基于Ti/TiN薄膜传感器的飞机金属结构裂纹监测

针对飞机金属结构在服役过程中的裂纹实时监测需求,提出一种Ti/TiN导电薄膜与电位监测原理相结合的结构裂纹监测研究方案。首先,通过真空离子镀膜技术在结构易于出现裂纹的部位制备了Ti/TiN薄膜传感器。然后,进行了传感器膜层与2A12-T4铝合金基体的损伤一致性验证。结果表明,传感器与基体具有良好的损伤一致性。最后,进行了两组基于Ti/TiN薄膜传感器的裂纹监测试验,主要研究结构裂纹与传感器电位之间的相互关系,并对两组电位监测结果进行对比。结果表明,通过分析Ti/TiN薄膜传感器电位的变化可以实现对2A12-T4铝合金结构裂纹萌生和扩展进行实时监测,两组试验的电位监测结果具有良好的重复性。     

Impact of Jason-2/T2L2 Ultra-Stable-Oscillator Frequency Model on DORIS stations coordinates and Earth Orientation Parameters

Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) is a tracking technique based on a one-way ground to space Doppler link. For Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, DORIS shows a robust capability in terms of data coverage and availability, due to a wide and well-distributed ground network, where data are made available by the International Doris Service (IDS). However, systematic errors remain in the DORIS data, such as instabilities of the on-board clock due to radiation encountered in space, which limit the accurate determination of station positions.The DORIS on-board clock frequency stability is degraded by the increased radiation found in the region of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) and has been shown to degrade station position estimation. This paper introduces a new model correction to the DORIS data for the frequency of the Jason-2 Ultra Stable Oscillator (USO), derived from the Time Transfer by Laser Link (T2L2) experiment (Belli and Exertier, 2018). We show that a multi-satellite DORIS solution including this T2L2-corrected data applied to the frequency modelling for The DORIS data, improves the estimation of station coordinates. We show the tie residuals with respect to collocated GPS stations are improved by several millimeters. We also demonstrate that the 117-day (Jason-2) draconitic signal in the geophysical parameters is reduced, implying that the origin of this signal is not just solar radiation pressure mis-modeling, but also radiation-induced clock perturbations on the Jason-2 DORIS Ultra-Stable-Oscillator (USO). Finally we demonstrate through comparisons with the International Earth Rotations and Reference Systems Service (IERS) C04 series for Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), that the estimation of EOP is improved in both a Jason-2 DORIS-only and a multi-satellite DORIS solution for EOP.     

防弹陶瓷的研究现状与发展趋势

综述了防弹陶瓷的研究现状,介绍了两种典型的防弹陶瓷。对于Al2O3防弹陶瓷着重于复相结构的分析;对于B4C着重于烧结工艺及陶瓷性能方面的概述。并对防弹陶瓷今后的发展进行了预测,列举了几种较新的防弹陶瓷材料并提出了将纳米复相陶瓷用于防弹方面的设想。     

地磁场与电离层异常现象及其与地震的关系

利用中国地磁台网与电离层台站资料,总结了大地震前出现的地磁低点位移、地磁日变异常及电离层f0F2(F2层临界频率)异常现象.对比研究了1997年11月8日玛尼7.5级与2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8.1级地震前磁场与电离层异常分布及特征.结果显示,两次巨大地震前磁场与电离层短临异常时空分布特征有较好的一致性,震中周围出现日变异常、拉萨台出现电离层f0F2明显异常;震前约1个月出现地磁低点位移,其突变分界线通过震中地区.      

高超声速喷管非平衡黏性流动的数值研究

分别采用平衡气体模型、化学非平衡气体模型和热化学非平衡气体模型,通过求解轴对称Navier-Stokes方程组,数值模拟了法国Marseille高焓激波风洞锥型喷管(H₀=10.3MJ/kg),分析了热化学非平衡效应对喷管流动的影响,给出了平动温度、振动温度、马赫数和组分质量数在轴对称线上的分布与喷管出口附近的速度和温度沿径向分布等结果。计算结果表明:化学反应速度加快,会导致喷管出口温度增加,振动能的冻结会导致喷管出口温度降低。     

基于龙芯处理器的系统移植方法和应用可行性研究

提出了基于龙芯计算模块的嵌入式操作系统移植和实现方法,实现了龙芯计算模块的操作系统加载、启动和驱动开发,并介绍了龙芯处理器的性能测试方法和测试结果,为龙芯国产处理器在航空电子领域的部署和应用可行性提供了一定的依据.     

