis of a multi-island genetic algorithm, and carried out for a 15 m wingspan solar aircraft. Although the designed winglet is not as good as the traditional winglet in terms of drag and structural weight, the designed winglet provides a better 24 h cruising capability. The sensitivity between the objective function and the design parameters is investigated, and the winglet effects vary with respect to the wing aspect ratio (AR = 10, 15, 19.6). The effect of the constraints is analysed quantitatively, and some basic laws are obtained. Moreover, the feasible design region and the possible optimal design parameters of winglets for different wing configurations are explored. The calculation results show that when the aspect ratio exceeds a certain value, the winglets will not benefit the aircraft.     

某型飞机高亚声速大迎角横向静稳定性改善研究

根据某型飞机存在的高亚声速大迎角横向静不稳定性问题,分析了出现该问题的原因,提出了解决问题的方法与措施,最后通过风洞试验验证,以较小的代价成功地解决了飞机的高亚声速大迎角横向静不稳定性问题,保证了飞机在正常使用范围内的飞行安全。     

加工误差对压气机叶栅气动性能及稳定性影响的数据挖掘

为缓解加工误差影响评估过程中的"维数灾难",结合展向平均假设和基于高斯过程的Karhunen-Loève展开,提出了一种由法向加工误差导致的三维叶片表面几何不确定性降阶模型.通过给定加工误差分布的标准差函数求解几何不确定性降阶模型,并运用伪蒙特卡洛方法随机生成样本,最终训练人工神经网络预测了加工误差对高负荷直叶栅气动性...