圆截面U形管流有限元模拟

弯曲圆管内流动具有很强的工业应用背景,管内二次涡的大小、位置及发生的频率会对流动系统的阻力及热质交换产生重大作用,研究弯曲圆管内的流动具有重要的理论意义.本文应用湍流大涡模拟方法对弯道流动进行了数值模拟.用时间推进法,给出了隐含流线迎风耗散作用的二阶完全展开Taylor-Galerkin有限元离散格式,数值计算的结果与实验结果符合较好.表明大涡模拟方法适用于边界形状复杂,存在各向异性的大尺度涡的流动仿真.     

地磁图制备方法及其有效性评估

高精度地磁图制备是地磁匹配导航关键技术之一.在简单介绍4种网格插值方法原理的基础上(反距离加权插值法、克里金插值法、改进的谢别德插值法以及径向基函数法),应用实测地磁数据,选取测点分布较均匀区域,根据上述插值方法分别制备地磁图,并通过交叉验证统计准则对地磁图制备方法的有效性进行评估.结果表明,径向基函数插值法制备的地磁图"鸭蛋"形分布较少,地磁图等值线较圆滑,其标准偏差远小于其它方法的标准偏差,且其标准误差以及平均偏差也最小,具有较高的插值精度,能更好地反映该区域地磁场分布情况.     

用于飞行仿真的空间大气紊流场生成与应用研究(英文)

研究了三维空间大气紊流场生成及其在大型飞机实时飞行仿真中的应用。分析了针对大型飞机飞行仿真的扰动风场的建模需求。通过在频域空间直接进行蒙特卡罗法随机抽样,经三维傅里叶逆变换获得空间大气紊流场。采用Von Karman模型,更加准确地描述大气紊流场特征。运用傅立叶变换的复共轭对称特性,保证最终生成实的紊流场。通过无因次化方法解决了变尺度和变强度的紊流场生成问题。针对生成的空间紊流场设计了紊流梯度的计算方法。针对飞机连续穿越紊流场的问题,提出基于空间对称扩展的紊流场扩展方法。经时域相关性检验证明,基于该方法生成的紊流场与传统时域方法相比,具有较好的空间互相关特性。最后针对Boeing747飞机,给出了一个在空间紊流场中的飞行仿真实例。与传统质点化模型的仿真结果相比,基于空间紊流场和四点模型的算法更能表现出飞机穿越紊流场飞行的随机特性。     

Electric field and ion density anomalies in the mid latitude ionosphere: Possible connection with earthquakes?

The problem of earthquake prediction has stimulated the search for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospherical anomalies. We found observational evidence of possible earthquake effects in the near-equatorial and low latitude ionosphere; these ionospheric anomalies have been proposed by Gousheva et al. [Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov P., Hristov, P., Influence of earthquakes on the electric field disturbances in the ionosphere on board of the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite. Compt. Rend. Acad. Bulg. Sci. 58 (8) 911–916, 2005a; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Observation from the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite of anomalies associated with seismic activity. In: Poster Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies: Space in the Service of Society, RAST ‘2005, June 9–11, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 119–123, 2005b; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Satellite monitoring of anomalous effects in the ionosphere probably related to strong earthquakes. Adv. Space Res. 37 (4), 660–665, 2006]. This paper presents new results from observations of the quasi-static electric field and ion density on board INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite in the mid latitude ionosphere above sources of moderate earthquakes. Data from INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite and seismic data (World Data Center, Denver, Colorado, USA) for magnetically quiet and medium quiet days are juxtaposed in time-space domain. For satellite’s orbits in the time period 15.09–01.10.1981 an increase in the horizontal and vertical components of the quasi-static electric field and fluctuations of the ion density are observed over zones of forthcoming seismic events. Some similar post effects are observed too. The emphasis of this paper is put on the anomalies which specify the mid latitude ionosphere. The obtained results contain important information because they confirm our previous results for near-equatorial and low latitude regions.     

