先进战斗机超音速巡航油箱燃油温度变化仿真研究

战斗机广泛地使用燃油作为飞机发热部件的热沉,尤其是先进战斗机在综合热管理技术的发展基础上,更加充分有效地使用了燃油来冷却。用热量平衡方法分析了在任意时段油箱中的燃油的温度。结果表明在中低马赫数飞行状况下,影响燃油温度的最主要因素是燃油油箱中燃油的剩余量。本文应用C软件计算油箱内燃油温度。     

考虑机场位置与航线流量影响的航空网络防御资源优化策略

传统复杂网络领域对网络防御问题的研究未考虑影响航空网络防御资源配置的主要因素,为此提出 一种考虑机场位置、航线流量等因素的基于航空网络实际的防御策略,来降低网络风险。首先,利用节点脆弱 性减少模型确定不同类型防御资源防御量与节点防御能力的函数关系;然后,对传统的重要度评价矩阵做出改 进,考虑航线流量、机场位置等影响航空网络防御资源配置的因素对节点进行重要度排序,并分析节点与整个 航空网络风险的关系;最后,在总防御资源量一定的情况下,利用模拟退火算法对各个节点配置的防御资源量 进行求解,使得网络总风险最小。通过对随机生成网络与中国航空网络的实验发现,该优化策略在分配防御资 源时,能够区分机场节点位置和流量的差异,相比于传统方法能够有效降低网络总风险。     

企业模型与ERP系统间映射技术

 企业资源计划(ERP)系统刚性太强是其实施成功率较低的一个重要原因。为提高ERP系统的柔性,支持业务系统随企业业务变动而改进其适应性,提出了一种企业模型与ERP系统间的映射元模型,给出了企业模型到ERP系统功能单元、数据、功能单元与数据间关系以及权限的映射信息和映射规则,为快速实施企业资源计划提供了一种支持技术。研究成果已成功地应用于某大型航空企业两种型号的研制,实践证明所提出的方法是可行的和有效的。     

Education and public outreach program for IHY – A global approach

Education and public outreach (EPO) is one of the four components of the International Heliophysical Year (IHY). It is fundamental in achieving one of IHY’s primary objectives which is to “demonstrate the beauty, relevance and significance of Space and Earth science to the world.”     

Earth observation and UK science policy

This paper examines the way in which Earth observation is linked to UK science policy through the 1993 UK science White Paper and subsequent policy statements, and how the central theme of partnership has been developed in practice. An example of crop yield prediction is given to illustrate the strengths and the weaknesses of the approach. The UK science and space strategies are set in the context of the European Strategy for Space and links are made to the US global change research strategy.     

基于OCP的实时自适应资源管理技术研究

无人飞行器的自主飞行是一个非常复杂的过程,未来的先进无人飞行器要求能够对外界的环境扰动和突发事件做出迅速的反应,这就对资源的分配与任务的调度有了更高的要求,传统的技术手段已经不能适应先进无人飞行器的要求,本文从先进无人飞行器对QoS(Quality of service,服务质量)的要求出发,着重介绍了一种基于全新的OCP(Open Control P latform,开放式控制平台)的实时自适应资源管理技术,在介绍了一种Anytim e任务的调度方案之后,给出了下一步工作的重点。     

快速Max-Min公平带宽分配算法稳定性分析

高QoS的网络传输要以一个稳定的连接作为保证,这就要求资源分配算法要有良好的动态稳定性,但公平分配算法的稳定性还没有得到人们的普遍重视。鉴于Max-Min公平带宽分配方案的实现算法─渐次填充算法的收敛速度太慢,本文提出了快速Max-Min公平分配算法,该算法用多次平均值来快速逼近公平资源值,巧妙的回避了渐次填充算法步长和收敛速度间的矛盾,大大提高了收敛速度。最后,本文对该算法进行了摄动分析,并证明了该算法的稳定性。     

Analysis of the orbit lifetime of CubeSats in low Earth orbits including periodic variation in drag due to attitude motion

