非晶态MgNi+x%B储氢合金的制备及其电化学性能

采用机械合金化方法制备了非晶态MgNi+x%B(x=0,2,5,10)储氢合金材料。XRD结构分析表明,含B三元合金的非晶衍射峰的半高宽较宽。合金电极的放电容量随B含量的增加先增加后减小,MgNi+5%B合金电极的放电容量较MgNi合金电极提高了11.9%。合金电极的循环稳定性随B含量的增加而增加,MgNi+10%B合金电极的容量保持率S10较MgNi合金电极提高了67.76%。添加B改善了合金电极的动力学性能,MgNi+5%B合金电极的HRD400、I0和IL分别较MgNi合金电极提高了40.0%,351.5%和20.21%。     

转速对20 mm厚2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接件的组织及性能的影响

对20 mm厚的2219 C10S铝合金板材进行搅拌摩擦焊对接试验,在进给速度为100 mm/min的条件下,对比研究转速为400～550 r/min时的对接接头的内部缺陷、宏观形貌及微观组织、显微硬度和拉伸力学性能的差异。结果表明,当转速为400～500 r/min时,焊接接头无缺陷,能获得内部质量较高的焊接接头。随着转速的增加,焊核区“洋葱环”的间距和轴肩影响区的范围增大,焊核区和热力影响区的硬度的降低越明显。接头的拉伸性能随转速的增大而降低,拉伸强度最高可达到334 MPa,接头断裂模式主要为韧性断裂,断裂位置发生在后退侧的热力影响区与热影响区的交界处,与显微硬度最小位置相吻合。当转速增大至525 r/min时,焊缝出现表面点状缺陷;当转速达到550 r/min时,焊缝出现连续的犁沟缺陷。     

PBO-C/ E 复合材料的界面及压力容器性能

研究了PBO纤维与T700碳纤维混杂复合材料的界面性能和压力容器性能。采用层间剪切强度测试和吸水率测试研究了不同混杂比对混杂复合材料界面粘接性能和吸水性能的影响。研制了PBO纤维与T700碳纤维混杂复合材料Ф150 mm压力容器,对容器的水压爆破性能和轴压承载性能进行了测试。结果表明:混杂复合材料的层间剪切强度随着混杂比增大逐渐升高,当T700碳纤维含量较低时,混杂复合材料界面粘接性能提高并不明显;混杂复合材料的吸水率介于PBO纤维和T700碳纤维复合材料之间,近似符合"混合定律",界面数对混杂复合材料吸水性影响较大;混杂复合材料Ф150 mm容器的PV/W随着混杂比增大逐渐降低,混杂工艺能够使PBO纤维复合材料容器的轴压承载性能提高31%。     

新型三维织物夹芯复合材料的制备及其力学性能

以玻璃纤维为原料,采用特殊的三维织造工艺,织制经向剖面为矩形的新型三维夹芯织物。以环氧树脂E-51、9055型固化剂组成树脂基体体系,采用手糊成型工艺将上述机织物复合制成三维织物夹芯复合材料。对高度为10、20及30 mm的三维织物夹芯复合材料的力学性能进行研究,重点分析夹芯层高度对材料压缩与弯曲性能的影响。结果表明:随着夹芯层高度的增加,材料的压缩强度与模量逐渐下降,弯曲强度逐渐上升,弯曲模量逐渐下降,其中纬向弯曲强度明显大于经向。     

辅助摩擦电铸Ni-Mn合金的力学性能

利用一种新的电铸技术--游离粒子辅助摩擦电铸技术进行Ni-Mn合金的电铸试验.研究了工艺参数对Ni-Mn合金电铸层显微硬度和拉伸性能的影响规律.试验结果表明,游离粒子的辅助摩擦作用和电铸层中的锰元素共同影响着电铸层的力学性能.随着阴极旋转速率的提高,电铸层中锰含量不断增加,且游离粒子对电铸层的摩擦、挤压作用随之加强,电...     

