赤道异常峰区电离层的某些特点

由于赤道异常北峰覆盖我国整个南部地带,因此对峰区电离层特征的研究就成为掌握中国电离层特点的关键之一。本文试图对以下六个问题作些介绍和评述:1.逐日起伏和子夜前极大;2.峰位置的移动;3.赤道异常的经度效应;4.不均匀结构引起的强闪烁和快速法拉第衰落;5.顶部电离层的离化突起和中性赤道异常;6.粒子沉降的双峰分布.      

超音速流中球头反向喷流流场的数值模拟

采用CSCM(Conservative Supra-Characteristics Method)格式结合激波捕捉法求解了Navier-Stokes方程。通过算例对喷口总压等于2.08倍到6.54倍波后总压等4种情况进行了计算。得到壁面压力分布、等密度线和典型流场速度矢最图。与实验结果和其它数值计算值进行了比较和分析,得到本文计算出的弓形激波脱体距离在喷口压力低时与实验值符合得很好;压力高时差些。     

0.66m直径对旋式轴流风机的设计和性能估算

对旋式轴流风机具有压力增益大、效率高、结构简单和轴向尺寸小等优点 ,但目前还缺乏现成的设计方法可供借鉴 ,为此笔者提出了一个可行的设计思路及方法 ,即按照常规单级后扭型和预扭型风机 ,分别设计对旋式风机的前后两级桨叶 ,然后修正它们之间的相互干扰。给出了这种设计方法的要点。讨论了两级桨叶的负载分配和前后桨叶各参数之间的关系。根据前后两级桨叶绕流过程的不同 ,重点考虑了它们之间的相互干扰 ,提出修正干扰的方法。进行风机性能估算 ,对缩短研制周期、及时修改设计参数、提高设计水平都是很有益的。样机试验表明 ,风机的设计和性能估算都是成功的     

高射速航炮余弹计数器的设计

主要介绍了高射速航炮余弹计数器的设计方法 ,给出了硬件电路和软件设计流程。     

Equatorial predictions from a new neural network based global foF2 model

A new neural network (NN) based global empirical model for the foF2 parameter, which represents the peak ionospheric electron density, has been developed using extended temporal and spatial geophysical relevant inputs. It has been proposed that this new model be considered as a suitable replacement for the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) model options currently used within the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model for the purpose of F2 peak electron density predictions. The most recent version of the model has incorporated data from 135 global ionospheric stations including a number of equatorial stations.     

Global validation of IRI TEC for high and medium solar activity conditions

The IRI model offers a choice of options for the computation of the electron density profile and electron content (TEC). Recently new options for the topside electron density profile have been developed, which have a strong impact on TEC. Therefore it is important to test massively the IRI and the new options with experimental data. A large number of permanent stations record dual frequency GPS data from which it is possible to obtain TEC values. Thirty-one worldwide distributed stations have been selected to investigate the capabilities of the IRI to reproduce experimental TEC. Data for years 2000 (high solar activity) and 2004 (medium solar activity) have been analyzed computing modeled values with the IRI-2001 and the IRI-2007-NeQuick topside options. It is found that IRI-2007-NeQuick option generally improves the estimate of the slant TEC, especially in the case of high latitudes stations during high solar activity.     

不同射流角下等离子体激励对平板气膜冷却影响的数值研究

采用大涡模拟（LES）方法对有/无等离子体激励条件下不同射流角时的平板气膜冷却流场进行了对比研究。结果表明:随着射流角的增大,冷却射流对主流的穿透率与气膜孔下游回流区的范围增大,发卡涡的强度及其抬升射流的能力增强并远离壁面,导致气膜冷却效率降低,但射流角为90°时部分低能冷却流体会进入回流区引起气膜冷却效率升高,故气膜冷却效率在射流角为35°时最大,在射流角为60°时最小;等离子体激励削弱了冷却射流对主流的穿透率,其下拉诱导作用也使得发卡涡头部受到的库塔 儒科夫斯基升力以及水平涡腿间的相互诱导力减小,抑制了发卡涡的发展并促使其破碎为近壁条带结构,从而提高了气膜冷却效率,且射流角越小,上述作用效果越明显,当射流角为35°时中心线气膜冷却效率提高了55%。      

一个低纬电离层理论模式

建立一个改进的低纬F层时变理论模式．采用沿磁力线分布的固定网格点，利用算子分裂方法求解离子连续性和动量方程，给出O＋、N2＋、O2＋和NO＋密度随纬度、高度变化的二维分布．对太阳活动高年的春分季节东亚区赤道异常日变化进行的模拟计算，较好地再现了赤道异常的典型特征．计算结果也表明HWM90模式给出的低纬夜间风速可能偏大；东亚区垂直漂移速度可能比美洲区的要小．     

Storm-time formation of a relativistic electron belt and some relevant phenomena in other magnetospheric plasma domains

An empirical formula relating the strength of a storm given by its |Dst|_max with the L-coordinate of the peak of storm-injected relativistic electrons is one of a few well-confirmed quantitative relations found in the magneto-spheric physics. We successively extended a dataset of the formula’s basic storms with several events of high Dst-amplitude up to the highest observed |Dst|_max = 600 nT. Possible applying of the formula to the predicting of the ring-current plasma-pressure distribution and the lowest westward electrojet position for a storm are discussed. We have also analyzed the 2000–2001 years’ data on relativistic electrons from our instruments installed on EXPRESS-A (geosynchronous orbit; E_e = 0.8–6 MeV), Molniya-3 (h = 500 × 40 000 km, i = 63°; E_e = 0.8–5.5 MeV) and GLONASS (h = 20 000 km, i = 64°; E_e  l MeV) along with other correlated measurements: GOES series (E_e > 2 MeV), geomagnetic indices (Dst, AE, AL) and interplanetary parameters (solar wind, IMF). The goal is to investigate which outer conditions are most responsible for the high/low output of the storm-injected relativistic electrons. For the geosynchronous orbit, two factors are found as the necessary condition of the highest electron output: high and long-lasting substorm activity on a storm recovery phase and high velocity of solar wind. On the contrary, extremely low substorm activity surely observed during whole the storm recovery phase constitutes a sufficient condition of the non-increased after-storm electron intensity. For the first time found cases of the increased after-storm electron intensity observed at the inner L-shells with no simultaneously seen increase in the geosynchronous distances are presented.     

基于AVR单片机输入捕捉功能的频率计设计

利用AVR单片机的输入捕捉功能,以ATmega16芯片为控制核心,配以适当的软硬件资源,设计了一款频率计。实验结果证明,该系统可以稳定实现频率的测量,并且测量误差满足设计要求。