钛合金T-型结构单面焊背面双侧成形焊接接头组织与性能

应用TIG焊、激光-TIG电弧复合焊工艺,采用单面焊背面双侧成形焊接技术对钛合金T-型结构进行焊接.对两种工艺进行金相组织、拉伸、弯曲、疲劳性能对比试验.研究结果表明,激光-TIG电弧复合焊工艺焊接钛合金T-型结构,近缝区及热影响区晶粒长大倾向明显要小于TIG焊接头,激光-TIG电弧复合焊工艺的明显高于TIG焊工艺,复合焊接的疲劳强度相比TIG焊提高约50％.因此,激光-TIG电弧复合焊工艺焊接钛合金T-型结构综合力学性能优于TIG焊接头.     

PAN基碳纤维表面液相氧化改性研究

利用拉曼光谱(Raman),红外光谱(IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对经过KClO3/H2SO4液相改性处理的碳纤维(CF)表面结构进行了研究,并初步讨论了微观结构对碳纤维单丝力学性能的影响.结果表明:纤维表面的沟槽随改性处理时间增加逐渐加深;表面处理的刻蚀作用会使晶粒边界活性增大,石墨微晶变小;改性处理能够增加CF表面活性官能团(羧酸(-C=O)和酚羟基(-OH)),降低碳纤维表面惰性;表面处理后纤维的力学性能均有所下降,液相氧化处理60min和120min后,拉伸强度分别降低约15％和50％.     

Static Pull and Push Bending Properties of RTM-made TWF Composite Tee-joints

This paper deals with static pull and push bending tests on two-dimensional (2D) orthogonal EW220/5284 twill weave fabric (TWF) composite tee-joints processed with the resin transfer moulding (RTM) technique. Static pull and push bending properties are determined and failure initiation mechanism is deduced from experimental observations. The experiments show that the failure initiation load, on average, is greater for push bending than for pull bending, whereas the scatter is smaller for push bending than for pull bending. The failure mode of RTM-made tee-joints in pull bending tests can be reckoned to be characteristic of debonding of resin matrix at the interface between the triangular resin-rich zone and the curved web of tee-joint until complete separation of the curved web from the bottom plate. In contrast, as distinct from the products subject to pull bending loading, the RTM tee-joints in push bending tests experience matrix cracking and fibre fracture from outer layers to inner layers of the bottom plate until catastrophic collapse resulting from the bending. Three-dimensional finite element (FE) models are presented to simulate the load transfer path and failure initiation mechanism of RTM-made TWF composite tee-joint based on the maximum stress criterion. Good correlation between experimental and numerical results is achieved.     

Influence of Gd2O3 and Yb2O3 Co-doping on Phase Stability,Thermo-physical Properties and Sintering of 8YSZ

The role of multicomponent rare earth oxides in phase stability, thermophysical properties and sintering for ZrO2-based thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) materials is investigated. 8YSZ codoped with 3 mol% Gd2O3 and 3 mol% Yb2O3 (GYb-YSZ) powders are synthesized by solid state reaction for 24 h at various temperatures. As temperature increases, stabilizers are dissolved into zirconia matrix gradually. Synthesized at 1 500 °C, GYb-YSZ is basically composed of cubic phase. GYb-YSZ exhibits excellent phase stability and sinters lower than 8YSZ by nearly three times. The thermal conductivity of GYb-YSZ is much lower than that of 8YSZ, and the thermal expansion coefficient of GYb-YSZ is comparable to that of 8YSZ. The influence of Gd2O3 and Yb2O3 co-doping on phase stability, thermal conductivity and sintering of 8YSZ is discussed.     

晶粒尺寸对钛合金TIG焊接接头组织及力学性能的影响

进行了2μm及8μm,19μm三种晶粒尺寸的细晶粒TC4钛合金常规TIG焊试验,分析了母材晶粒尺寸对钛合金焊接接头组织转变规律及力学性能的影响。结果表明,细晶粒TC4钛合金焊缝中心和热影响区组织相似,为α马氏体组织。相同焊接规范下,随着晶粒尺寸的减小,焊缝中心和热影响区组织由编织(网篮)状α组织向片状组织过渡;随着晶粒尺寸的减小,热影响区晶粒长大越来越明显,热影响区细晶区(FHAZ)明显变窄,热影响区粗晶区(CHAZ)明显变宽,焊缝—热影响区—母材的晶粒梯度增大,焊接接头三区域晶粒过渡越来越差;随着晶粒尺寸的减小,焊接接头拉伸强度和伸长率均有不同程度的提高。常温拉伸断口呈准解理断裂特征,随着母材晶粒度的增大,焊接接头解理断裂特征越明显。     

