燃气空调的应用及展望

通过将燃气空调与传统的电空调器进行对比，指出燃气空调具有能源利用合理、环保、节能高效等优点，并对燃气空调的发展应用进行了展望，认为燃气空调将成为我国未来新型空调的发展方向。     

锥形预混火焰羽流脱落过程的实验诊断

为了研究锥形预混火焰的羽流脱落特性,以丙烷-空气预混火焰为实验对象,通过粒子图像测速技术对锥形预混火焰的羽流速度场进行了实验研究,动态模态分解法对得到的速度场进行了模态分解和主要特征重构还原。同时采用光电倍增器对火焰热释放强度信号进行实时采集,采用双热电偶法对然后热气体的温度进行了重建。结果表明在浮力诱导下燃尽气体与周围环境空气相互剪切形成剪切层（BSL）, BSL 的 KH 不稳定性诱导产生了涡,涡作用于燃尽区附近的流场,扰动传至火焰面附近区域,与火焰剪切层（FSL）的 DL 不稳定性耦合,表现为火焰面的脉动和火焰热释放率的脉动。通过近红外自发光成像得到的热气体自发光强度与温度信号有较强的相关性,热气体呈现出与速度场相似的周期性传播模式,为研究预混火焰的羽流脱落特性提供了新的思路。     

Interplanetary Physics in Mainland China

During the past two years (2016-2018), great achievements have been made in the Chinese research of interplanetary physics, with nearly 100 papers published in the academic journals. The achievements are including but not limited to the following topics:solar corona; solar wind and turbulence; filament/prominence and jets; solar flare; radio bursts; particle acceleration at coronal shocks; magnetic flux ropes; instability; instrument; Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and their interplanetary counterparts; Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical modeling; solar energetic particles and cosmic rays. The progress further improves our understanding of the eruptions of solar activities, their evolutions and propagations in the heliosphere, and final geoeffects on our Earth. These results were achieved by the Chinese solar and space scientists independently or via international collaborations. This paper will give a brief review of these achievements.     

高比例SiCp/Al复合材料热膨胀系数的研究

通过无压渗透法工艺 ,选用不同颗粒度 ( 70 #,10 0 #,15 0 #,180 #) ,不同颗粒形状 (不规则多边形 ,近球形 )的SiC ,制备了不同基体材料 (纯铝 ,ZL10 1,ZL3 0 1)的复合材料试样 ,并用云栅干涉法对各试样的膨胀系数进行了测定。结果表明 :SiCp Al的膨胀系数随颗粒尺寸的增大而下降 ,近球形颗粒增强复合材料的膨胀系数比不规则多边形要小 ,不同基体材料的复合材料的膨胀系数按着ZL10 1,纯铝 ,ZL3 0 1的顺序增大     

影响A(D)C发泡剂粒径因素的探讨

A(D)C发泡剂的粒径对其发泡速度以及发气量等产生很大影响,通过在联二脲氧化阶段的反应温度、催化刑的加入量、添加不同的表面活性剂等的研究,探索出影响A(D)C发泡剂的粒径的规律,以适应市场的不同需求。     

垂直激波条件下能量粒子加速机制的模拟研究

在具有湍动的磁场和垂直激波条件下对大量测试粒子的轨迹进行了数值计算,研究了激波强度和粒子初始能量对于粒子穿越激波的平均能量变化的影响,分析了漂移加速(SDA)在不同条件下对粒子加速的贡献,并给出了一个与数值结果相符合的漂移加速理论公式△E=amvivup(1-1/s).结果表明,加入磁场湍流后,垂直激波条件下粒子仍主要受到漂移加速作用,而基于粒子引导中心的耗散漂移加速理论在此条件下失效.      

天基导弹紫外预警及紫外预警探测仪

文章简单介绍了国外导弹紫外预警的研究现状,分析了紫外预警的关键要素。     

磁场重联的二维粒子模拟研究

利用二维全粒子模拟方法研究了无碰撞等离子体中的磁场重联过程,得到了不同区域的离子和电子速度分布。计算结果表明,电子和离子在扩散区中的不同动力学特性产生的Hall电流使磁场的y分量B_y呈现四极形分布。离子和电子的速度分布偏离了初态时的Maxwell分布,呈现非局域的多重分布。同时由于磁场重联而产生的电场使电子在X点附近得到加速和加热,因而在电子的能谱分布中形成一高能尾。     

太阳风粒子速度分布不对称性的产生机制

1引言太阳风中由于磁场的作用,在垂直磁场平面内质子做回旋运动．通常在此平面的质子速度分布函数是旋转对称的．实际观测中,虽然大部分由测量值内插得到的速度分布是旋转对称的,但少数是不对称的．产生这种不对称性的原因还不清楚．文献川提出o粒子与间断面相互作用可产生非回族对称分布．由于这种非旋转对称的速度分布应是不稳定的,因而会很快弛豫到了旋转对称的分布．很难解释非对称的分布可经常被观测到的事实．我们认为这种非对称分布的观测结果并不一定是真实的非回旋对称的分布函数产生的而可能是由于太阳风等离子体小尺度的不均…     

Numerical study on combustion efficiency of aluminum particles in solid rocket motor

The combustion of aluminum particles in solid rocket motor plays an important role in energy release of propellants. However, due to the limited residence time, aluminum particles may not be burned completely, thus hindering the improvement of specific impulse. This study aims to explore the characteristics of aluminum combustion efficiency and its influencing factors by experiments and numerical simulations, providing a guideline for engine performance improvement. As an input of simulation, the initial agglomerate size was measured by a high pressure system. Meanwhile, the size distribution of the particles in plume was measured by ground firing test to validate the numerical model. Then, a two-phase flow model coupling combustion of micro aluminum particle was developed, by which the detailed effects of particle size, detaching position and nozzle convergent section structure on aluminum combustion efficiency were explored. The results suggest that the average combustion temperature in the chamber drops with increasing initial particle size, while the maximum temperature increases slightly. In the tested motors, the aluminum particle burns completely as its diameter is smaller than 50 μm, and beyond 50 μm the combustion efficiency decreases obviously with the increase of initial size. As the diameter approaches to 75 μm, the combustion efficiency becomes more sensitive to particle size. The combustion efficiency of aluminum particle escaping from end-burning surfaces is significantly higher than that from internal burning surface, where the particle combustion efficiency decreases during approaching the convergent section. Furthermore, the combustion efficiency decreases slightly with increasing nozzle convergent section angle. And theoretically it is feasible to improve combustion efficiency of aluminum particles by designing the convergent profile of nozzle.