碳纤维增强树脂基层板应变率相关损伤数值研究

为了研究高应变率载荷对于碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料变形破坏行为的影响,通过应变率修正式对复合材料的刚度与强度进行修正,建立了可考虑应变率效应的复合材料损伤数值模型,采用该模型对不同应变率条件下层板结构的面内破坏行为进行了模拟并与文献实验进行了对比分析。计算结果表明:本文所构建的数值模型可以有效预测树脂基层板结构在不同应变率条件下的破坏特征,并在材料刚度与强度硬化现象的预测方面有着较高精度;对于0°、90°铺层主导的试件,由于其力学性能近似为线性,数值模型在强度预测方面获得了较高精度;而对于±45°铺层主导试件,其在不同应变率条件下表现出较强的非线性损伤特性,因此模型在其强度性能预测方面存在一定误差。     

基于优化智能网络的发动机推力指令模型

针对航空发动机性能退化缓解控制中推力指令模型输入量有限问题,提出1种双智能网络串联的推力指令建模方法.其中子模型Ⅰ采用BP网络映射与推力密切相关的气路参数,其输出作为子模型Ⅱ的输入;子模型Ⅱ采用优化极端学习机(ELM)算法,输出为额定发动机推力,并以此推力为性能蜕化缓解控制指令.为了减小ELM网络规模,提高推力指令模型实时性,采用微分进化算法(DE)优化ELM初始网络参数.数字仿真验证表明:各飞行包线内推力指令模型预测值最大相对误差小于4‰,远优于单一神经网络最大8.17％和单一极端学习机最大14.5％的误差,模型推力指令计算时间仅需0.64ms,实时性好,验证了该推力指令模型的有效性.     

整体叶轮数控展成电解加工阴极的设计

介绍了整体叶轮数控展成电解加工阴极的结构形式,重点给出内喷式阴极的设计方法,这对完善整体叶轮的数控展成电解加工有重要意义.     

跨介质航行器波浪环境入水流场演变和运动特性研究

跨介质航行器是一种既可以在空中飞行又可以在水下潜航的新概念航行器,基于仿生学原理,提出一种通过改变外形实现水空介质跨越的航行器模型,通过入水试验装置和计算流体动力学方法,对航行器带攻角从空气到水的介质跨越过程进行了试验和数值仿真研究,得到了跨介质入水过程航行器的运动姿态和入水空泡形态,并通过数值仿真得到了航行器的升力、阻力、速度和加速度演化规律。同时基于数值模拟方法对有波浪情况和静水情况下航行器入水过程空泡演变以及运动特性进行对比。结果表明:提出的航行器构型在水中具有较好的姿态调整能力,波浪的有无和波高的不同都会对航行体入水运动特性造成影响。     

Probing the origin of the iron Kα line around stellar and supermassive black holes using X-ray polarimetry

Asymmetric, broad iron lines are a common feature in the X-ray spectra of both X-ray binaries (XRBs) and type-1 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). It was suggested that the distortion of the Fe Kα emission results from Doppler and relativistic effects affecting the radiative transfer close to the strong gravitational well of the central compact object: a stellar mass black hole (BH) or neutron star (NS) in the case of XRBs, or a super massive black hole (SMBH) in the case of AGN. However, alternative approaches based on reprocessing and transmission of radiation through surrounding media also attempt to explain the line broadening. So far, spectroscopic and timing analyzes have not yet convinced the whole community to discriminate between the two scenarios. Here we study to which extent X-ray polarimetric measurements of black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) and type-1 AGN could help to identify the possible origin of the line distortion. To do so, we report on recent simulations obtained for the two BH flavors and show that the proposed scenarios are found to behave differently in polarization degree and polarization angle. A relativistic origin for the distortion is found to be more probable in the context of BHXRBs, supporting the idea that the same mechanism should lead the way also for AGN. We show that the discriminating polarization signal could have been detectable by several X-ray polarimetry missions proposed in the past.     

