Godunov型显式大时间步长格式研究进展

综述了Godunov型显式大时间步长格式的研究进展。首先介绍了显式大时间步长格式的概念、分类和优势。然后重点阐述了Godunov型显式大时间步长格式的构造方法、高阶精度推广方法、多维问题推广方法和收敛特性、分辨率及计算效率等性能，展示了其在典型问题中的应用和验证。最后给出了Godunov型显式大时间步长格式研究进一步可能的发展方向。     

一种用于同步静止卫星监测的微型VLBI网

针对地球静止轨道（GEO）卫星全天时全天候高精度的监测需求，考虑传统甚长基线干涉（VLBI）测站高成本、高投入和GEO卫星专用观测时段有限等制约条件，研发了简易型VLBI观测系统，并组建了包括上海、都匀和乌鲁木齐三站的微型VLBI网（micro VLBI network，MVN），开展了并置站测试以及对GEO卫星亚太6C的连续监测，并评估了当前MVN的观测能力。结果表明MVN扣除系统差后的单站接收精度为2ns，各基线观测时延拟后残差约几纳秒，GEO目标实测位置精度为百米级（内外符精度分别约100m和400m）。不同于传统VLBI和其他GEO监测手段，MVN还具备全天时、全天候、低造价、易布设及易推广等特点，充分表明了其在GEO卫星监测领域的应用价值。     

Motion equations of hemispherical resonator and analysis of frequency split caused by slight mass non-uniformity

The mass non-uniformity of hemispherical resonator is one of reasons for frequency split, and frequency split can cause gyroscope to drift. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the relationship between mass non-uniformity and frequency split, which can provide a theoretical basis for mass balance of imperfect resonator. The starting point of error mechanism analysis for gyroscope is the motion equations of resonator. Firstly, based on the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis in the elastic thin shell theory, the geometric deformation equations of resonator are deduced. Secondly, the deformation energy equation of resonator is derived according to the vibration mode and relationship between the stress and strain of hemispherical thin shell. Thirdly, the kinetic energy equation of resonator is deduced by the Coriolis theorem. Finally, the motion equations of resonator are established by the Lagrange mechanics principle. The theoretical values of precession factor and natural frequency are calculated by the motion equations, which are substantially consistent with the ones by the finite element method and practical measurement, the errors are within a reasonable range. Simultaneously, the varying trend of natural frequency with respect to the geometrical and physical parameters of resonator by the motion equations is consistent with that by the finite element analysis. The above conclusions prove the correctness and rationality of motion equations. Similarly, the motion equations of resonator with mass non-uniformity are established by the same modeling method in case of ignoring the input angular rate and damping, and the state equations with respect to the velocity and displacement of vibration system are derived, then two natural frequencies are solved by the characteristic equation. It is concluded that one of reasons for frequency split is the 4th harmonic of mass non-uniformity, and thus much attention should be paid to minimizing the 4th harmonic of mass non-uniformity in the course of mass balancing for imperfect resonator.     

带有时间约束的再入滑翔轨迹设计

为了满足飞行器协同飞行任务需求，本文研究了带有时间约束的再入滑翔轨迹设计方法。首先，建立了合理假设条件下的再入滑翔运动模型，并且提出了一种再入滑翔轨迹分段方法。其次，针对不同飞行段特点及任务需求，分别设计了各段导引律。其中，重点推导了滑翔段飞行剩余时间和剩余航程的解析解，将剩余飞行时间与末制导交班点速度建立对应关系，运用解析预测-校正思想，通过在时间调整段和能量调整段调节倾侧角翻转时机和幅值，同时满足末端能量和时间约束。最后，通过理论分析与仿真校验说明了本方法的有效性及鲁棒性。     

