低成本捷联惯导不对称动态误差的神经网络补偿

 针对低成本捷联惯导系统(SINS)中陀螺动态误差的不对称性在角振动条件下造成姿态漂移的问题,设计了多层前向神经网络的补偿模型。在标定模型参数时,为降低对外部参考信号测量精度的要求,提出用姿态解算的最终误差作为网络优化目标的训练方法。由于最终的姿态误差不是网络的期望输出,无法采用有导师的训练方法,为此采用了微粒群优化算法。仿真实验结果表明:补偿后的陀螺动态误差的不对称度减小了一个数量级。     

Simulation study of motion of charged particles trapped in Earth’s magnetosphere

This article aims to understand the motion of the charged particles trapped in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere. The emphasis is on identifying the numerical scheme, which is appropriate to characterize the trajectories of the charged particles of different energies that enter the Earth’s magnetosphere and get trap along the magnetic field lines. These particles perform three different periodic motions, namely: gyration, bounce, and azimuthal drift. However, often, the gyration of the particle is ignored, and only the guiding center of the particle is traced to reduce the computational time. It is because the simulation of all three motions (gyro, bounce, and drift) together needed a robust numerical scheme, which has less numerical dissipation. We have developed a three-dimensional test particle simulation model in which the relativistic equation of motion is solved numerically using the fourth and sixth-order Runge-Kutta methods. The stability of the simulation model is verified by checking the conservation of total kinetic energy and adiabatic invariants linked with each type of motion. We found that the sixth-order Runge-Kutta method is suitable to trace the complete trajectories of both proton and electron of a wide energy range, 5 keV to 250 MeV for L = 2 – 6. We have estimated the bounce and drift periods from the simulations, and they are found to be in good agreement with the theory. The study implies that a simulation model with sixth-order Runge-Kutta method can be applied to the time-vary, non-analytical form of magnetic configuration in future studies to understand the dynamics of charged particles trapped in Earth’s magnetosphere.     

双损耗Al2O3基多孔吸波材料的制备及其吸波性能

基于片状Al₂O₃陶瓷互锁结构强度高的特点,制备出夹杂石墨的高气孔率的Al₂O₃多孔陶瓷,并通过原位还原在多孔骨架中制备出Ni微粒,形成一种轻质的双损耗陶瓷基吸波材料。通过XRD、FE-SEM和EDS研究了还原温度对多孔吸波材料的组成、微观形貌、元素分布和吸波性能的影响。结果表明,还原温度升温至700 ℃可将多孔网络中Ni完全还原,形成以堆叠互锁Al₂O₃为基,夹杂片状石墨和孔表面覆盖Ni微粒的双损耗轻质吸波材料。当复合材料厚度为6.5 mm时,最小反射损耗为-35.01 dB,有效吸收带宽达到1.75 GHz。片状Al₂O₃锁定的石墨片构筑的导电网络,Ni微粒与基体之间的极化效应等共同促进复合材料良好的微波吸收性能。     

空间网络技术发展分析与建议

针对空间数据传输与交互支持问题,介绍了CCSDS(Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems,空间数据系统咨询委员会)、IOAG/IOP(Interagency Operations Advisory Group/InterOperability Plenary,机构间操作指导组/机构间互操作大会),以及IETF/IRTF (Internet Engineering Task Force/Internet Research Task Force,互联网工程任务组/互联网研究任务组)在空间网络体系架构方面的研究进展,分析了IETF和CCSDS针对空间网络环境所发布的最新网络层协议和传输层协议.研究结果表明,IP(Internet Protocol,互联网协议)和DTN(Delay Tolerant Networking,容延迟网络)是空间网络协议体系的2个发展方向,而空间网络技术则呈现出3个清晰的发展趋势,现阶段需要重点关注路由、服务质量保证和数据流传输这3个方面的技术问题.     

Mass and performance optimization of an airplane wing leading edge structure against bird strike using Taguchi-based grey relational analysis

Collisions between birds and aircraft are one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. In this study, smoothed particles hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used for simulating the bird strike to an airplane wing leading edge structure. In order to verify the model, first, experiment of bird strike to a flat aluminum plate is simulated, and then bird impact on an airplane wing lead-ing edge structure is investigated. After that, considering dimensions of wing internal structural components like ribs, skin and spar as design variables, we try to minimize structural mass and wing skin deformation simultaneously. To do this, bird strike simulations to 18 different wing structures are made based on Taguchi’s L18 factorial design of experiment. Then grey relational analysis is used to minimize structural mass and wing skin deformation due to the bird strike. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is also applied and it is concluded that the most significant parameter for the performance of wing structure against impact is the skin thickness. Finally, a validation simu-lation is conducted under the optimal condition to show the improvement of performance of the wing structure.     

碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料及其口盖的研制

采用一种新型的复合材料替代传统的材料应用于航天产品推进舱上的口盖。经过复合材料制备、预镦粗变形、热轧和冷轧、热处理、表面阳极氧化等工艺过程，成功地制备了ＳｉＣｐ／ＬＤ１０复合材料口盖。探讨了制备过程中的工艺选择和工艺参数，并对复合材料板材的性能进行了测试。     

固体填充剂对推进剂力学性能的影响

借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及微型动态拉伸装置测试手段，对含固体颗粒填充剂的丁羟复合固体推进剂（HTPB）和硝酸酯增塑的聚醚高能推进剂（NEPE）中的微相结构进行了断口微观形貌观察和推进剂拉伸试件在拉应力作用下的断裂过程分析。结果表明，固体颗粒的形状，粒径尺寸，粒度分布和级配变化，以及固体填料／粘合剂的界面性质等因素对推进剂力学性能有着重要的影响。     

高速公路融合式联网收费系统设计与实现

随着高速公路的迅猛发展以及计算机网络、通信等高新技术的发展 ,高速公路逐步走向智能化 ,并将最终发展成为智能交通系统 ( ITS Intelligent Transport System)。相应地 ,高速公路的收费技术呈现出网络化和智能化的趋势。文中介绍一种新型的融合式的自动收费系统 ,它采用智能卡技术 ,融合了人工收费方式和半自动收费方式 ,不仅支持现有系统的收费方式 ,而且还为将来采用电子收费 ( ETC Electronic Toll Collection)技术提供了接口功能 ,使系统具有较强的适应性和较好的扩展性 ,满足高速公路建设的要求     

Relationships between energetic storm particle events and interplanetary shocks driven by full and partial halo coronal mass ejections

We have analysed energetic storm particle (ESP) events in 116 interplanetary (IP) shocks driven by front-side full and partial halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) with speeds $>$400 km s^?1during the years 1996–2015. We investigated the occurrence and relationships of ESP events with several parameters describing the IP shocks, and the associated CMEs, type II radio bursts, and solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Most of the shocks (57 %) were associated with an ESP event at proton energies $>$1 MeV.The shock transit speeds from the Sun to 1 AU of the shocks associated with an ESP event were significantly greater than those of the shocks without an ESP event, and best distinguished these two groups of shocks from each other. The occurrence and maximum intensity of the ESP events also had the strongest dependence on the shock transit speed compared to the other parameters investigated. The correlation coefficient between ESP peak intensities and shock transit speeds was highest (0.73 $\pm$ 0.04) at 6.2 MeV. Weaker dependences were found on the shock speed at 1 AU, Alfvénic and magnetosonic Mach numbers, shock compression ratio, and CME speed. On average all these parameters were significantly different for shocks capable to accelerate ESPs compared to shocks not associated with ESPs, while the differences in the shock normal angle and in the width and longitude of the CMEs were insignificant.The CME-driven shocks producing energetic decametric–hectometric (DH) type II radio bursts and high-intensity SEP events proved to produce also more frequently ESP events with larger particle flux enhancements than other shocks. Together with the shock transit speed, the characteristics of solar DH type II radio bursts and SEP events play an important role in the occurrence and maximum intensity of ESP events at 1 AU.     

旋转条件下固体火箭发动机三维内流场数值模拟

基于颗粒轨道模型,通过运动方程加入过载加速度的方式建立了旋转条件下固体火箭发动机内三维两相流的数值模型,并利用该模型研究了不同的旋转加速度对固体火箭发动机中粒子运动轨迹以及聚集浓度的影响。结果表明,随着发动机旋转速度的增大,粒子的聚集带逐渐向壁面附近扩散,在发动机的轴向附近形成一个无粒子区域,旋转速度越大,无粒子区域越大;当旋转速度增加到一定值,粒子的聚集带向外扩散至壁面上,在前封头附近的壁面上形成一条与发动机母线成一定夹角的高浓度聚集带。