R3D-B2 – Measurement of ionizing and solar radiation in open space in the BIOPAN 5 facility outside the FOTON M2 satellite

Solar and space radiation have been monitored using the R3D-B2 radiation risks radiometer-dosimeter on board a recent space flight on the Russian satellite Foton M2 within the ESA Biopan 5 facility mounted on the outside of the satellite exposed to space conditions. The solar radiation has been assayed in four wavelength bands (UV-C, 170–280 nm, UV-B, 280–315 nm), UV-A (315–400 nm) and PAR (photosynthetic active radiation, 400–700 nm). The data show an increasing tumbling rotation of the satellite during the mission. The photodiodes do not show a cosine response to the incident light which has been corrected. After calibration of the signals using the extraterrestrial spectrum, doses have been calculated for each orbit, for each day and for the total mission as basic data for the biological material which has been exposed in parallel in the Biopan facility. Cosmic ionizing radiation has been monitored and separated in 256 deposited energy spectra, which were further used for determination of the absorbed dose rate and flux. Basic data tables were prepared to be used by other Biopan 5 experiments. The paper summarizes the results for the Earth radiation environment at the altitude (262–304 km) of the Foton M2 spacecraft. Comparisons with the predictions of NASA Earth radiation environment experimental models AE-8 and AP-8, and the PSB97 model are also presented, which calculate the fluxes of ionizing radiation from a simulation. AP-8 is a model for trapped radiation.     

Spectral analysis of 3D MHD models of coronal structures

We study extreme-ultraviolet emission line spectra derived from three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic models of structures in the corona. In order to investigate the effects of increased magnetic activity at photospheric levels in a numerical experiment, a much higher magnetic flux density is applied at the photosphere as compared to the Sun. Thus, we can expect our results to highlight the differences between the Sun and more active, but still solar-like stars. We discuss signatures seen in extreme-ultraviolet emission lines synthesized from these models and compare them to observed signatures in the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of Doppler shifts in lines formed in the transition region and corona. This is of major interest to test the quality of the underlying magnetohydrodynamic model to heat the corona, i.e. currents in the corona driven by photospheric motions (flux braiding).     

光电耦合器位移损伤效应研究

文章针对光电耦合器在空间辐射应用中的位移损伤效应,选取了一种典型的光电耦合器4N25进行了1MeV高能电子辐照试验,获得了辐照后器件电流传输比参数（CTR）的退化与电子注量的关系:在试验注量范围（1.3×1012 ~1.5×1013 cm-2）内,nCTR与电子通量成反比。通过位移损伤对器件及材料作用过程的分析,探讨了光电耦合器位移损伤效应作用机理。     

直升机热管理与红外辐射特性耦合分析方法

未来高性能直升机面临提高能量利用率和抑制红外辐射特性的重大挑战,迫切需要协同解决这两个问题,需要从整机层面探究热管理和红外辐射特性耦合机制,建立耦合分析方法。直升机红外辐射特性不仅受到旋翼下洗流场、前飞流场和环境等外部因素的影响,还受到各子系统部件的工作状态、机身表面的散热口布置和红外抑制器的设计等热管理优化方法的影响。因此,直升机热管理问题和红外抑制问题是强相互耦合,必须统筹考虑。从直升机整机系统的结构特点、系统工作原理和能量平衡关系出发,基于热/质流产生、收集传输、储存利用和传热关系,分析直升机整机系统框架和传热平衡关系,建立以系统部件为内部边界条件、外环境为外部边界条件的整机耦合传热模型;通过对内外部热量的统筹调控与管理,提出热管理优化方法,实现既保障各系统安全高效工作、又提高整机能量利用率,优化红外辐射性能的目的。该模型和方法能为直升机综合热管理的方案设计和红外抑制方法提供支撑。     

基于TDOA的非同步照射辐射源定位算法

针对现有基于信号到达时差（TDOA）的定位算法难以适应辐射源信号非同步到达的定位问题,提出了一种新的非同步照射辐射源定位算法。该算法利用脉冲样本图外推各站辐射源脉冲的到达时间（TOA）序列,进而计算TDOA序列（TDOAs）,解决了非同步照射引起的TDOA计算困难问题,通过两条双曲线的渐近线交点求取初值,通过牛顿迭代法实现对辐射源位置的估计。最后给出的数值仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

强γ射线参考辐射场散射影响研究

采用蒙特卡罗程序MCNP对强γ射线参考辐射场的散射特性进行了模拟,确立了辐射场实验空间内的剂量率和能谱分布。通过多种角度对屏蔽墙散射和在束散射体散射进行了细致的分析,为校准实验室钴源辐射场的实验应用和屏蔽设计提供参考。     

现场校准试验用便携式γ射线照射装置研制

固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表是承担环境连续监测任务的主要设备,这类仪表通常不便于拆卸和安装,而且送检周期较长（一周左右）,影响了连续监测点数据的连续性。为了固定式仪表的按期校准,结合蒙卡方法研制了便携式γ射线照射装置,利用PTW剂量计对辐射场进行标定,最后利用便携式照射装置对固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表进行现场校准实验。     

A simple model to predict solar radiation under clear sky conditions

Solar radiation is one of the major factors that dominate the thermal behaviors of aerostats in the daytime and the primary energy source of high altitude long endurance aerostats. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an accurate model to predict the solar irradiances. A comprehensive review of the well-known solar radiation models is conducted to help develop the new model. Based on the analysis of the existing models and the available radiation data, the extensive computer tests of the regression and optimization are conducted, from which the new solar radiation model for direct and diffuse irradiances under clear sky conditions is proposed. The new model has excellent prediction accuracy. The coefficient of determination for direct radiation is 0.992, with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 16.9 W/m² and the mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.2%. The coefficient of determination for diffuse radiation is 0.86, with RMSE = 8.7 W/m² and MAE = 9.9%. Comparisons with the well-known existing models show that the new model is much more accurate than the best existing ones.     

零偏模式下太阳光压对轨迹保持控制影响分析

从某颗在轨卫星地面轨迹漂移“异常”出发,分析了该现象发生的内在机理,建立了零偏模式下（卫星姿态偏航角保持为零）光压摄动力沿迹方向累积效应解析模型,并基于历史观测数据通过轨道改进估计模型参数。最后,利用该卫星2018年真实地面轨迹对新模型预报精度进行验证。结果表明,采用新模型后,卫星地面轨迹漂移预报误差得到明显改善,为该卫星轨迹保持控制策略制定提供了技术支持。