一种新型的用于深空高动态微弱信号载波跟踪环

分析了深空通信中高动态微弱信号载波跟踪方法，提出并分析了载波跟踪中状态方程非线性与量测方程的非线性取舍问题，分析了滤波过程中影响高动态与低信噪比的决定因素，给出了两个推论，提出了强跟踪算法的必要性。并以此选择了以传统卡尔曼滤波（KF）为基础，以锁相环（FLL）、无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）为辅助使用两种工作模式来应对不同环境。针对组合跟踪环路状态转换过渡易出现的频率阶跃问题，给出新型环路的工作模式及切换门限的数学表达式，在环路中添加计算判别器，实时控制环路输出的同时不浪费计算力地剔除了野值，提高了环路稳定性。仿真表明，该新型环路算法与现有的算法相比有很好的低信噪高动态适应能力，消除了切换峰值，剔除了野值。     

Cooperative guidance strategy for multiple hypersonic gliding vehicles system

Cooperative guidance strategy for multiple hypersonic gliding vehicles system with flight constraints and cooperative constraints is investigated. This paper mainly cares about the coordination of the entry glide flight phase and driving-down phase. Different from the existing results, both the attack time and the attack angle constraints are considered simultaneously. Firstly, for the entry glide flight phase, a two-stage method is proposed to achieve the rapid cooperative trajectories planning, where the control signal corridors are designed based on the quasi-equilibrium gliding conditions. In the first stage, the bank angle curve is optimized to achieve the attack angle coordination. In the second stage, the angle of attack curve is optimized to achieve the attack time coordination. The optimized parameters can be obtained by the secant method. Secondly, for the driving-down phase, the cooperative terminal guidance law is designed where the terminal attack time and attack angle are considered. The guidance law is then transformed into the bank angle and angle of attack commands. The cooperative guidance strategy is summarized as an algorithm. Finally, a numerical simulation example with three hypersonic gliding vehicles is provided for revealing the effectiveness of the acquired strategy and algorithm.     

氧气/醇类燃气发生器启动过程试验研究

对氧气/醇类燃气发生器进行了热态试验,对启动过程进行了描述和分析,并引入点火时间和着火延迟两个参数深入研究了燃气发生器的启动规律。研究表明,燃烧室流量密度的增加对燃气发生器的点火时间影响不大,但会引起着火延迟的明显增加;时序中氧气与燃料两种组元进入燃烧室的时刻对启动过程有较大的影响,二者存在一个最优的时间间隔,可以保证燃气发生器快速、平稳、安全的启动。     

一种VLBI数字基带转换器的设计与研究

数字基带转换器在VLBI系统中主要完成中频信号的基带转换和频段选择,文中采用频域抽取和邻信道合并技术设计一种VLBI数字基带转换器。采用该方法设计的转换器具有比较平坦的通带特性和较大的阻带衰减,能够方便地实现带宽的动态变化。文中对频域抽取进行理论推导论证,并根据邻信道合并的条件,详细说明了原型低通滤波器的设计方法,最后通过仿真验证了新方法的有效性。     

嵌入维数自适应最小二乘支持向量机状态时间序列预测方法

 针对航空发动机状态时间序列预测中嵌入维数难于有效选取的问题,提出一种基于嵌入维数自适应最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的预测方法。该方法将嵌入维数作为影响状态时间序列预测精度的重?问?以交叉验证误差为评价准则,利用粒子群优化（PSO）进化搜索LSSVM预测模型的最优超参数与嵌入维数,同时通过矩阵变换原理提高交叉验证过程的计算效率,并最终建立优化后的LSSVM预测模型。航空发动机排气温度（EGT）预测实例表明,该方法可自适应选取适用于状态时间序列预测的最优嵌入维数且预测精度高,适用于航空发动机状态时间序列预测。     

CPAFC辅助判决反馈环的一种具体实现方案

对叉积自动频率控制算法(CPAFC)进行了研究,该算法常用来辅助载波抑制环来实现对大频偏信号的跟踪,而叉积自动频率控制算法在频偏估计的过程中,往往会造成一定的系统时延。针对这个问题,本文给出了一种解决方法,在此基础上提出了一种CPAFC辅助判决反馈环的具体实现方案。仿真结果表明,这种方案在保持一定同步精度的同时,极大地缩短了系统延时。