基于蒙特卡罗方法的冷原子干涉仪物理仿真

由于现有的噪声分析方法无法很好地评估在复杂环境下冷原子干涉仪的输出特性,本文提出了一种新的冷原子干涉仪仿真方法,可以模拟大动态条件下各项噪声及其之间的耦合对冷原子干涉仪的影响。利用单粒子波包演化的处理方式对冷原子干涉仪进行全过程物理建模,并采取蒙特卡罗方法对大量确定初态的原子进行全过程统计,最终得到冷原子干涉仪在多种噪声同时存在的情况下的响应。该方法主要优势体现在能够对噪声耦合情形进行高精度仿真,并且可以根据实际数据对干涉仪输出进行实时处理,以提升冷原子干涉仪的性能指标。     

死亡是生命的必然归宿

本文根据物质系统演化的规律，平衡原理及熵理论，阐述了死亡是生命系统演化的必然归宿。     

化学镀镍钨磷合金过程中的析氢行为和沉积机理

本文研究了化学镀镍钨磷合金过程中的析氢行为，发现总析氢量大于金属沉积的量，即产生氢气的法拉第电流大于金属沉积的法拉第电流。认为镍钨磷合金化学沉积的机理是镍、钨、磷、氢的竞争放电，且除金属沉积时伴随着等量的析氢外，氢也能单独析出。温度、pH值和亚磷酸根浓度对合金沉积速度和合金成分的影响表明，该体系能在很宽的工艺范围内获得光亮、均匀、结合力良好的镀层。用塔菲尔斜率分析法测量的合金沉积速度与重量法测得的相一致，说明电化学方法可以用于确定化学度的沉积速度。     

A study of a complete soft X-ray selected sample of AGN

We present preliminary results from analyses of hard X-ray and optical observations of a soft X-ray selected sample. We created a small but complete sample with 20 of the softest and brightest objects with low Galactic absorption from the ROSAT bright soft X-ray selected radio-quiet AGN sample. This sample consists of 10 narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies and 10 broad-line Seyfert galaxies. We analyze ASCA data in the 0.6–10 keV band and optical spectra from ground-based telescopes. We investigate the photon indices in the hard X-ray band, soft excesses in the ASCA band, and optical emission line properties. The photon indices in the 2–10 keV band are nominal for both narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies and broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies in each class compared with other heterogeneous samples. All of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies show soft excesses, but this component seems to be less significant for broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. There seems to be a trend of steeper X-ray spectra to be accompanied by narrower Hβ for narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies, but this is not extended to the larger velocity width regime of broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies, and no clear trend is seen among them.     

LMXB luminosity function and connection to globular cluster in early type galaxies

We derive bias-corrected X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) of LMXBs detected in 14 E and S0 galaxies observed with Chandra. After correcting for incompleteness, the individual XLFs are statistically consistent with a single power-law. A break at or near L_X,Eddington , as previously reported, is not required in any individual case. The combined XLF with a reduced error, however, suggests a possible break at L_X = 5 × 10³⁸ erg s⁻¹, which may be consistent with the Eddington luminosity of neutron stars with the largest possible mass (3 M), or of He-enriched neutron star binaries. We confirm that the total X-ray luminosity of LMXBs is correlated with the the near-IR luminosities, but the scatter exceeds that expected from measurement errors. The scatter in L_X(LMXB)/L_K appears to be correlated with the specific frequency of globular clusters, as reported earlier.

We cross-correlate X-ray binaries with globular clusters determined by ground-based optical and HST observations in 6 giant elliptical galaxies. With the largest sample reported so far (300 GC LMXBs with a 5:2 ratio between red and blue GCs), we compare their X-ray properties, such as X-ray hardness, XLF and L_X/L_B and find no statistically significance difference between different groups of LMXBs. Regardless of their association with GCs, both GC and field LMXBs appear to follow the radial profile of the optical halo light, rather than that of more extended GCs. This suggests that while metallicity is a primary factor in the formation of LMXBs in GCs, there may be a secondary factor (e.g., encounter rate) playing a non-negligible role.