Estimation of probability of occurrence of F1 layer or L condition using tables and electron density profile models

An algorithm is proposed for evaluation of the probability of occurrence of an F1 layer or L condition, based on tables. Observations independent of the tables database are used for comparison between the estimated probability of occurrence, the formulation used at present in IRI, and the occurrence actually observed. The importance of the inclusion of L condition in the electron density profile model is shown.     

Comparing topside and bottomside-measured characteristics of the F2 layer peak

The ionospheric characteristics of the F2 layer peak have been measured with ionosondes from the ground or with satellites from space. The most common characteristics are the F2-peak density NmF2 and peak height hmF2. In addition to these two parameters this paper studies the F2-peak scale height. Comparing the median values of hmF2 and NmF2 obtained from topside and bottomside sounding shows good agreement in general. The Chapman scale height values for the F2 layer peak derived from topside profiles, H_m,top, are generally several times larger than H_m,bot derived from bottomside profiles.     

Monthly mean foF2 model for an African low-latitude station and comparison with IRI

We have employed the hourly values of the ionospheric F-region critical frequency (foF2) obtained from Ouagadougou ionosonde, Burkina Faso (geographic coordinates 12° N, 1.8° W) during the interval of 1985–1995 (solar cycle 22) and solar radio flux of 10 cm wavelength (F10.7) to develop a local model (LM) for the African low-latitude station. The model was developed from regression analysis method, using the two-segmented regression analysis. We validated LM with foF2 data from Korhogo observatory, Cote d’Ivorie (geographical coordinates 9.3° N, 5.4° W). LM as well as the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) agrees well with observations. LM gave some improvement on the IRI-predicted foF2 values at the sunrise (06 LT) at all solar flux levels and in all seasons except June solstice. The performance of the models at the representing the salient features of the equatorial foF2 was presented. Considering daytime and nighttime performances, LM and IRI are comparable in low solar activity (LSA), LM performed better than IRI in moderate solar activity (MSA), while IRI performed better than LM in high solar activity (HSA). CCIR has a root mean square error (r.m.s.e), which is only 0.10 MHz lower than that of LM while LM has r.m.s.e, which is about 0.05 MHz lower than that of URSI. In general, our result shows that performance of IRI, especially the CCIR option of the IRI, is quite comparable with the LM. The improved performance of IRI is a reflection of the numerous contributions of ionospheric physicists in the African region, larger volume of data for the IRI and the diversity of data sources, as well as the successes of the IRI task force activities.     

基于C8051F020的绞车键盘模拟训练系统的设计与实现

为方便声纳员进行操作训练,设计、开发了一种能够脱离实装设备的吊放声纳绞车键盘模拟训练系统,绞车键盘操作的画面布局及键盘布局等与实装绞车键盘一致。同时,绞车键盘通过控制变频器带动电机以驱动绞车,可以逼真地模拟实际对绞车的操作,模拟也可以对特定条件下的训练方案进行设定,以提高声纳操作人员的训练水平。     

Anomalous Cosmic Rays and Solar Modulation

We review aspects of anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) that bear on the solar modulation of energetic particles in the heliosphere. We show that the latitudinal and radial gradients of these particles exhibit a 22-year periodicity in concert with the reversal of the Sun's magnetic field. The power-law index of the low energy portion of the energy spectrum of ACRs at the shock in 1996 appears to be -1.3, suggesting that the strength of the solar wind termination shock at the helioequatorial plane is relatively weak, with s 2.8. The rigidity dependence of the perpendicular interplanetary mean free path in the outer heliosphere for particles with rigidities between 0.2 and 0.7 GV varies approximately as R2, where R is particle rigidity. There is evidence that ACR oxygen is primarily multiply charged above 20 MeV/nuc and primarily singly-charged below 16 MeV/nuc. The location of the termination shock was at 65 AU in 1987 and 85 AU in 1994.     

具有数字化可寻址调光接口的电子镇流器的设计

数字化可寻址调光接口(DALI)是一种专用于照明控制系统的通信接口规范。利用调光镇流控制ICIR2159构成的镇流器控制电路,自动完成从灯预热、灯触发到灯功率控制的全过程。数字控制部分采用PIC16F628,它担任镇流控制器与DALI之间的接口。文中给出了调光曲线、编程思想、程序框图和节能措施。     

F110的最新衍生型F110—GE—129EFE的发展与设计特点

介绍了F110发动机的最新改进型F110－GE－129EEE的发展情况与设计特点。比较了该发动机在提高性能的衍生改进型F110－GE－129（IPE）基础上的技术改进。重点介绍了EFE型发动机的风扇加力燃烧室、喷管系统设计改进的特点。     

具有线性回归特征的多组实验结果对比分析方法的研究

研究试验参数变化情况下．具有线性回归特征的多组试验结果差异性的对比分析方法。数学上谈问题转化为对回归直线的常数口和比例系数6两组随机样本的F检验。当这两个指标均无显著差异时，认为两组(或多组)试验数据无显著差异。谈法将判断的范围外推到了整个实数域，因此要求条件过高。本文提出了重合度法，即用试验参数的共同区域内回归直线置信带的面积重合度．判断实验结果的一致性。对试验数据的分析表明，该方法具有明显的合理性．但其临界值还需进一步研究确定。     

高分辨率模数转换电路的设计及误差分析

随着惯性技术的发展,传统的电流频率(I/F）转换电路已经不能满足惯性系统的需要。在传统的I/F转换电路的基础上结合A/D采样芯片,用来对积分器残余电荷进行采样,以得到一种高分辨率模数(I/F+A/D）转换电路。介绍了转换电路的工作原理,分析了电路的原理性误差。经仿真分析及实验验证,与传统的I/F转换电路相比,该电路具有更高的满度输出频率、更大的标度因数以及更好的线性度。输入小信号对电路进行测试,测试结果表明该电路对小信号更加灵敏,具有更高的分辨率。     

改进的车载空调压缩机无位置传感器控制起动方法

无位置传感器控制是空调压缩机控制系统的较优选择。针对基于滑模观测器(SMO)的永磁同步电机(PMSM)无位置传感器控制系统零速观测精度低、起动难度大等问题,提出了一种改进PMSM无位置传感器的零速低速起动及中高速域使用的SMO控制的切换方法。在电机低速和零速时,I/F控制使其工作在角度开环电流闭环的工况下,该算法的给定相位与观测相位误差达不到系统切换要求,需利用降低开环电路的方式来降低误差;在电机转速提高的同时补偿SMO的角度,使观测角度接近真实角度,2种算法切换时稳定性更高,抗干扰能力更强。根据MATLAB/Simulink仿真结果和实际3.5 kW车载空调PMSM调试,验证了该方法的可行性和改进算法的有效性。