基于H∞最优化与层次结构动态逆的非线性飞行控制器设计

针对扰动环境下的导弹飞行控制问题提出一种基于H∞最优化与层次结构动态逆(HSDI)的鲁棒非线性控制方法.设计层次结构动态逆控制器时将层次结构优化为3层,并按照时标分离的思想调整了各层次的状态变量,使得控制器更为简洁.在此基础上,将层次结构动态逆控制器与导弹6自由度(DOF)非线性模型联合作为H..控制的广义被控对象,通...     

基于验后概率的Bayesian序贯方差检验技术（I）

对于正态分布参数的检验,包括期望μ与方差σ2,是航空航天装备可靠性与精度分析工程中比较关心的问题。尤其是对方差的检验,是装备试验与评价分析的一项非常重要的内容。论文基于验后概率和“小概率事件原理”,对复杂假设条件下,σ2的Bayesian序贯检验,提出了基于Bayesian验后概率的序贯方差检验的基本假设,建立了BSVT模型,设计了临界值的求解算法,并对“强制”截尾条件下的假设检验判决准则进行了论述。最后,结合实例对BSVT的求解与应用进行了说明。     

仪表飞行程序运行安全性评价模型与仿真分析

为对飞行程序设计与运行的安全性进行定量分析,需建立评价指标测度模型。从超障安全和飞行冲突风险水平两方面分析了影响飞行程序安全性的主要因素,提出了飞行程序运行的近地风险模型、飞行程序运行交通流内部以及不同飞行程序运行交通流之间的冲突强度和累计风险模型。以实际的进离场飞行程序为例开展仿真实验,提出了安全指标量化分析的方法,揭示了飞行程序构型、布局等影响安全性的规律。实验结果表明,该模型能客观地反映飞行程序安全性且有计算简便的特点。     

一种新型航班延误组合预测模型

为了克服单一的航班延误预测模型在预报时的缺陷,在分析航班延误的特点的情况下,提出了一种基于危险模式和灰色预测组合的新型航班延误预测的方法。对这两种预测方法的结果采用加权组合预测的方式来预测航班延误的趋势变化,预测结果是单一预测模型的加权和,加权系数动态确定。最后通过国内的某枢纽机场的航班延误情况进行了验证。实验表明该模型可以不受某一较差的预测模型影响,从而有较好的预测效果。     

平台惯导系统飞行试验性能误差分析

针对某型平台式惯导系统试飞中存在的性能超差现象,对惯导系统误差机理和飞行数据进行了分析,提出了影响飞行性能的误差因素。根据分析结果,从提高惯性元件精度和对相关误差进行标定和补偿两方面采取措施对惯导系统进行改进。改进后的惯导系统经过试飞验证,其性能满足设计指标,表明所采取的改进措施有效可行。     

飞行器轨迹优化方法综述

飞行器轨迹优化是飞行器总体设计的关键环节,特别是在现代空间飞行器和高超声速飞行器设计过程中发挥着重要作用.在全面调研国内外现有轨迹优化技术的基础上,提出了飞行器轨迹优化新的分类方式,概述了多种飞行器轨迹优化的原理和应用,并详细分析了各自的优缺点和发展趋势.最后介绍了现在实际应用的多种轨迹优化软件.     

飞行器管理系统需求

飞行器管理系统(VMS)将飞行、推进控制与相关的公管系统综合.飞行器管理系统的概念为性能改善带来了巨大的好处,同时对可靠性、维修性和保障性有重大改善.未来高性能的飞机将具有多操纵面/效应器以保证机动性,利用飞行/推进综合控制实现性能收益.随着更多系统的参与,综合设计的难度会增加.为确保VMS的实际应用,需要明确其计算和...     