改性羰基铁粉/ 硅橡胶材料的制备及其力学性能

以微米级改性羰基铁粉为填充剂,甲基乙烯基硅橡胶为基体,制备了高温硫化的羰基铁粉/硅橡胶复合材料.研究了偶联剂种类、用量及羰基铁粉填充量对复合材料力学性能的影响,利用扫描电镜对硫化胶断面的微观结构进行了观察.结果表明,采用硅烷偶联剂KH570、KH151改性羰基铁粉都能提高复合材料的拉伸强度,其中KH151的改性效果要优于KH570;KH151的最佳用量为羰基铁粉质量的1%;在一定范围内随着改性羰基铁粉体积分数的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度增大.羰基铁粉体积分数超过60%后,混炼困难.     

Vectran纤维复合材料拉伸与撕裂性能研究

文章对Vectran纤维织物及Vectran纤维织物复合材料的拉伸和撕裂性能进行了试验研究;分析了环境温度对Vectran纤维织物拉伸性能的影响;讨论了不同涂层厚度下织物复合材料的抗拉特性与破坏模式。试验结果表明Vectran纤维织物材料的拉伸性能明显的受环境温度影响;材料失效破坏模式,对Vectran纤维织物主要为纤...     

Linear Shaped Charge Cutting Property and Charge Cutting Mechanism of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn Alloy

The linear shaped charge cutting technology is an effective technology for aircraft separation. It can separate invalid components from aircrafts timely to achieve light-weight. Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal material, and can be used to cast effective light-weight components of an aircraft construction. However, the application study of the linear shaped charge cutting technology on magnesium alloy components is basically blank. In response to the demand for the linear separation of magnesium alloys, the Mg-12Gd-0.5Y-0.4Zn alloy is selected to carry out the target shaped charge cutting test. The effects of the shaped charge line density, cutting thickness, and mechanical properties on the cutting performance of the alloy are studied. The shaped charge cutting mechanism is analyzed through the notch structure. The results show that the linear shaped charge cutting performance is significantly affected by the penetration and the collapse. The higher the linear density is, the stronger the ability of the linear shaped charge cutter is, and the greater the penetration depth is, which is advantageous. However, the target structure will be damaged when it is too large (e.g., 4.5 g?m-1). Within 12 mm, when the cutting thickness of the target increases, the penetration depth increases. The lower the tensile strength is, the greater the penetration depth is, and the more conducive the penetration depth to the shaped charge cutting is. When the elongation (EL) increases to 12%, the collapse of the target is incomplete and the target cannot be separated. When the tensile strength of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn alloy is less than 350 MPa, the EL is less than 6.5%, the cutting thickness is less than 12 mm, and the linear shaped charge cutting of the magnesium alloy can be achieved stably.     

Nb-Si 基超高温合金的研究进展

Nb-Si基超高温合金由于熔点高、密度低和优良的高温强度等特点受到广泛关注,极具作为下一代高推重比航空发动机和超然冲压发动机的热端部件用材料的潜力.本文主要介绍了国内外在合金化、粉末冶金、定向凝固和热处理工艺对Nb-Si基合金组织和性能影响等方面的研究现状,并展望了其发展趋势.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel by laser melting deposition

 Laser melting deposition was carried out to deposit a 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel bar on a wrought bar of same material. Room-temperature tensile properties of the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample were evaluated, and microstructure, fracture surface morphology, and hardness profile were analyzed by an optical microscope (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a hardness tester. Results show that the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample consists of laser deposited zone, wrought substrate zone, and heat affected zone (HAZ) of the wrought substrate. The laser deposited zone has coarse columnar prior austenite grains and fine well-aligned dendritic structure, while the HAZ of the wrought substrate has equiaxed prior austenite grains which are notably finer than those in the wrought substrate zone. Besides, austenitic transformation mechanism of the HAZ of the wrought substrate is different from that of the laser deposited zone during the reheating period of the laser deposition, which determines the different prior austenite grain morphologies of the two zones. Microhardness values of both the laser deposited zone and the HAZ of the wrought substrate are higher than that of the wrought substrate zone. Tensile properties of the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample are comparable to those of the wrought bar, and fracture occurs in the wrought substrate zone during the tensile test.