机械臂的改进区间二型模糊神经网络控制

针对具有不确定性模型参数的双关节机械臂系统,提出基于改进区间二型模糊神经网络逼近器的自适应反演控制算法.相比于一型模糊系统,区间二型模糊系统由于自身的区间前件和隶属函数,更有效地处理高度非线性系统.然而现有的二型模糊寻找上下输出的交叉点过程中KM迭代算法计算量大、耗时高,使得传统的二型模糊系统不适用于实际控制应用.利用...     

Investigation of precursory phenomena in the ionosphere,atmosphere and groundwater before large earthquakes of M > 6.5

Precursory phenomena in the ionosphere, atmosphere and groundwater before large earthquakes (M > 6.5) are extensively investigated toward the earthquake prediction. Upward tornado type seismic clouds occurred near the epicenter associated with strong LF-VLF radio noises from lightning discharges in the evening of January 9, 1995 [Yamada, T., Oike, K. On the increase of electromagnetic noises before and after the 1995 Hyogo-Ken Nanbu earthquake. In: Hayakawa M. (Ed.), Atmospheric and Ionospheric Electromagnetic Phenomena Associated with Earthquakes. TERRAPUB, Tokyo, pp. 417–427, 1999] and anomalous foEs increases up to 10 MHz were detected at Shigaraki, 90 km of the epicenter and at Kokubunji, 500 km east of the epicenter [Ondoh, T. Anomalous sporadic-E layers observed before M7.2 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake; Terrestrial gas emanation model. Adv. Polar Upper Atmos. Res. 17, 96–108, 2003; Ondoh, T. Anomalous sporadic-E ionization before a great earthquake, Adv. Space Research 34, 1830–1835, 2004] associated with strong ELF noises from lightning discharges in the daytime on January 15, 1995 [Hata, M., Fujii, T., Takumi, I. EM precursor of large-scale earthquakes in Japan, in: Abstracts of International Workshop on Seismo Electromagnetics (IWSE 2005), Univ. Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan, March 15–17, pp. 182–186, 2005] before the M7.2 Hyogoken–Nanbu earthquake of January 17, 1995. The anomalous foEs increases occurred at epicentral distances within 500 km that are the same as those of the terrestrial gas emanations along active faults before large earthquakes [King, C.-Y. Gas geochemistry applied to earthquake prediction: An overview. J. Geophys. Res. 91(B12), 12269–12281, 1986]. The anomalous foEs increases seem to be a seismic precursor because geomagnetic and solar conditions were very quiet all day on January 15,1995 and the normal foEs in Japanese winter is below 6 MHz. No significant pre-seismic geomagnetic field variation was detected at epicentral distance of 100 km before this earthquake [Ondoh, T., Hayakawa, M. Anomalous occurrence of sporadic-E layers before the Hyogoken–Nanbu earthquake, M7.2 of January 17, 1995. In: Hayakawa, M. (Ed.), Atmospheric and Ionospheric Electromagnetic Phenomena Associated with Earthquakes, TERRAPUB, Tokyo, pp. 629–639, 1999; Ondoh, T., Hayakawa, M. Seismo discharge model of anomalous sporadic E ionization before great earthquakes. In: Hayakawa, M., O.A. Molchanov, (Eds.), Seismo Electromagnetics: Lithosphere–Atmosphere–Ionosphere Couplings, TERRAPUB, Tokyo, pp. 385–390, 2002; Ondoh. T., Hayakawa, M. Synthetic study of precursory phenomena of the M7.2 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. Phys. Chem. Earth 31, 378–388, 2006]. The foF2 decrease and h’F increase occurred before the M7.8 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki earthquake of July 12,1993 in a geomagnetic quiet period [Ondoh, T. Ionospheric disturbances associated with great earthquake of Hokkaido southwest coast, Japan of July 12, 1993. Phys. Earth Planet. Interiors. 