Electromagnetic riveting technique and its applications

With the increasing applications of novel materials and structures in new-generation aircraft, conventional joining techniques in aircraft component assembly are greatly challenged. To meet those challenges, the electromagnetic riveting (EMR) technique was developed as an advanced joining tool, which exhibits obvious advantages in the assembly of new-generation aircraft. In this paper, the riveting principle of EMR was analyzed, and its development history and status were presented in detail. Then, equipment features of three typical EMR systems were given. Moreover, three important applications of EMR were covered, i.e., composite structure riveting, titanium rivet and large-size aluminum rivet riveting, and interference fit bolt installation. Specially, a novel strengthening method for mechanical linking holes based on EMR was also presented, which can significantly improve the fatigue behaviors of mechanical joints. Finally, open questions in the EMR field were discussed, and some recommendations for future work were also made. This paper can be useful for optimizing the joint designs of aircraft components and improving the level of aircraft maintenance.     

Adjustable box-wing model for solar radiation pressure impacting GPS satellites

One of the major uncertainty sources affecting Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite orbits is the direct solar radiation pressure. In this paper a new model for the solar radiation pressure on GPS satellites is presented that is based on a box-wing satellite model, and assumes nominal attitude. The box-wing model is based on the physical interaction between solar radiation and satellite surfaces, and can be adjusted to fit the GPS tracking data.     

常闭式电磁制动器驱动结构设计及性能分析

针对常闭式电磁制动器耗能高、制动力密度小、励磁线圈发热严重等缺点，尝试将永磁体引入至制动器驱动结构中，设计出了一种电磁与永磁混合作用的新型电永磁驱动结构。结合有限元软件，采用有限元法分析了其内部磁通量分布并研究励磁线圈电流、气隙及永磁体结构形状等因素对电磁力的影响。结果表明，电磁与永磁两磁场耦合性较好，电磁吸力随电流增加及气隙的减小增幅较大，且同等条件下L形永磁体的电磁驱动结构对衔铁的吸力最大，对电磁制动器轻量化研究具有指导意义。     

Ground-based and satellite DC-ULF electric field anomalies around Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake

The ground-based and satellite DC-ULF electric field data were analyzed around Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake on May 12, 2008 in China. The results show that ground electric field anomalies occurred at 3 stations located to the north and south of the epicenter with the amplitude of 3–100 mV/km. The change shapes and their amplitude of ground electric field anomalies are different largely due to their individual underground layer conductivity, water level and so on. The analysis of long time series illustrates that the abnormal geoelectric field started since March 2008. Onboard the DEMETER satellite, the ULF waveforms of electric field were collected and processed by wavelet transform method. The disturbances in the ionosphere were about 3–5 mV/m at a frequency band lower than 0.5 Hz. When the ground and space electric field anomalies were compared, their occurrence time and spatial distribution points are consistent with each other, including the long time anomalies from March 2008 and the short term ones 1–2 days before the Wenchuan earthquake. Finally, the coupling mechanism was discussed.     

Efficient prediction of ground noise from helicopters and parametric studies based on acoustic mapping

Based on the acoustic mapping, a prediction model for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is established. For the enhancement of calculation efficiency, a high-efficiency second-level acoustic radiation model capable of taking the influence of atmosphere absorption on noise into account is first developed by the combination of the point-source idea and the rotor noise radiation characteristics. The comparison between the present model and the direct computation method of noise is done and the high efficiency of the model is validated. Rotor free-wake analysis method and Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation are applied to the aerodynamics and noise prediction in the present model. Secondly, a database of noise spheres with the characteristic parameters of advance ratio and tip-path-plane angle is established by the helicopter trim model together with a parametric modeling approach. Furthermore, based on acoustic mapping, a method of rapid simulation for the ground noise radiated from an in-flight helicopter is developed. The noise footprint for AH-1 rotor is then calculated and the influence of some parameters including advance ratio and flight path angle on ground noise is deeply analyzed using the developed model. The results suggest that with the increase of advance ratio and flight path angle, the peak noise levels on the ground first increase and then decrease, in the meantime, the maximum Sound Exposure Level (SEL) noise on the ground shifts toward the advancing side of rotor. Besides, through the analysis of the effects of longitudinal forces on miss-distance and rotor Blade-Vortex Interaction (BVI) noise in descent flight, some meaningful results for reducing the BVI noise on the ground are obtained.     

大型或复杂构形辐射等效热平衡试验方法

对于大型或复杂构形不能参加的不完整状态热平衡试验,提出并证明了使试验等效完整状态的必要条件,即补偿两种状态下参试部位吸收的辐射热流之差。为验证这种等效方法的充分性,利用两种热分析软件对一个构造算例的多种状态进行了数值试验,结果表明方法可行。     

热控涂层参数对卫星辐射特性的影响

为分析卫星红外和可见光双光谱辐射特性,分别建立了采用节点网络法求解卫星表面热控涂层温度和卫星辐射特性的计算模型,依据粗糙表面光散射理论计算了涂层表面对太阳、地球和地球反照辐射的吸收和反射。通过数值模拟,计算分析了卫星对地面的温度变化规律。最后,选择不同的热控涂层参数,获得了对卫星在红外和可见光波段的辐射特征的影响。     

航天器在轨全过程表面辐射热计算数值仿真研究

对在轨航天器表面辐射热计算进行了全过程数值仿真研究。航天器结构较复杂,针对不同结构进行区域分解,对几何模型进行相应的规则化,同时采用结构化网格和非结构化网格建立通用的计算网格自生成技术。仿真过程重点考虑了任意曲面的网格自动划分和任意形状交界面的数据传递,兼顾几何结构、物理过程、计算精度和计算速度。将有限元法和能束均匀分布法相结合计算角系数和辐射传递系数。将积分法和能束均匀分布法相结合计算外热流。由于在轨航天器表面多用多层隔热组件包裹,针对这部分结构采用节点网络法和控制容积法计算其表面温度,而未被包裹的结构采用有限元法计算其表面温度。对具有辐射换热关系的非连通区域温度场的有限元计算进行了分析和公式推导。最后,用Microsoft VC++6.0编程设计开发了近地轨道航天器表面辐射热计算仿真软件。