三维极小脱靶量与极小能量综合最优控制律研究与仿真

根据空间平台拦截器与目标的相对运动方程,基于线性系统最优控制理论提出了一种综合三维极小脱靶量与极小能量的最优控制律。给出了最优推力大小与方向控制,以及最优过渡时间和关机时刻确定的模型。仿真结果表明:该最优控制律控制精度高,易于工程实现。     

CVD技术制备Ta/W层状复合材料

运用化学气相沉积(Chemical Vapor Deposition,CVD)技术制备了W体积分数分别10%,13%和18%的Ta/W两层层状复合材料,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和室温拉伸实验对复合材料的性能进行分析。结果表明:运用CVD技术可以制备W体积分数不同,且密度优于理论密度99.4%的层状复合材料;复合材料中Ta,W层的晶粒均为柱状晶粒,离界面越近,晶粒越细;沉积态复合材料的力学性能优于纯CVD Ta和CVD W;1600℃×2 h的热处理后,复合材料的界面扩散层宽度显著增大,力学性能高于沉积态的力学性能,最高抗拉强度可达660 MPa。     

熔融沉积成型连续碳纤维增强尼龙蜂窝芯材的压缩特性

采用熔融沉积成型方法成形了连续碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料蜂窝芯材,并对不同测试方向的静态单轴压缩特性进行了表征分析,着重关注不同测试方向熔融沉积成形蜂窝芯材平面静态压缩破碎行为和能量吸收行为,并与纯聚合物基体进行对比。结果表明:X_1方向的压缩平台区域的力-位移曲线更加平滑稳定,且载荷值稍高于X_2方向,因此X_1方向更适用于能量吸收应用;此外,连续纤维的增强作用可使蜂窝芯材的平台载荷值得到明显提升。研究结果为连续纤维增强聚合物复合材料的空间增材制造提供理论基础。     

CLVD 法制备C/C复合材料工艺探索研究

研究了采用化学液气相沉积法制备C／C复合材料的工艺过程，分析了不同预制件、温度、浸泡时间等工艺参数对致密速度、效果的影响，并总结出了一套快速高效的致密方法。     

自然通风和蒸发冷却在新疆建筑应用的数值分析

为了使新疆和田地区夏季在经济性合理前提下使室内通风环境满足人体热舒适要求。利用蒸发冷却技术将室外空气处理后送入室内，通过数值模拟分析得出在夏季室内负荷最大时刻采用机械辅助式自然通风，使得室温能够雏持在26-8℃，风速为0．6m/s，基本满足人体热舒适要求。在室外温度适宜的过渡季节采用Trombe墙和太阳能烟囱复合的自然通风系统，建筑太阳能烟囱的经济高度为10m。     

Solar cycle and latitude dependence of high-beta suprathermal plasma conditions in interplanetary space between 1.3 and 5.4 AU

The analysis of energetic particles and magnetic field measurements from the Ulysses spacecraft has shown that in a series of events, the energy density contained in the suprathermal tail particle distribution is comparable to or larger than that of the magnetic field, creating conditions of high-beta plasma. In this work we analyze periods of high-beta suprathermal plasma occurrences (β_ep > 1) in interplanetary space, using the ratio (β_ep) of the energetic particle (20 keV to ∼5 MeV) and magnetic field energy densities from measurements covering the entire Ulysses mission lifetime (1990–2009) in order to reveal new or to reconfirm some recently defined interesting characteristics. The main key-results of the work are summarized as follows: (i) we verify that high-beta events are detected within well identified regions corresponding mainly to the vicinity of shock surfaces and magnetic structures, and associated with energetic particle intensity enhancements due to (a) reacceleration at shock-fronts and (b) unusually large magnetic field depressions. (ii) We define three considerable features for the high-beta events, concentrated on the next points: (a) there is an appreciable solar-activity influence on the high-beta events, during the maximum and middle solar-cycle phase, (b) the annual peak magnitude and the number of occurrences of high events are well correlated with the sunspot number, (c) the high-beta suprathermal plasma events present a spatial distribution in heliographic latitudes (HL) up to ∼±80°, and a specific important concentration on the low (−25° ? HL < −6°, 6° < HL ? 25°) and median (−45° ? HL < −25°, 25° < HL ? 45°) latitudes. We also reconfirm by a statistical analysis the results of Marhavilas and Sarris (2011), that the high-beta suprathermal plasma (β_ep > 1) events are characterized by a very large parameter β_ep (up to 1732.5), a great total duration (406 days) and a large percentage of the Ulysses-mission lifetime (which is equal to 6.34% of the total duration with usable measurements, and 11.3% of the duration in presence of suprathermal particles events).     

化学气相沉积/渗透技术综述

综述了化学气相沉积技术的最新发展，包括金属有机化合物化学气相沉积，等离子辅助化学气相沉积，激光化学气相沉积；同时介绍了三种用于制备工程材料的快速致密化化学气相渗透技术，包括强迫流动热梯度化学气相渗透，化学液相沉积，感应加热热梯度快速致密化技术。     

Energy conversion of the flare due to direct electric fields from the sheared reconnection

In this paper we present a new mechanism of the main energy conversion of the solar flare. Since a flare inducing prominence (flux tube) rises V_z ? 300 km s⁻¹, the plasmas below it cannot continuously eject with Alfvén speeds of V_A = 3000 km s⁻¹ but probably with V_z ≈ ±100 km s⁻¹. Plasma up and downflows with V_A will within a short duration be blocked between the chromosphere where reconnected flux tubes are piling up, and the slowly rising flux rope. Hence the Petschek slow shock mechanism is difficult to be realized as a major energy converting mechanism.     

热障涂层技术在航空发动机涡轮叶片上的应用

热障涂层是提高航空发动机涡轮叶片工作温度的有效途径之一。根据某型发动机高压涡轮工作叶片、导向器叶片的结构特点和各种涂层制备技术的优缺点,制定了工作叶片和导向叶片表面底层、面层和内腔的涂层制备方案。对工作叶片、导向器叶片材料试样表面涂层的性能开展一系列测试试验。结果表明:涂层性能满足要求,涂层制备方案合理可行;对工作叶片、导向器叶片内表面涂层的厚度,气膜孔径的影响以及质量增加情况进行测量分析,结果均满足设计要求,表明涂层制备工艺合理可行。     

太阳能飞行器能源昼夜闭环仿真分析

以能量为核心，建立太阳能飞行器的获能模型；通过对太阳能飞行器飞行剖面特点的分析，设计飞行过程中各个阶段的飞行方案，并建立相应的耗能模型；考虑目前储能电池技术水平，根据产能和耗能模型，建立储能模型，完成了能源闭环模型的设计；参照Zephyr 7太阳能无人机的结构参数对论文建立的模型进行了仿真分析，获取了飞行过程中能量变化规律，同时对飞行姿态进行优化。结果表明：通过对太阳能飞行器昼夜飞行高度的不同设置以及飞行姿态角的优化，太阳能飞行器可以实现跨昼夜持久飞行。