大型低轨星座构型演化分析及维持控制策略研究

针对大型低轨星座构型维持控制问题,搭建了一套星座构型演化及维持控制分析流程,适用于千颗量级的大型低轨Walker卫星星座构型演化分析及维持控制;采用去平均漂移偏差的相对构型保持方法分析星座构型演化情况,有效减小了控制频次、均衡了控制卫星分布;采用自由段维持策略有序规划各卫星位置维持控制时序和控制弧段,实现了整个星座在时间和空间维度有序、分散的控制,降低了对星座服务性能的影响。     

低纬电离层等离子体块相关等离子体泡演化期间的虚高变化

针对东亚地区地磁低纬度南北半球Vanimo台站（地理2.7°S,141.3°E;地磁 11.2°S,146.2°W）和海南台站（地理19.5°N,109.1°E;地磁9.1°N,179.1°W）上空的3个电离层等离子体块与等离子体泡相关联的事件,利用地面台站的电离层测高仪连续观测数据,研究等离子体泡演化期间的电离层虚高变化。结果表明：以往提出的等离子体块出现约2 h之前等离子体垂直漂移速度从向上（东向电场）转为向下（西向电场）的观点,本文的3个事例均与之不符,或者距反转时间很远（约6 h）,或者由向下转为向上。在等离子体块形成时间点前的1 h内,均有突发的等离子体堆积的运动趋势,或是下降运动速度突然变慢,或是从下降转为向上运动,或是上升运动速度突然加快。这一堆积现象与等离子体块现象相关性更好,也不仅限于漂移速度从向上转变为向下。

     

基于解体事件的空间碎片轨道演化算法研究

针对航天器解体事件所生成的空间碎片的演化过程,进行了数学分析,确定了新生成的空间碎片的速度增量,在该增量作用下碎片轨道会发生变更,本文根据该增量得出了空间碎片在轨道变更后的轨道根数,分析了在大气阻力摄动作用下,空间碎片的数目和轨道分布的演化情况,给出了相关结果,结果表明此算法可行.     

大面质比空间碎片在太阳光压和引力作用下的轨道演化

分析了较高轨道(a > 10000km)大面质比空间碎片的轨道动力学演化问题. 重点讨论了位于地球同步轨道的空间碎片轨道演化问题, 并给出轨道偏心率 随时间演化的表达式. 通过进一步分析得出, 倾角大于63°26'的GTO轨 道空间碎片, 仅在J₂和第三体摄动影响下, 会出现轨道偏心率升高; 而对 于大面质比空间碎片, 在J₂项和太阳光压同时作用下, 当近地点指向的角 变率与太阳平黄经变化率接近时, 会出现长期共振现象, 导致轨道偏心率升 高, 近地点降低. 分析还得出, 轨道演化过程中, 偏心率的最大值与初始轨 道近地点的指向有关.     

Characterization and life prediction of single-pass honing tool for fuel injection nozzle

Single-pass honing is an important machining method for finish machining of holes, which can meet the requirement for high efficiency and consistency of holes. Characterization and life prediction of single-pass honing tool are necessary to improve the machining accuracy of holes honed, especially dimension accuracy. Single-pass honing tool is a single layer abrasive tool with fixed dimension, which still remains problematic for characterization and life prediction. For fuel injection nozzles with bore diameter under 1 mm, the stiffness of the single-pass honing tool is poor. This article presents a novel analytical model that predicts life of the tool with poor stiffness. Firstly, according to the bore diameter and dimension tolerance, the single-pass honing tool is designed and manufactured. Based on the prepared single-pass honing tool, the measurement and characterization methods are established. Furthermore, the tool wear tests are carried out, and the tool contour evolution model is established to predict the tool life.     

空间机器人抓捕碰撞分析与轨迹规划镇定控制

针对空间机器人抓捕目标过程中产生的碰撞冲击问题,分析了抓捕瞬态碰撞对机器人系统产生的影响,提出了一种控制力矩能量消耗少、对卫星平台基座扰动小的镇定控制方法,实现了对抓捕目标后组合体系统的镇定控制。首先,利用Kane方法建立了抓捕后的目标-机械臂-卫星平台组合体动力学模型;其次,利用ADAMS软件分析了瞬态碰撞冲击对空间机器人系统的影响,为后续镇定控制策略的设计提供初始仿真参数;采用四次多项式实现了机械臂关节空间轨迹的参数化,设定了基于控制力矩能量与基座扰动的加权目标函数,利用差分进化算法(DE)求解得到满足控制力矩能量消耗小、平台基座扰动少的机械臂关节空间轨迹。最后,利用七自由度空间机器人的数值仿真,验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

Influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the optimization of aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change

The spaceplane is perspective vehicle due to wide maneuverability in comparison with a space capsule. Its maneuverability is expressed by the larger flight range and also by a possibility to rotate orbital inclination in the atmosphere by the aerodynamic and thrust forces. Orbital plane atmospheric rotation maneuvers can significantly reduce fuel costs compared to rocket-dynamic non-coplanar maneuver. However, this maneuver occurs at Mach numbers about 25, and such velocities lead to non-equilibrium chemical reactions in the shock wave. Such reactions change a physicochemical air property, and it affects aerodynamic coefficients. This paper investigates the influence of non-equilibrium reactions on the aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change. The approach is to solve an optimization problem using the differential evolution algorithm with a temperature limitation. The spaceplane aerodynamic coefficients are determined by the numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The aerodynamic calculations are conducted for the cases of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. A comparison of optimal trajectories, control laws, and fuel costs is made between models of perfect and non-equilibrium gases. The effect of a chemically reacting gas on the finite parameters is also evaluated using control laws obtained for a perfect gas.     

圆柱体落水过程多相流体动力特性数值分析

针对圆柱体大角度落水过程多相流动问题,采用VOF多相流模型和重叠网格技术分析了低弗劳德数条件下圆柱体落水过程空泡演化、水动力特性以及尺度效应的影响。结果表明:不同直径的圆柱体落水空泡均发生拉断闭合,且空泡闭合时间随弗劳德数增加而线性增大。除落水抨击和空泡闭合阶段外,升力系数在空泡闭合前的平均增长率比空泡闭合后快。阻力系数从落水撞击至空泡闭合阶段变化一致,但是在空泡闭合后出现分化现象。     

Physical properties and long-term evolution of the debris clouds produced by two catastrophic collisions in Earth orbit

The population of cataloged orbital debris increased by approximately 40% in just a couple of years, from January 2007 to February 2009. This was due to two collisions in space, which involved the catastrophic destruction of three intact satellites (Fengyun 1C, Cosmos 2251 and Iridium 33) in high inclination orbits. Both events occurred in the altitude range already most affected by previous launch activity and breakup events, thus boosting the cataloged population in low Earth orbit by more than 60%.