Hard X-ray continuum from lunar surface: Results from High Energy X-ray spectrometer (HEX) onboard Chandrayaan-1

The High Energy X-ray spectrometer (HEX) on Chandrayaan-1 was designed to study the photon emission in the range of 30–270 keV from naturally occurring radioactive decay of ²³⁸U and ²³²Th series nuclides from the lunar surface. The primary objective of HEX was to study the transport of volatiles on the lunar surface using radon as a tracer and mapping the 46.5 keV line from ²¹⁰Pb, a decay product of ²²²Rn. HEX was tested for two days during the commissioning phase of Chandrayaan-1 and performance of all sub systems was found to be as expected. HEX started collecting science data during the first non-prime imaging season (February–April, 2009) of Chandrayaan-1. Certain anomalies persisted in this data set and the early curtailment of Chandrayaan-1 mission in August, 2009, did not allow any further operation of HEX. Despite these issues, HEX provided the first data set for 30–270 keV continuum emission, averaged over a significant portion of the lunar surface, including the polar region.     

能量有限元方法的双星整流罩中频声振环境预示

为了对某双星整流罩结构进行振动环境的预示,采用能量有限元分析(EFEA)的方法,建立了整流罩结构的能量有限元模型,并对其进行了振动环境的预示。作为比较,选取统计能量分析方法 (SEA),建立了该整流罩的统计能量模型,并与EFEA方法和实验测试结果进行了比较。结果表明,EFEA方法与SEA方法的结果在一定的频段内可以较好地预示结构,而且在该频段内,EFEA方法的结果相对SEA方法更接近于实测值,同时相比SEA方法,EFEA可以得到预示结果的空间分布。     

From the Solar Wind to the Magnetospheric Substorm

This paper gives a brief outline of the progression from the first substorm model developed in Ref.[4] and[8] based on Kennel's ideas[3], to the present views about the mechanism by which solar wind kinetic energy is converted to electromagnetic energy at the Bow Shock and by which this energy is transferred to the magnetosphere in the form of current; about the transformation of the energy of this current to gas kinetic energy of convecting plasma tubes, and, finally, the back transformation of gas kinetic energy to electromagnetic energy in secondary magnetospheric MHD generators. The questions of the formation of the magnetospheric convection system, the nature of substorm break-up, and of the matching of currents in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system are discussed.      

多脉冲能量控制在战术导弹中的作用

就能量控制的概念和技术在战术导弹中的应用发展作了综述,同时概要评述了以脉冲发动机为动力的导弹最佳能量控制技术的研究成果。最后结合远程多用途反坦克导弹的研究提出了建议。     

固体火箭发动机的能量管理技术研究

介绍了固体火箭发动机的能量管理技术对于提高战术导弹射程、命中精度等方面的作用,针对隔板式能量管理技术,分别对美国、加拿大、日本、德国等国的代表性研究方案进行了评述,指出了今后的研究方向。     

The Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer Instrument on the MESSENGER Spacecraft

The Energetic Particle and Plasma Spectrometer (EPPS) package on the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission to Mercury is composed of two sensors, the Energetic Particle Spectrometer (EPS) and the Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer (FIPS). EPS measures the energy, angular, and compositional distributions of the high-energy components of the in situ electrons (>20 keV) and ions (>5 keV/nucleon), while FIPS measures the energy, angular, and compositional distributions of the low-energy components of the ion distributions (<50 eV/charge to 20 keV/charge). Both EPS and FIPS have very small footprints, and their combined mass (∼3 kg) is significantly lower than that of comparable instruments.     

弹靶作用过程中陶瓷基复合材料的表面驻留行为

为提高陶瓷基复合材料在轻质装甲结构设计中应用的可行性,研究陶瓷基复合材料在抵抗弹体撞击时的表面驻留性能,进而探索其抗弹性能,旨在丰富和完善陶瓷基复合装甲材料的抗弹机理。采用数模模拟方法对弹体撞击SiC-Al陶瓷基复合材料表面驻留过程开展了深入研究,探索了复合材料的表面驻留行为,对比分析了复合材料和陶瓷材料表面驻留过程中应力水平和损伤演化过程。结果表明:复合材料表面驻留耗能为845J,比B_4C、SiC、AD99Al_2O_3陶瓷材料分别提高约46.0%、30.2%、35.7%;完全损伤的复合材料仍具有较一般陶瓷材料更高的承载能力,延长其驻留持续时间;复合材料损伤演化形式与陶瓷材料差异较大,导致损伤耗能占总驻留耗能的比例达到23.9%,比陶瓷材料提高了2倍多。     

某飞机综合热能管理系统初步研究

在对国外飞机环境控制与热能综合管理技术进行分析的基础上,以某飞机为背景,开展环境控制系统与热能综合管理系统的初步研究。提出某飞机环境控制与热能综合管理系统方案,初步完成各子系统能量的合理匹配,以期为民用飞机综合热能管理技术的预研发展提供依据。     

基于湍动能谱的自适应大涡模拟方法

为了在计算量有限的前提下实现对不同尺度上湍流燃烧结构的直接求解,提出了新的基于湍动能谱的自适应大涡模拟的概念。在这一概念下,利用湍动能谱和自适应网格技术建立了跨尺度算法,从而实现DNS和LES两种方法的耦合。在湍流非预混氢气射流火焰的模拟中,该方法既能捕捉大尺度湍流结构,又能分辨小尺度燃烧结构,计算出的物理量的瞬态和时均分布和DNS结果吻合得较好。计算偏差主要体现在DNS和LES区域的过渡处,这与亚格子湍动能在过渡处的变化不够平滑有关,表明跨尺度算法需要优化,以完善对不同尺度间湍动能传输的模拟。      

舰尾流影响下的舰载机着舰控制与仿真研究

舰载机着舰时处于“低速大迎角下滑”的飞行状态,飞机的操纵性下降,加上舰尾雄鸡尾流的干扰,如果不能很好地控制很可能造成着舰失败。搭建考虑高度影响的舰载机着舰动力学模型,从“力与运动的动态关系”和“能量转换”两个角度进行舰载机着舰过程物理机理的研究,并利用模糊PID控制器的快速收敛能力对比分析迎角、速度和高度三个反馈量,升降舵和油门杆两个控制量,共六个控制通道的控制机理和内在关系,得出它们的优劣势和适用情况。进行有风扰动下的控制仿真及分析,筛选出油门杆高度反馈PID控制器作为舰尾流扰动下的控制系统,仿真结果验证了该控制器的有效性。