结冰飞机着陆阶段飞行安全包线确定及操纵应对策略

结冰会导致飞行安全包线收缩、严重威胁飞行安全,研究结冰后安全包线变化对于操纵应对策略设计及提高飞行安全具有重要意义。以美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的项目飞机GTM（Generic Transport Model）为研究对象,通过对飞机的气动参数进行多项式拟合,建立了结冰飞机纵向通道的动力学模型。为了得到能随结冰程度变化的安全包线,将可达性分析理论引入到对结冰飞机着陆过程的安全性分析。提出将正向可达集与反向可达集的交集作为飞行安全包线,其中可达集的确定是基于水平集方法求解哈密尔顿-雅克比方程的最优解。最后针对不同程度的结冰条件进行了操纵时域验证,并提出了相应的操纵控制策略。研究结果表明,轻度结冰对安全包线影响较小,整个着陆过程的飞行状态始终能在最优控制指导下保持在安全包线以内;但对于重度结冰,飞行安全包线收缩严重,常规操纵已经很难使飞机达到着陆要求,需要进行飞行状态改出处理。研究结果为指导飞行操纵及实时包线保护打下基础。     

径向磁气组合轴承系统的动态性能

为探究磁轴承失效时能否减轻转子跌落带来的损害,将人字槽径向动压气体轴承引入磁轴承转子系统,研究磁气组合轴承对系统动态性能的影响和动压气体轴承的支承特性。采用有限差分法和小扰动法求解气膜厚度方程和雷诺方程,研究动压气体轴承的静动态特性。对磁轴承电磁力进行了分析,采用磁轴承不完全微分PID（比例-积分-微分）控制策略,对系统进行了理论模态分析和试验模态分析,完成了系统高速旋转试验,测试了动压气体轴承在不同偏心率和转速下的承载力。结果表明,引入动压气体轴承可提高系统的动态性能,在磁轴承失效造成高速转子跌落瞬间,偏心率趋近于1,两个径向动压气体轴承能够产生较大承载力,减轻转子跌落造成的损害。      

基于放大因子与Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型的转捩预测

为了验证放大因子输运方程与Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)湍流模型耦合对转捩现象的模拟精度,选取Schubauer and Klebanoff(S-K)平板、S809低速翼型、30p30n多段翼型以及复杂的三维HiLiftPW-1构型进行自由转捩计算,并将计算结果与实验进行比较分析,其中针对S809算例,还与Langtry-Menter(L-M)转捩模型进行了比较.算例结果表明:放大因子输运方程与S-A湍流模型的耦合能够较好的捕捉转捩位置以及转捩发展过程,对分离泡诱导的转捩的模拟相比L-M转捩模型更精确,转捩位置的捕捉精度提升了10%;对比实验,多段翼转捩位置的捕捉误差最大为6.5%;针对三维高升力增升构型,以实验作为参考,全湍流计算与考虑边界层转捩的对比显示考虑边界层转捩能够更加精确的模拟气动力系数,升力和表面摩擦阻力系数的模拟精度精度提升1%.      

Fractional order tension control for stable and fast tethered satellite retrieval

The retrieval of a tethered satellite system is intrinsically unstable. This paper develops a new control strategy to retrieve the tethered satellite system stably and quickly using the fractional order control theory. The governing equation of the tethered satellite system and classic linear feedback tension control law were first reviewed and examined as a benchmark. Then, a new fractional order tension control law has been to avoid the tethered satellite winds around the main satellite near the end of retrieval by existing integer order tension control laws. The newly proposed control law has been discretized and implemented by the Laplace transform and Tustin operator. Unlike the existing integer order control laws, which are based on the feedback of current state and memoryless, the fractional order control law has the memory of previous states and thus controls the tether retrieval more smoothly while maintaining the retrieving speed. The effectiveness and advantage of the new fractional order tension control law is demonstrated numerically by comparing with its integer order counterpart. The results show that the new control law not only retrieves the subsatellite without winding around the main satellite, but also provides a better control performance with smaller in-plane libration angles.     

叶片全三维反问题优化设计方法

基于数值求解Navier-Stokes方程,对叶轮机械叶片全三维反问题优化设计方法进行研究.反问题给定叶片表面的静压分布反求叶型,假设叶表网格点有虚拟移动速度,迭代过程中根据叶表的实际静压和目标静压之差来修改叶型.对单排叶栅进行了反问题设计,并给出了初步的优化算例,结果能很好地满足目标静压分布,验证了该方法的有效性,计算的时间和精度也适合进行工程应用.      

Ion-acoustic waves in unmagnetized collisionless weakly relativistic plasma of warm-ion and isothermal-electron using time-fractional KdV equation

Collisionless unmagnetized plasma consisting of a mixture of warm ion-fluid and isothermal-electron is considered, assuming that the ion flow velocity has a weak relativistic effect. The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation for small – but finite-amplitude electrostatic ion-acoustic waves in this plasma. The semi-inverse method and Agrawal’s method lead to the Euler–Lagrange equation that leads to the time fractional KdV equation. The variational-iteration method given by He is used to solve the derived time fractional KdV equation. The calculations show that the fractional order may play the same rule of higher order dissipation in KdV equation to modulate the soliton wave amplitude in the plasma system. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some plasma environments, such as space-plasmas, laser-plasma interaction, plasma sheet boundary layer of the earth’s magnetosphere, solar atmosphere and interplanetary space.     

射频干扰对InSAR干涉处理的影响分析

窄带干扰是低频段InSAR系统面临的主要射频干扰之一,它的存在会对干涉相位产生严重影响,进而导致高程反演误差。本文推导了窄带干扰影响下的InSAR干涉相位的解析表达式,给出了干涉相位对窄带干扰各参数的敏感度方程,仿真分析了窄带干扰对P波段InSAR系统干涉处理的影响。结果表明,窄带干扰经过成像后其幅度调制函数近似为方位时间的sinc函数,在SAR图像中表现为沿距离向的干扰条带。干涉相位对窄带干扰信号的功率较敏感,对其频率较不敏感,干涉相位和高程反演误差随着干信比的增加而增加。     

电推力器中复杂电场求解的超松弛并行算法

目前,电推力器中复杂电场的三维泊松方程求解仍存在速度偏慢、并行性欠佳等缺陷。通过分解三维求解区域,针对复杂电场提出一种超松弛并行迭代算法。将求解区域划分为多个子块,利用超松弛迭代格式构造出若干分组显式格式,分别给出不同迭代步数下的求解方程以进行并行计算。通过数值模拟,计算时间至少缩短一半以上,该P SOR方法较传统迭代格式在快速性方面取得较大进展,对电推进领域的数值仿真研究起到促进作用。     

刚弹耦合动力学初值问题拟变分原理及其应用

刚弹耦合动力学在国防和民用经济建设中有着广阔的应用前景,但目前还没有完全成熟的理论研究成果。鉴于此,针对刚弹耦合特性,建立初值问题拟变分原理;应用变分方法,推导拟变分原理的拟驻值条件,即得到刚弹耦合动力学的控制方程;给出刚弹耦合动力学初值问题拟变分原理应用的2个算例,1个是应用控制方程求得自由梁的奇数阶振型的解析解,1个是应用变分直接方法 Ritz方法求得自由梁的偶数阶振型的解析解。研究表明,刚弹耦合动力学初值问题拟变分原理为建立有限元计算模型提供了依据。