Initiation characteristics of oblique detonation waves from a finite wedge under argon dilution

In this paper, the flow field characteristics of Oblique Detonation Waves (ODWs) induced by a finite wedge under argon dilution are studied by solving the Euler equations with a detailed chemical model of hydrogen and air. First, the effects of the expansion waves, argon concentration, geometric parameters, and Mach number on the ODW are discussed. The results show that the changes of these parameters may make the oblique detonation not be initiated. Then, the ODW initiation criterion of the finite wedge is summarized, as the characteristic length of the induction zone L_C and the characteristic length of the oblique wedge L_W meet the condition L_C/L_W < 1, the initiation of the ODW occurs; otherwise, it does not occur. What’s more, the Constant Volume Combustion (CVC) theory is applied to study the characteristic length of induction zone. It is found that CVC theory is more suitable for the “smooth transition” type of ODW flow field, the theoretical and numerical characteristic length in induction regions are in good agreement. This work is of great significance for the design of oblique detonation engines for hypersonic vehicles.     

Cutting path-dependent machinability of SiCp/Al composite under multi-step ultra-precision diamond cutting

Particle-tool interactions, which govern the synergetic deformation of SiC particle reinforced Al matrix composites under mechanical machining, strongly depend on the geometry of particle position residing on cutting path. In the present work, we investigate the influence of cutting path on the machinability of a SiCp/Al composite in multi-step ultra-precision diamond cutting by combining finite element simulations with experimental observations and characterization. Be consistent with experimentally characterized microstructures, the simulated SiCp/Al composite is considered to be composed of randomly distributed polygonally-shaped SiC particles with a volume fraction of 25vol%. A multi-step cutting strategy with depths of cut ranging from 2 to 10 μm is adopted to achieve an ultimate depth of cut of 10 μm. Intrinsic material parameters and extrinsic cutting conditions utilized in finite element simulations of SiCp/Al cutting are consistent with those used in corresponding experiments. Simulation results reveal different particle-tool interactions and failure modes of SiC particles, as well as their correlations with machining force evolution, residual stress distribution and machined surface topography. A detailed comparison between numerical simulation results and experimental data of multi-step diamond cutting of SiCp/Al composite reveals a substantial impact of the number of cutting steps on particle-tool interactions and machined surface quality. These findings provide guidelines for achieving high surface finish of SiCp/Al composites by ultra-precision diamond cutting.     

Inverse identification of constitutive parameters of Ti2AlNb intermetallic alloys based on cooperative particle swarm optimization

Ti₂AlNb intermetallic alloy is a relatively newly developed high-temperature-resistant structural material, which is expected to replace nickel-based super alloys for thermally and mechanically stressed components in aeronautic and automotive engines due to its excellent mechanical properties and high strength retention at elevated temperature. The aim of this work is to present a fast and reliable methodology of inverse identification of constitutive model parameters directly from cutting experiments. FE-machining simulations implemented with a modified Johnson-Cook (TANH) constitutive model are performed to establish the robust link between observables and constitutive parameters. A series of orthogonal cutting experiments with varied cutting parameters is carried out to allow an exact comparison to the 2D FE-simulations. A cooperative particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed and implemented into the Matlab programs to identify the enormous constitutive parameters. Results show that the simulation observables (i.e., cutting forces, chip morphologies, cutting temperature) implemented with the identified optimal material constants have high consistency with those obtained from experiments, which illustrates that the FE-machining models using the identified parameters obtained from the proposed methodology could be predicted in a close agreement to the experiments. Considering the wide range of the applied unknown parameters number, the proposed inverse methodology of identifying constitutive equations shows excellent prospect, and it can be used for other newly developed metal materials.     

求解Euler／Navier—Stokes方程的有限体积龙格库塔方法

提出了一个求解定常Ｅｕｌｅｒ／Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程的计算方法,求解的主管方程是积分形式的Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程或雷诺平均的Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程,计算方法是有限体积多步龙格库塔方法,通过在格式中加入自适应的二阶加四阶人工粘性项以保证数值计算的稳定性,用空间变时间步长、焓阻尼来加速定常问题的收敛速度。     

分析计算航天飞机气动系数的边界元局部方法

空间运载工具设计阶段为分析比较不同外形高超音速各流动领域的性能,广泛应用局部方法。在其原始形式下,形状函数计算繁复,并限于简单几何外形组成的轴对称体。用边界元局部方法进行形状函数计算,可免去原局部方法面积分的繁复和藉助表格的局限。对STS-1轨道飞行器外形进行计算得到丁形状函数,并根据实验数据确定领域系数。由此计算出飞行器的法向力、轴向力和俯仰力矩系数,计算结果与实验数据相符。     

非线性两点边值问题的六阶三对角差分法

讨论了满足边界条件y(a)=A 和y(b)=B 的二阶非线性常微分方程y″=f(x,y)的六阶三对角差分法,并从理论和实际计算证明了该方法的六阶收敛性。     

基于非交错有限体积格式和 k-ω 湍流模型模拟叶栅湍流分离流动

发展了一种求解任意坐标系下二维Ｎ－Ｓ方程的非交错有限体积法和一种高阶ＴＶＤ对流格式。采用一种ｋ－ω湍流模型和几种不同的ｋ－ω模型对叶栅湍流分离流动进行了详细的分析。数值结果与得到的实验结果比较表明,此方法不仅精度高,而且具有较好的数值稳定性。     

Al2O3—Ti系梯度功能材料的优化设计

对Ａｌ３Ｏ３－Ｔｉ系梯度功能材料在制备过程中产生的残余热应力进行了弹性有限元法分析。讨论了梯度层数目,梯度层厚度和成分梯度指数对应力大小和分布的影响,优化出了各项最佳参数。非线度功能材料与优化后的梯度功能材料的残余热应力对比结果显示;梯度功能材料缓和热应力的效果十分显著。     

梁式构件动力学响应分析的集总参数方法

详尽阐述了一种适用于梁式构件动力学响应分析的集总参数方法——有限段方法。采用有限段方法建立柔性梁式构件的离散模型,基于Ｋａｎｅ方程的Ｈｕｓｔｏｎ方法建立柔性多体系统动力学方程。该方程计入了梁式构件的几何非线性变形的惯性影响,在求解过程中,引入了相对位移的模态变换以提高计算效率。通过典型实验验证了有限段方法可以解决具有几何非线性变形的柔性梁式构件的多体系统动力学问题。     

基于非线性有限元的网套补偿器轴向刚度特性及计算方法研究

网套补偿器在航天管路系统中广泛使用,补偿器的轴向刚度是其基本力学参数,然而其复杂的微结构特征使得轴向刚度呈现强烈的非线性。为实现对网套补偿器轴向拉伸全过程的仿真计算,从钢丝网套入手,基于钢丝的螺旋梁模型,分析了轴向长度、螺旋角及网套直径对轴向刚度的影响,结果表明轴向长度和螺旋角将显著影响轴向刚度;分析了边界条件的影响,结果表明在计算轴向刚度时固定边界与约束径向位移的循环边界可以互换。结合网套刚度分析的结论,提出了基于接触关系的子网套刚度分析方法,解释了拉伸时轴向刚度非线性变化原因,进一步建立了2/N波纹管-螺旋梁复合模型以及2/N单波-单锭螺旋梁复合模型用于不同刚度阶段的有限元计算。算例结果表明,仿真获得的力-位移曲线与试验曲线一致性较好,高刚度阶段的轴向刚度误差为3.40%。