Creation of model of quasi-trapped proton fluxes below Earth’s radiation belt

The object of investigation is the phenomenon of proton (from tens keV to several MeV) flux enhancement in near-equatorial region (L < 1.15) at altitude up to ∼1300 km (the storm-time equatorial belt). These fluxes are quite small but the problem of their origin is more interesting than the possible damage they can produce. The well known sources of these protons are radiation belt and ring current. The mechanism of transport is the charge-exchange on neutral hydrogen of exosphere and the charge-exchange on oxygen of upper atmosphere. Therefore this belt is something like the ring current projection to low altitudes. Using the large set of satellites data we obtain the average energy spectrum, the approximation of spectrum using kappa-function, the flux dependence on L, B geomagnetic parameters. On the basis of more than 30 years of experimental observations we made the empiric model that extends model of proton fluxes below 100 keV in the region of small L-values (L < 1.15). The model was realized as the package of programs integrated into COSRAD system available via Internet. The model can be used for revision of estimation of dose that low-orbital space devices obtain.     

一种新的数字资源使用控制方法

分析典型数字版权管理框架中资源使用权限管理和权限转让存在的问题,提出一种新的数字资源使用控制方案.新方案给出了数字资源发放和使用中许可证书的产生、更新和防复制方法,简化了授权过程,加强了数字资源使用权限管理,保证了权限转让的安全性和可控性.     

一种考虑地球扁率的卫星自主导航方法研究

研究用2个红外地球敏感器和1个星敏感器实现卫星自主导航的方法,地心矢量的测量精度是影响导航精度的重要原因之一,而地心矢量的测量又受到地球扁率的影响.研究地球扁率对地心矢量测量的影响,并提出一种零姿态扁率误差补偿方法,通过仿真验证了这种导航方法及扁率误差补偿算法的有效性.     

对地观测卫星区域综合组网及性能分析方法研究

明确了卫星综合组网和区域组网的概念 ,研究在对地观测卫星区域组网中卫星网的综合设计原则 ,提出确定区域组网中卫星轨道平面与卫星数量的一般方法 ,初步建立卫星网性能分析的指标体系和评估模型。     

空管中带班主任管理模式研究

通过对中国空中交通管制中带班主任管理模式研究，提出了适用于该管理模式的权变-行为混合管理模型。采用对比研究方法，分析了传统的权变管理模型、行为管理模型等当今流行管理学理论和模型，从而提出了权变-行为混合管理模型。通过一线带班主任的反馈，能够最大限度调动发挥全班组人员的主观能动性和积极性，合理地组织人力、物力，从而预防和消除人为差错，提高管制工作效率。     

地球边缘大气密度时空特性分析

分析了地球边缘大气密度的时变特性及空间分布特性。从物理原因出发并基于NRLMSISE-00和MET-99大气模型计算随不同时空变量变化的相对大气密度,以说明各时空因素对地球边缘大气密度的影响程度。分析结果表明地球边缘大气密度具有较强的时变特性,昼夜和季节均对大气密度产生一定影响。空间特性表现为纬度对大气密度的影响明显,而经度影响微弱。季节不同导致纬度的影响程度不同,纬度因素在夏季和冬季的影响强于春秋。随着纬度的增加,季节对地球边缘大气密度的影响逐渐增强,而当地时间的影响呈减弱趋势。相比较而言,低纬区的昼夜波动强于季节波动,高纬区的季节波动强于昼夜波动。     

数据资源共享系统设计

如何解决异地异构网络环境下的数据资源共享,是实现网络化制造的一个关键问题.提出了基于WebServices技术的数据资源共享系统.介绍了WebServices技术及其优势,对系统的总体架构与逻辑结构进行了方案设计,对各层的功能进行了阐述,在方案设计的基础上,对所涉及的关键技术进行了论述,最后对下一步的工作进行了描述与展望.     

航天器任务规划中资源约束的可分配处理方法

面对深空探测过程中环境的不确定性和扰动,航天器需要利用任务规划技术实现自主控制。航天器应用规划算法时,需要考虑到执行活动时满足的时间约束和资源约束。通过分析资源约束之间的关系,提出了可重复资源在规划执行时的可分配处理方法,和判断资源变量是否满足的可分配性条件。通过航天器仿真算例,验证了可重复资源的可分配处理方法在规划执行时的有效性。     

On the practical exploitation of perturbative effects in low Earth orbit for space debris mitigation

This paper presents the results of a numerical evaluation of the natural lifetime reduction in low Earth orbit, due to dynamical perturbations. The study considers two values for the area-to-mass ratio, a nominal ratio which resembles a typical value of spacecraft in orbit today, and an enhanced ratio which covers the surface augmentation. The results were obtained with two orbit propagators, one of a semi-analytical nature and the second one using non-averaged equations of motion. The simulations for both propagators were set up similarly to allow comparison. They both use the solar radiation pressure and the secular terms of the geopotential ($J_2,J_4$ and $J_6$). The atmospheric drag was turned on and off in both propagators to alternatively study the eccentricity build up and the residual lifetime. The non-averaging case also covers a validation with the full 6?×?6 geopotential. The results confirm the findings in previous publications, that is, the possibility for de-orbiting from altitudes above the residual atmosphere if a solar sail is deployed at the end-of-life, due to the combined effect of solar radiation pressure and the oblateness of the Earth. At near polar inclinations, shadowing effects can be exploited to the same end. The results obtained with the full, non-averaging propagator revealed additional de-orbiting corridors associated with solar radiation pressure which were not found by previous work on space debris mitigation. The results of both tools are compared for specific initial conditions. For nominal values of area-to-mass ratio, instead, it is confirmed that this resonance effect is negligible.The paper then puts the findings in the perspective of the current satellite catalogue. It identifies space missions which are currently close to a resonance corridor and shows the orbit evolution within the resonances with a significantly shorter residual orbital lifetime. The paper finishes with a discussion on the exploitation of these effects with regards to the long-term simulation of the space debris environment and a flux and collision probability comparison.     

近地小行星采矿与防御计划发展现状

近地小行星交会、绕飞、着陆与采样返回技术经过数10年的发展日趋成熟。美国的OSIRIS-Rex对C类小行星进行特征分析与采样,日本宇宙航空研究开发机构的“隼鸟-2号”任务目的是小行星深层采样。美国国家航空航天局（NASA）和欧洲空间局（ESA）的小行星探测任务开始转向行星防御领域。NASA的ARM（Asteroid Redirect Mission）计划是开展小行星抓捕与轨道重定向,ESA联合NASA提出了小行星撞击与偏转评估计划,拟对双星系统开展撞击实验,为行星防御提供技术积累。此外,行星资源公司和深空工业公司分别规划了小行星商业采矿的蓝图,并已开展相关的在轨技术验证。对近地小行星的探测历程进行了回顾,重点介绍了OSIRIS-Rex、“隼鸟-2号”、NASA和ESA的行星防御计划及小行星采矿公司的商业采矿战略规划,总结了未来开展行星防御与采矿的关键技术。