真空环境中多层隔热材料的隔热性能

通过对一典型多层隔热材料在真空环境下的系列隔热性能实验和分析,分析了多层隔热材料层间温度差(Δt)的分布趋势,揭示了多层隔热材料在不同层间隔热性能的优劣特性及其变化规律。实验结果证明:多层隔热材料的层间温度差(Δt)变化呈U型分布趋势;外层隔热性能优于中间层的隔热性能,4层以内18层以外层间气流状态接近分子流,隔热性能较好,温度差(Δt)大;中间各层气流处于非稳态,隔热性能稍差,温度差(Δt)小;靠近加热板一侧层间温度差小于低温一侧。     

Fe3O4对微波扫描快速成形复合材料固化速率及性能的影响

为实现大型复合材料构件损伤的微波扫描固化快速修补,提出选择吸波性能优异的Fe₃O₄作为环氧E51+DDM体系的微波吸收剂,利用超声设备对Fe₃O₄粉体进行分散,研究了Fe₃O₄添加量对微波扫描固化速度的影响并探索其增速机理;在此基础上制备Fe₃O₄体系的玻纤/环氧复合材料试验件,研究了添加Fe₃O₄对玻纤增强复合材料热、力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:Fe₃O₄的加入提高了体系的吸波能力进而加快体系的反应速率,且在添加量为1%时对体系的增速效率最高,与纯环氧体系相比其固化时间缩短了24%;与未加Fe₃O₄纯体系相比,添加1%Fe₃O₄环氧体系的玻璃化转变温度提高了1.5℃,拉伸模量提高了5.8%,但两者的拉伸强度相当,弯曲强度及短梁剪切强度分别提高了9.0%和6.5%。     

有机凝胶先驱体转化法制备尖晶石型铁氧体MnFe_2O_4纤维

以柠檬酸和金属盐为原料,采用有机凝胶先驱体转化法成功制备出了纳米晶MnFe2O4铁氧体纤维.通过FTIR,TG-DTA,XRD,SEM和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对纤维前驱体凝胶的结构、热分解过程及热处理产物的物相、形貌以及纤维的磁性能等进行了表征.结果表明,当柠檬酸与金属粒子的摩尔比CA:Fe3+:Co2+=4;2:1和pH值等于4.5时形成的凝胶具有良好的可纺性,在凝胶形成过程中金属离子可能以单齿形式配位于柠檬酸根阴离子,形成了线型分子结构.所制得的纤维表面光滑、致密,纤维直径在1～20μm,长径比较大.600℃焙烧2 h后得到的Mn铁氧体纤维的晶粒粒径在12 am左右.随机分布的MnFe2O8铁氧体纤维在常温下的比饱和磁化强度为6.59 A·m2·kg-1,矫顽力为4.3 kA·m-1.     

非晶态MgNi+x%B储氢合金的制备及其电化学性能

采用机械合金化方法制备了非晶态MgNi+x%B(x=0,2,5,10)储氢合金材料。XRD结构分析表明,含B三元合金的非晶衍射峰的半高宽较宽。合金电极的放电容量随B含量的增加先增加后减小,MgNi+5%B合金电极的放电容量较MgNi合金电极提高了11.9%。合金电极的循环稳定性随B含量的增加而增加,MgNi+10%B合金电极的容量保持率S10较MgNi合金电极提高了67.76%。添加B改善了合金电极的动力学性能,MgNi+5%B合金电极的HRD400、I0和IL分别较MgNi合金电极提高了40.0%,351.5%和20.21%。     

液体火箭发动机推力室冷却通道温度分层数值研究

为了研究冷却剂温度分层的形成机理及其对流动和换热的影响, 应用雷诺应力模型(RSM)对液体火箭发动机推力室再生冷却通道的流动与传热进行了三维数值模拟, 冷却剂为气氢, 考虑其物性随温度和压力的变化.所得结果表明:冷却剂在非流动方向会出现温度分层现象, 随着冷却剂的不断受热, 温度分层现象越明显, 由于喉部二次流加强了冷却剂间的混合, 在喉部区域温度分层被减弱, 温度分层对冷却剂温升及压降影响较小, 严重影响气壁温度的估算.