突扩后突缩的三维流场计算

根据有关固体火箭发动机装药后端到喷管间的空间特征,对三维突扩后突缩内部流场计算进行了探索和研究。计算中成功地应用了SIMPLE算法解决复杂的三维流场计算问题,并在初场构成、源项离散及松弛系数的选取等方面都进行了调试改进。通过建立计算模型、划分网格、对方程及边界条件离散化和非线性处理,以及线性方程组求解等,计算得到了符合物理规律的数值解,指出了空间涡及二次涡的存在。     

三维侧面突扩燃烧室冷态气流场的数值模拟

本文对四侧30°进气并带有进气管道和尾喷口的突扩燃烧室冷态气流场进行了数值模拟.对这种复杂非规则边界的计算区域,首次采用分段算法进行计算.结果表明:分段算法可以提高网络利用率,缩短机时,消除虚假扩散,提高计算准确度,计算结果与试验结果基本符合.     

腰形柱壳的有限条元解

本文用考虑了曲率影响的两结线低阶有限板条元分析了腰形柱壳的力学性能这种条元位移参数少,能较好地体现壳体的几何特性。     

飞机主起落架的光弹性应力分析

讨论了用光弹性嵌片法（一种新的模型试验方法）进行飞机主起落架的实验应力分析。采用该方法解决了传统光弹性贴片法中的贴片增强效应问题，避免了在贴片边界，因泊松比不匹配引起的误差，从而提高了测试灵敏度。实验应力分析选用了与实物尺寸相同的模型试件，克服了模型制作过程中遇到的许多困难。该方法在一套试验模型上能够直观地进行多种载荷状态下主起落架表面应力场的分析比较，为主起落架结构优化设计方案提供了试验依据，故具有广泛的应用前景．测试数据的计算校核表明，试验结果是可信的，可作为主起落架结构减重修型的重要试验依据。关键词     

后向台阶层流分离剪切层特性研究

应用激光测速仪对生向台阶层流边界层分离产生的剪切层在再附前的发展进行了测量，得到了时均速度、湍流强度及剪切层厚度等的分布特性，并研究了来流湍流度对台阶后流场湍强度分布及剪切层发展的影响，实验中发现台阶后有一个流速降低的区域，对此从涡动力学的角度作了解释。     

复合材料层合残余应力实验研究

取单向板90°试样用DMA法测出的玻璃化温度T_(?)为应力释放温度,用应变片包埋法测定了玻纤/648环氧复合材料单向试样与对称正交层板的热应变,用经典层板理论处理实验结果,实验值与理论值吻合;结果还表明,一般意义上的复合材料内的层合残余应力与制造过程中复合材料内的残余应力应作区别。     

多机并联火箭羽流流场及其底部热环境分析

For the problem that the plume flow field structure of a multi engine parallel rocket is complicated and the bottom thermal environment is extremely harsh, which may cause the failure of the engine structural components, the plume flow field and thermal environment at different altitudes are studied through numerical simulation. The result is compared with the measured results in flight which shows that when the rocket is flying at a low altitude, the plume of the engines do not interfere with each other. As the flight altitude increases, the plumes gradually expand and begin to interfere with each other, and finally there is an obvious backflow at the bottom of the rocket. The maximum heat flux at the moment of take off is basically the same as the measured value in flight. Before the backflow occurs, the heat flux mainly consists of radiant heat, the convective heat flow increases as the flight altitude grows, but it is also much smaller than the peak heat flow at takeoff. The result has certain guiding significance for the optimal design of engine structure thermal protection.     

Electrochemical trepanning with uniform electrolyte flow around the entire blade profile

In the traditional machining process for diffusers, blades are easily deformed, and methods suffer from high tool wear and low efficiency. Electrochemical machining(ECM) possesses unique advantages when applied to these difficult-to-machine materials. In the ECM process, theflow field plays a crucial role. Here, an electrolyte flow mode that supplies uniform flow around the entire blade profile was adopted for electrochemical trepanning of diffusers. Various flow rates were employed to obtain the optimal flow field. Simulations were conducted using ANSYS software, and results indicated that increasing the flow rate substantially afforded a more uniform flowfield. A series of experiments was then performed, and results revealed that increasing the flow rate greatly improved both the machining efficiency and the surface quality of the diffusers. The maximum feeding rate of the cathode reached 4 mm/min, the blade taper of the concave part decreased to 0.02, and the blade roughness was reduced to 1.216 lm. The results of this study demonstrated the high feasibility of this method and its potential for machining other complex components for engineering applications.     

Aerodynamic performance enhancement for flapping airfoils by co-flow jet

Introducing active flow control into the design of flapping wing is an effective way to enhance its aerodynamic performance. In this paper, a novel active flow control technology called Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) is applied to flapping airfoils. The effect of CFJ on aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoils at low Reynolds number is numerically investigated using Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation with Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. Numerical methods are validated by a NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil case and a S809 pitching airfoil case. Then NACA6415 baseline airfoil and NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil with jet-off and jet-on are simulated in flapping motion, with Reynolds number 70,000 and reduced frequency 0.2. As a result, CFJ airfoils with jet-on generally have better lift and thrust characteristics than baseline airfoils and jet-off airfoil when C_μ is greater than 0.04, which results from the CFJ effect of reducing flow separation by injecting high-energy fluid into boundary layer. Besides, typical kinematic and geometric parameters, including the reduced frequency and the positions of the suction and injection slot, are systematically studied to figure out their influence on aerodynamic performance of the CFJ airfoil. And a variable C_μ jet control strategy is proposed to further improve effective propulsive efficiency. Compared with using constant C_μ, an increase of effective propulsive efficiency by 22.6% has been achieved by using prescribed variable C_μ for NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil at frequency 0.2. This study may provide some guidance to performance enhancement for Flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FMAV).     

纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系

从细观力学角度分析并建立了纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料从制备温度冷却到室温过程中产生的残余热应力与复合材料的比例极限应力的关系模型。该模型表明,减少复合材料的残余热应力或提高复合材料的纤维与基体的模量比,均可提高复合材料的比例极限应力。通过单调拉伸实验测试了先驱体浸渍裂解法(PIP)制备的2D SiC/SiC复合材料的比例极限应力,并采用文中建立的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系模型,计算出复合材料SiC基体的残余热应力为-19.5 MPa。分析表明,该结果是合理的。此外,引用了公开文献报道的5种复合材料体系数据,用于验证文中所建立的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系模型的适应性和可靠性,计算结果与实验结果最大误差为18.6%,表明该模型具有较好的适应性和可靠性,可为纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料的研究提供新思路。