Effective non-vertical and apparent cutoff rigidities for a cosmic ray latitude survey from Antarctica to Italy in minimum of solar activity

In this paper we will report the results of the computation of cutoff rigidities of vertical and non-vertical incident cosmic ray particles. Non-vertical effective cutoff rigidities have been computed by tracing particle trajectories through the “real” geomagnetic magnetic field comprising the International Geomagnetic Reference Field model (IGRF95, IAGA Division 5 Working Group 8, 1996: Sabaka, T.J., Langel, R.A., Baldwin, R.T., Conrad, J.A. The geomagnetic field, 1900–1995, including the large scale fields from magnetospheric sources and NASA candidate models for the 1995 IGRF revision. J. Geomag. Geoelect. 49, 157–206, 1997.) and the Tsyganenko [Tsyganenko, N.A. A magnetospheric magnetic field model with a warped tail current sheet. Planet. Space Sci. 37, 5–20, 1989.] magnetosphere model. The computation have been done for the backward route (from Antarctica to Italy) of the Italian Antarctic ship survey 1996–1997, for geographic points corresponding to the daily average coordinates of the ship; for zenith angles 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°, and azimuth angles from 0° to 360° in steps of 45°. By means of the obtained non-vertical cutoffs the apparent cutoff rigidities have been calculated. The information on integral multiplicities of secondary neutrons detected by the neutron monitor in dependence of the zenith angle of incoming primary cosmic ray particles have also been used. This information is based on the theoretical calculations of meson-nuclear cascades of primary protons with different rigidities arriving to the Earth’s atmosphere at the zenith angles of 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 75°. The difference between the computed apparent and vertical cutoff rigidities reaches ∼1 GV at rigidities >7–8 GV. At rigidities of 10–16 GV, the difference between the apparent and vertical cutoff rigidities is larger than that obtained earlier by Clem et al. [Clem, J.M., Bieber, J.W., Duldig, M., Evenson, P., Hall, D., Humble, J.E. Contribution of obliquely incident particles to neutron monitor counting rate. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 26919–26926, 1997.] and Dorman et al. [Dorman, L.I., Villoresi, G., Iucci, N., Parisi, M., Tyasto, M.I., Danilova, O.A., Ptitsyna, N.G. Cosmic ray survey to Antarctica and coupling functions for neutron component near solar minimum (1996–1997), 3. Geomagnetic effects and coupling functions. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 21047–21056, 2000.].     

基于DSP和FPGA技术的细胞图像采集系统设计

细胞学研究领域中需要对大量细胞的生长情况进行长期的在线跟踪、记录和分析,针对细胞图像采集和处理中的数据量大、采样频率高、运算复杂等问题,设计了一种新颖的细胞图像采集系统,讨论了DSP(Digital Signal Processor)处理系统和FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Arrays)逻辑控制系统设计中的关键技术问题,以及JPEG图像压缩算法的实现问题.系统主要由视频解码芯片、FPGA以及DSP等组成,具有功能集成、结构简单、编程灵活的特点,能够实现对大量细胞进行长期观测记录的图像采集,以及后期图像数据处理的功能.      

航天器平台-载荷-控制一体化协同研制

航天器任务能力的指标提升,对卫星系统设计的深入、精细以及集约要求更高。以系统性能最优为终极目标,围绕任务能力开展多学科一体化设计,进而引起的产品集成、验证模式的显著改变。本文对国内外航天器多学科一体化研制模式的发展和应用情况进行介绍,分析了一体化设计的需求和内涵,并对多学科一体化协同平台的实现及探索性应用进行了研究。     

有源多假目标干扰的极化识别新方法

提出一种利用单脉冲跟踪雷达的和、差波束特性差异的极化估计算法。基于目标散射回波和固定转发式有源假目标干扰产生物理机理的差异,设计了极化相似测度、极化相关系数、极化欧式距离等干扰鉴别参量,提出了有源假目标干扰鉴别算法。该技术无需增加极化通道,降低了计算和处理难度,更易工程实现。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

有限平面波叠加模拟中低频混响声场的方法

针对航天器中低频声振预示中的混响声场载荷建模问题,提出在平面波中引入随机相位,通过有限平面波叠加的方法模拟混响声场载荷;并基于理论推导和数值分析研究该载荷模型的空间相关性特征及有限平面波数目的确定方法;最后基于理论分析和某太阳电池阵噪声试验数据对该建模方法的收敛性和合理性进行验证,表明其能够准确描述混响载荷的空间相关性和复杂几何特征引起的声学遮挡效应,满足航天工程应用的精度要求。     

等离子体环境下圆柱开槽天线特性的研究

本文用磁流体力学的方法研究了等离子体环境下圆柱体开槽天线的辐射问题,推导了槽天线的方向图和阻抗的计算公式,计算了不同等离子体参量的横槽的方向图,并且把计算的结果与用不考虑纵波影响的复介电常数方法得到的结果进行了比较。