气动加热下光学窗口传热特性的数值模拟

针对气动加热条件下光学窗口辐射导热耦合传热开展研究,以了解光学窗口的热辐射发射规律及热防护性能。采用有限体积法、蒙特卡罗法、谱带模型建立了具有镜反射界面的光学窗口辐射传输及辐射导热耦合传热计算模型,对具有两层SiO2玻璃的光学窗口传热特性进行了模拟。结果表明处于高温区玻璃向外发射热辐射,低温区玻璃吸收热辐射;除了加热面附近外的玻璃区域,辐射热流密度远大于导热热流密度,在2.9～4.2μm谱带内的辐射热流密度大于0.4～2.9μm谱带内的;在0.4～2.9μm谱带内,可见光波长内的出射辐射热流密度最小,中红外波长范围内出射辐射热流密度最大。在光学窗口总厚度一定的情况下,降低玻璃层厚度和玻璃夹层气体热导率能够有效降低光学窗口非加热面稳态温度。     

卫星天线极化隔离度在轨测试方法与误差分析

建立卫星天线极化隔离度在轨测试的全程链路模型,分析交叉极化分量产生的机理,给出一种符号表示方法标识由各天线馈源激励产生的各段链路上的信号。分析和实际测试结果表明,主极化和交叉极化接收通道都会在2个相近的频点上产生多个极化分量矢量合成的信号,如果频谱仪分辨率设置不当,则得不到正确的测试结果。由于无法完全分离地面天线和卫星天线产生的交叉极化分量,卫星天线极化隔离度受到地面天线极化隔离度的影响。此外,还描述了高精度测量的卫星天线极化隔离度在轨测试流程和误差分析方法。     

低空目标电波折射修正中地球半径计算方法

在防御体系中雷达对低空目标一般呈俯视状况,因此在电波折射修正中必须把地球视为椭球,而不能视为圆球体,否则会产生很大误差.本文通过雷达测量参数和大地坐标与空间坐标的转换,给出了计算雷达电波射线上任意一点对应地球半径的方法.     

Predicting Earth orientation changes from global forecasts of atmosphere-hydrosphere dynamics

Effective Angular Momentum (EAM) functions obtained from global numerical simulations of atmosphere, ocean, and land surface dynamics are routinely processed by the Earth System Modelling group at Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum. EAM functions are available since January 1976 with up to 3?h temporal resolution. Additionally, 6?days-long EAM forecasts are routinely published every day. Based on hindcast experiments with 305 individual predictions distributed over 15?months, we demonstrate that EAM forecasts improve the prediction accuracy of the Earth Orientation Parameters at all forecast horizons between 1 and 6?days. At day 6, prediction accuracy improves down to 1.76 mas for the terrestrial pole offset, and 2.6 mas for $\mathrm{\Delta }$UT1, which correspond to an accuracy increase of about 41% over predictions published in Bulletin A by the International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service.     

具有特殊方向图的小型化锥面共形微带天线阵

文章研究了具有特殊方向图的小型化锥面共形微带天线阵的设计方法,讨论了实现天线小型化的方法,调整了矩形微带贴片的辐射模式,使其能够实现天线垂直面方向图偏向共形体的底部,研制了天线样机,并对天线样机进行了测量。测量结果表明此微带天线阵具有很好的共形及小型化特性,并且实现了天线的辐射方向图向共形体的底部的偏置。     

反向蒙特卡罗方法在卫星辐射分析中的研究与应用

反向蒙特卡罗方法(AMC/RMC)是Geant4中一个强有力的偏置技术. 粒子产生于包含灵敏体的反向界面并在几何体中被反向追踪直至外界面或溢出能量阈值, 其计算时间只集中于对结果有贡献的粒子径迹. 与正向蒙特卡罗方法(FMC)相比, RMC更高效, 特别是当灵敏体远小于几何体其他部分和外界面时, 其优势更明显. 通过RMC与FMC的比较, 验证了RMC应用于卫星辐射剂量分析的准确性. RMC与SHIELDOSE2和SSAT的比较说明了RMC是高精度卫星辐射剂量的优选方法.      

地球观测网络成像任务可调度性预测方法

为了能够快速、合理地分配成像任务,充分发挥对地观测网络的观测效能,对成像任务可调度性预测问题进行了研究,提出一种由协同任务分配组件、任务调度组件、特征提取组件以及任务可调度性预测组件所构成的组件化求解架构。在成像卫星经典调度模型的基础上,提取成像任务特征,并采用变隐含层节点的反向传播（BP）神经网络集成技术求解成像任务可调度性问题。仿真结果表明,集成BP神经网络的平均预测准确度可以达到85%以上。     

Multiobjective genetic optimization of Earth–Moon trajectories in the restricted four-body problem

In this paper, optimal trajectories of a spacecraft traveling from Earth to Moon using impulsive maneuvers (ΔV maneuvers) are investigated. The total flight time and the summation of impulsive maneuvers ΔV are the objective functions to be minimized. The main celestial bodies influencing the motion of the spacecraft in this journey are Sun, Earth and Moon. Therefore, a three-dimensional restricted four-body problem (R4BP) model is utilized to represent the motion of the spacecraft in the gravitational field of these celestial bodies. The total ΔV of the maneuvers is minimized by eliminating the ΔV required for capturing the spacecraft by Moon. In this regard, only a mid-course impulsive maneuver is utilized for Moon ballistic capture. To achieve such trajectories, the optimization problem is parameterized with respect to the orbital elements of the ballistic capture orbits around Moon, the arrival date and a mid-course maneuver time. The equations of motion are solved backward in time with three impulsive maneuvers up to a specified low Earth parking orbit. The results show high potential and capability of this type of parameterization in finding several Pareto-optimal trajectories. Using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with crowding distance sorting (NSGA-II) for the resulting multiobjective optimization problem, several trajectories are discovered. The resulting trajectories of the presented scheme permit alternative trade-off studies by designers incorporating higher level information and mission priorities.     

常规靶场光学辐射测量及其大气效应校正

简要介绍了光学辐射测量的理论以及辐射测量在常规靶场武器试验中的一些应用,常规靶场常见目标的光学辐射特征、主要测量参数及意义。论述了红外辐射计校准的意义、校正的方法以及仪器选购需注意的几个问题。还讨论了辐射测量中大气效应校正的重要作用和方法,以及相关的软件。