It is estimated that more than 22,300 human-made objects are in orbit around the Earth, with a total mass above 8,400,000 kg. Around 89% of these objects are non-operational and without control, which makes them to be considered orbital debris. These numbers consider only objects with dimensions larger than 10 cm. Besides those numbers, there are also about 2000 operational satellites in orbit nowadays. The space debris represents a hazard to operational satellites and to the space operations. A major concern is that this number is growing, due to new launches and particles generated by collisions. Another important point is that the development of CubeSats has increased exponentially in the last years, increasing the number of objects in space, mainly in the Low Earth Orbits (LEO). Due to the short operational time, CubeSats boost the debris population. One of the requirements for space debris mitigation in LEO is the limitation of the orbital lifetime of the satellites, which needs to be lower than 25 years. However, there are space debris with longer estimated decay time. In LEÓs, the influence of the atmospheric drag is the main orbital perturbation, and is used in maneuvers to increment the losses in the satellite orbital energy, to locate satellites in constellations and to accelerate the decay.The goal of the present research is to study the influence of aerodynamic rotational maneuver in the CubeSat?s orbital lifetime. The rotational axis is orthogonal to the orbital plane of the CubeSat, which generates variations in the ballistic coefficient along the trajectory. The maneuver is proposed to accelerate the decay and to mitigate orbital debris generated by non-operational CubeSats. The panel method is selected to determine the drag coefficient as a function of the flow incident angle and the spinning rate. The pressure distribution is integrated from the satellite faces at hypersonic rarefied flow to calculate the drag coefficient. The mathematical model considers the gravitational potential of the Earth and the deceleration due to drag. To analyze the effects of the rotation during the decay, multiple trajectories were propagated, comparing the results obtained assuming a constant drag coefficient with trajectories where the drag coefficient changes periodically. The initial perigees selected were lower than 400 km of altitude with eccentricities ranging from 0.00 to 0.02. Six values for the angular velocity were applied in the maneuver. The technique of rotating the spacecraft is an interesting solution to increase the orbit decay of a CubeSat without implementing additional de-orbit devices. Significant changes in the decay time are presented due to the increase of the mean drag coefficient calculated by the panel method, when the maneuver is applied, reducing the orbital lifetime, however the results are independent of the angular velocity of the satellite.     

Impact of covariance information of kinematic positions on orbit reconstruction and gravity field recovery

Gravity missions are equipped with onboard Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers for precise orbit determination (POD) and for the extraction of the long wavelength part of the Earth’s gravity field. As positions of low Earth orbiters (LEOs) may be determined from GPS measurements at each observation epoch by geometric means only, it is attractive to derive such kinematic positions in a first step and to use them in a second step as pseudo-observations for gravity field determination. The drawback of not directly using the original GPS measurements is, however, that kinematic positions are correlated due to the ambiguities in the GPS carrier phase observations, which in principle requires covariance information be taken into account. We use GRACE data to show that dynamic or reduced-dynamic orbit parameters are not optimally reconstructed from kinematic positions when only taking epoch-wise covariance information into account, but that essentially the same orbit quality can be achieved as when directly using the GPS measurements, if correlations in time are taken into account over sufficiently long intervals. For orbit reconstruction covariances have to be considered up to one revolution period to avoid ambiguity-induced variations of kinematic positions being erroneously interpreted as orbital variations. For gravity field recovery the advantage is, however, not very pronounced.     

我国建立高绩效政府的路径选择

高绩效政府是指政府在履行行政责任的过程中，在注重社会公平的基础上，能够积极回应公众要求，追求公众满意，以相同或更少的资源获得公共产出的最大化。我国建立高绩效政府的路径有：一是继续推进行政体制改革，主要是对行政权力的进一步定位和划分；二是进一步完善制度环境，如人大监督制度、社会监督制度；三是运用科学的管理工具，如绩效评估、全面质量管理；四是加强政府人力资源管理，主要是培养有效的公共管理者、有效地利用激励和建立学习型政府组织。