在轨服务的相对运动耦合动力学建模与分析

研究在轨服务航天器逼近与捕获目标航天器的相对轨道姿态耦合动力学建模问题。考虑航天器姿态与对接位置的运动耦合,建立目标运行在任意轨道下的相对轨道姿态耦合动力学模型,并对模型中的运动耦合进行深入分析。设计一种非线性的输出反馈姿态控制律,将建立耦合动力学模型与CW方程进行仿真比较,验证轨道与姿态的运动耦合对两航天器对接点之间相对位置的运动影响。     

DEMETER卫星探测到的强震前O^＋浓度变化

利用DEMETER卫星观测数据,采用level-2图像目视解译的方法和重访轨道对比方法,对2006年5月3日发生在汤加群岛的7．9级地震进行分析．从震前6天、震前2天、震前1天和震后2天的level-2图像可看到,电场和等离子体参量在震中上空偏北的位置出现扰动信号,震前的扰动信号幅度随地震时间临近有所增强,扰动持续时间也相应增加;震后2天扰动信号依然存在,其幅度并未减弱．通过对比震前1天的轨道在2006年至2008年内的重访轨道,发现O^＋浓度存在三类较规律的变化特征,即在夏季时,北半球的值高于南半球;冬季时则相反;二分季节时,南北半球含量相当．本文给出了地震和磁暴对O^＋浓度的不同影响,地震影响最靠近震中位置轨道上的O^＋浓度,而磁暴影响全球轨道上O^＋浓度分布．同时获取了DEMETER卫星上朗缪尔探针在上述重访轨道同步探测的电子浓度数据,发现电子浓度与O^＋浓度存在同步增加．等离子体浓度增加的现象可能与地震产生异常电场进而影响电离层结构有关．     

Feasibility of performing space surveillance tasks with a proposed space-based optical architecture

Under ESA contract an industrial consortium including Aboa Space Research Oy (ASRO), the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB), and the Dutch National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR), proposed the observation concept, developed a suitable sensor architecture, and assessed the performance of a space-based optical (SBO) telescope in 2005. The goal of the SBO study was to analyse how the existing knowledge gap in the space debris population in the millimetre and centimetre regime may be closed by means of a passive optical instrument. The SBO instrument was requested to provide statistical information on the space debris population in terms of number of objects and size distribution. The SBO instrument was considered to be a cost-efficient with 20 cm aperture and 6° field-of-view and having flexible integration requirements. It should be possible to integrate the SBO instrument easily as a secondary payload on satellites launched into low-Earth orbits (LEO), or into geostationary orbit (GEO). Thus the selected mission concept only allowed for fix-mounted telescopes, and the pointing direction could be requested freely. Since 2007 ESA focuses space surveillance and tracking activities in the Space Situational Awareness (SSA) preparatory program. Ground-based radars and optical telescopes are studied for the build-up and maintenance of a catalogue of objects. In this paper we analyse how the proposed SBO architecture could contribute to the space surveillance tasks survey and tracking. We assume that the SBO instrumentation is placed into a circular sun-synchronous orbit at 800 km altitude. We discuss the observation conditions of objects at higher altitude, and select an orbit close to the terminator plane. A pointing of the sensor orthogonal to the orbital plane with optimal elevation slightly in positive direction (0° and +5°) is found optimal for accessing the entire GEO regime within one day, implying a very good coverage of controlled objects in GEO, too. Simulations using ESA’s Program for Radar and Optical Observation Forecasting (PROOF) in the version 2005 and a GEO reference population extracted from DISCOS revealed that the proposed pointing scenario provides low phase angles together with low angular velocities of the objects crossing the field-of-view. Radiometric simulations show that the optimal exposure time is 1–2 s, and that spherical objects in GEO with a diameter of below 1 m can be detected. The GEO population can be covered under proper illumination nearly completely, but seasonal drops of the coverage are possible. Subsequent observations of objects are on average at least every 1.5 days, not exceeding 3 days at maximum. A single observation arc spans 3° to 5° on average. Using a simulation environment that connects PROOF to AIUB’s program system CelMech we verify the consistency of the initial orbit determination for five selected test objects on subsequent days as a function of realistic astrometric noise levels. The initial orbit determination is possible. We define requirements for a correlator process essential for catalogue build-up and maintenance. Each single observation should provide an astrometric accuracy of at least 1”–1.5” so that the initially determined orbits are consistent within a few hundred kilometres for the semi-major axis, 0.01 for the eccentricity, and 0.1° for the inclination.