固体自润滑材料极端温度环境适应能力研究

模拟月球表面极端高低温环境,对空间飞行器机构活动部件常用固体自润滑材料进行极端温度环境存贮实验.通过拉伸强度、压缩强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度、摩擦磨损等性能研究,评价固体自润滑材料在月面极端高低温环境下的生存适应能力.结果表明,两种典型空间用固体自润滑材料模拟三个月球日经历极端温度环境存储实验后,各项性能都未发生明显变化.     

结合光球磁场特征物理量的质子事件短期预报

利用描述太阳活动区光球磁场复杂性和非势性特征的三个物理量(纵向磁场最大水平梯度|▽_hB_z |_m, 强梯度中性线长度L, 孤立奇点数目η)建立了质子事件短期预报模型, 验证了磁场特征物理量对质子事件短期预报的有效性. 目前已建立或使用的太阳质子事件短期预报模型中仍然没有正式将磁场特征物理量作为预报因子. 由于太阳质子事件是小概率事件, 其物理产生机制尚不完全清楚, 这些预报模型往往存在虚报率偏高或报准率偏低的问题. 本文试图将原有质子事件模型所用的传统因子与磁场特征物理量结合起来, 利用神经网络方法建立一个更为有效的质子事件短期预报模型. 利用1997--2001年的训练数据集1871个样本建立了输入层为传统预报因子的模型A以及输入层为传统预报因子和磁场特征物理量的模型B. 通过对2002--2003年973个样本的测试数据集进行模拟预报发现, 模型A与B在具有相同质子事件报准率的情况下, 模型B的虚报率明显降低. 这进一步验证了磁场特征物理量在质子事件短期预报中的作用, 进而可以加强对太阳质子事件的实际预报能力.      

由高能电子引发的风云二号C星跳变事件概率分析

通过对地球同步轨道高能电子监测数据(来自GOES)与风云二号卫星跳变事件的对比分析发现, 跳变事件均发生在高能电子增强事件即所谓高能电子暴期间, 因此初步断定, 跳变事件与高能电子引起的卫星介质深层充放电事件有关. 通过对不同通量高能电子增强事件期间所发生的跳变事件发生率进行量化计算, 给出跳变事件发生概率的计算方法, 为卫星在轨运行管理及防护提供参考.      

航空发动机试车三分钟事件记录与回放

航空发动机试车计算机辅助试验系统中开发三分钟事件记录与回放功能可以为事后的分析提供数据依据。本文着重研究了事件模型的建立的一般方法,讨论了数据记录与回放的方法,最后给出了所采用的数据结果。根据本文所论述的方法,实现了该功能并已投入了某型航空发动机试车实验使用。      

Variability of organic material in surface horizons of the hyper-arid Mars-like soils of the Atacama Desert

The objective of this work was to investigate the variability of surface organic carbon within the hyper-arid Yungay region of the Atacama Desert. The fraction of Labile Organic Carbon (LOC) in these samples varied from 2 to 73 μg per gram of soil with a bi-modal distribution with average content of 17 ± 9 μg LOC and 69 ± 3 μg LOC for “low” and “high” samples, respectively. Interestingly, there was no relation between organic levels and geomorphologic shapes. While organics are deposited and distributed in these soils via eolic processes, it is suggested that fog is the dynamic mechanism that is responsible for the variability and peaks in organic carbon throughout the area, where a “high” LOC content sample could be indicative of a biological process. It was determined that there was no significant difference between topological feature or geographical position within the hyper-arid samples and LOC. This very curious result has implications for the investigation of run-off gullies on the planet Mars as our work suggests a need for careful consideration of the expectation of increases in concentrations of organic materials associated with following aqueous altered topology.     

Test alert service against very large SEP Events

The Aragats Solar Environment Center provides real time monitoring of different components of secondary cosmic ray fluxes. We plan to use this information to establish an early warning alert system against extreme, very large solar particle events with hard spectra, dangerous for satellite electronics and for the crew of the Space Station. Neutron monitors operating at altitude 2000 and 3200 m are continuously gathering data to detect possible abrupt variations of the particle count rates. Additional high precision detectors measuring muon and electron fluxes, along with directional information are under construction on Mt. Aragats. Registered ground level enhancements, in neutron and muon fluxes along with correlations between different species of secondary cosmic rays are analyzed to reveal possible correlations with expected times of arrival of dangerous solar energetic particles.     

Updated TUS space fluorescence detector for study of UHECR

The TUS (Tracking Ultra-violet Set up) space fluorescence detector has to be launched in 2010 as a separated platform in Foton (Bion) mission prepared by the Samara enterprise. This detector was designed for another satellite and the updated variant of the TUS detector for a new platform is presented. The data on UV glow of the atmosphere obtained in operation of one pixel of the TUS detector on board the Moscow State University “Universitetsky-Tatiana” satellite was taken into account in design of the updated TUS detector. The data on UV transient flashes registered in “Universitetsky-Tatiana” mission are of special interest. Electronics of the TUS detector able to select and register different types of UV events in the atmosphere is presented.     

Plant mineral nutrition,gas exchange and photosynthesis in space: A review

Successful growth and development of higher plants in space rely on adequate availability and uptake of water and nutrients, and efficient energy distribution through photosynthesis and gas exchange. In the present review, literature has been reviewed to assemble the relevant knowledge within space plant research for future planetary missions. Focus has been on fractional gravity, space radiation, magnetic fields and ultimately a combined effect of these factors on gas exchange, photosynthesis and transport of water and solutes.     

Source investigation of impulsive He-rich particle events

We have investigated the source characteristic and coronal magnetic field structure of six impulsive solar energetic particle (SEP) events selected from Wang et al. [Wang, Y.-M., Pick, M., Mason, G.M. Coronal holes, jets, and the origin of ³He-rich particle events. ApJ 639, 495, 2006] and Pick et al. [Pick, M., Mason, G.M., Wang, Y.-M., Tan, C., Wang, L. Solar source regions for ³He-rich solar energetic particle events identified using imaging radio, optical, and energetic particle observations. ApJ 648, 1247, 2006]. Some results are obtained: first, 2 events are associated with wide (≈100°) CMEs (hereafter wide CME events), another 4 events are associated with narrow (?40°) CMEs (hereafter narrow CME events); second, the coronal magnetic field configuration of narrow CME events appear more simple than that of the wide CME events; third, the photospheric magnetic field evolutions of all these events show new emergence of fluxes, while one case also shows magnetic flux cancellation; fourth, the EUV jets usually occurred very close to the footpoint of the magnetic field loop, while meter type III bursts occurred near or at the top of the loop and higher than EUV jets. Furthermore, the heights of type III bursts are estimated from the result of the coronal magnetic field extrapolations.     

或有事项与日后事项探讨

《企业会计准则——或有事项》(1998)和《企业会计准则——资产负债表日后事项》(2000)分别规范了或有事项和日后事项的会计核算及其信息披露。本文主要从理论和实务角度对这两项准则可能存在的不足之处提出意见和建议，并对或有事项与日后事项之间的内在联系阐述了自己的一些看法。