105, 261–269, 1998; Ondoh, T. Seismo ionospheric phenomena. Adv. Space Res. 26, 8, 1267–1272, 2000]. Characteristic phase changes at terminator times of Omega 10.2 kHz waves passing 70 km of the epicenter extended toward darker local times by 1 h for 3 days before this earthquake due to lowering of the wave reflection height or ion density increases in the D region [Hayakawa, M., Molchanov, O. A., Ondoh, T., Kawai, E. The precursory signature effect of the Kobe earthquake on VLF subionospheric signals. J. Commun. Res. La., 43, 00. 169–180, 1996]. The radon concentration in the atmosphere over Ashiya fault, Kobe [Yasuoka, Y., Shinogi, M. Anomaly in atmospheric radon concentration: a possible precursor of the 1995 Kobe, Japan, earthquake. Health Phys. 72(5), 759–761, 1997] and in the groundwater at 17 m well in Nishinomiya, Japan [Igarashi, G., Saeki, S., Takahata, N., Sumikawa, K., Tasaki, S., Sasaki, Y., Takahashi, M., Sano, Y. Ground-water radon anomaly before the Kobe earthquake in Japan. Science 269, 60–61, 1995] had gradually increased since 2 months before the M7.2 earthquake, increased suddenly in December 1994, and rapidly returned to the normal low level of October, 1994 [Yasuoka, Y., Shinogi, M. 1997. Anomaly in atmospheric radon concentration: a possible precursor of the 1995 Kobe. Japan, earthquake. Health Phys. 72(5), 759–761.]. Radon concentration changes in the groundwater before the M 7.0 Izu-Oshima-kinkai earthquake, Japan on January 14, 1978 [Wakita, H., Nakamura, Y., Notsu, K., Noguchi, M., Asada, T. 1980. Radon anomaly: a possible precursor of the 1978 Izu-Oshima-kinkai earthquake. Science 207, 882–883] and the M6.8 Chengkung earthquake, Taiwan on December 10, 2003 [Kuo, T., Fan, K., Chen, W., Kuochen, H., Han, Y., Wang, C., Chang, T., Lee, Y. Radon anomaly at the Antung Hot Spring before the Taiwan M6.8 Chengkung earthquake. Proceedings, Thirty-First Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, January 30–February 1, 2006, SGP-TR-179, 2006] are also investigated to find common features of the groundwater radon concentration changes before large earthquakes (M > 6.5) in comparison with those before the M7.2 Hyogoken–Nanbu earthquake. Groundwater radon concentrations before the 3 large earthquakes had shown common characteristic changes of gradually initial ones from the normal level since about 2 months before the earthquake onsets, rapid decreases down to the minimum, and quick increases up to the maximum at 7–20 days before the earthquake onsets, respectively. These are very useful characteristics of pre-seismic radon anomaly for the earthquake prediction or warning. Promising observations toward the earthquake prediction are also discussed.     

NNSS卫星测量参数求解TEC

论述了应用色散多普勒技术,在求解测站上空大面积TEC的方法中,卫星相对测站径向速度变化对电离层产生的微分多普勒频移的影响,找到了比较好的修正方法,并对若干测量计算结果进行了由定性到定量分析,绘出了测站上空任一点TEC的日变化曲线。      

J2摄动下脉冲推力星下点轨迹调整解析算法

针对快速响应对地成像任务,在轨卫星可通过轨道机动实现星下点轨迹调整。研究了J2摄动下小椭圆轨道的脉冲推力星下点轨迹调整的解析算法。首先给出脉冲推力下小椭圆轨道参数变化模型和滑行段星下点轨迹运动模型;然后通过分析得到影响星下点轨迹的四个轨道要素,进一步推导了平近点角增量近似公式,并得到它与速度增量的线性关系表达式;最后推导了J2摄动下星下点轨迹调整需要的脉冲的三种解析方法。仿真结果表明,三种解析算法运算速度快,地面位置误差小于7km。