CFM56-5B发动机高压涡轮间隙控制活门伺服燃油漏油故障的维护措施

介绍了近年来CFM56-5B发动机上高压涡轮间隙控制活门频繁发生的伺服燃油渗漏故障,以及采取的相应维护措施。     

Involvement of nitric oxide in the mechanism of biochemical alterations induced by simulated microgravity in Microcystis aeruginosa

Simulated microgravity (SMG) can inhibit proliferation and enhance microcystin production of Microcystis aeruginosa. We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating the SMG induced changes of proliferation, photochemical system II photochemical activity, pigment, soluble protein and microcystin production in M. aeruginosa. M. aeruginosa was exposed to 0.1 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) or 0.02 mM 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4, 4, 5, 5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (c-PTIO, NO scavenger) alone or in combination with SMG for 48 h. SMG and SNP inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa while c-PTIO had no effect on cell number. As to yield, the negative effect of SMG was augmented by SNP and suppressed by c-PTIO. The intracellular concentrations of chlorophyll a, carotenoid, phycocyanin, soluble protein and microcystin were increased by SMG after 48 h. The effects of SMG on these metabolic processes could be enhanced by SNP and be partly eliminated by c-PTIO. Moreover, SNP and c-PTIO only functioned in these biochemical processes under SMG, unlike in the regulation of cell proliferation and yield. These results showed that the effects of SMG could be enhanced by adding exogenous NO and be mitigated by scavenging endogenous NO, revealing the involvement of NO in the changes in biochemistry processes induced by SMG in M. aeruginosa.     

5mm直径翘边孔横向耦合射流轨迹实验

采用粒子图像测速仪（PIV）对5mm直径翘边孔横向耦合射流流场进行了研究,实验结果表明:射流入射角与翘边孔角度有较大的偏差,但是随着翘边孔角度的增加,射流入射角增大;引入翘边孔射流有效直径,由试验数据得到了有效直径的数值。对射流轨迹曲线进行了拟合,考虑了两种主通道气流速度、四种不同角度的翘边孔和三种不同深度的主通道,方程式能较好地反映小尺寸通道翘边孔射流的流动结构,为今后的流场设计提供依据。      

用于深空探测任务的先进通信与导航体制

介绍了一套用于深空探测的先进通信与导航体制.在综述美国国家航空航天局相关研究进展、讨论这套体制中的关键特征技术的同时,文章利用飞行在地月平动点L3/L4/L5的晕轨道上的中继通信和跟踪卫星,建议了一种超长距离干涉测量(ELBI)技术.探讨了ELBI技术对先进通信与导航体制进行增强的可能性和应用潜力.     

嫦娥五号月球轨道交会对接远程导引轨道设计与飞行实践

结合月球轨道交会对接任务的特殊性和中国探月工程的实际工程约束,介绍了嫦娥五号任务月球轨道交会对接远程导引轨道设计,包括轨道器调相和上升器远程导引两方面内容,重点介绍了月球轨道交会对接远程导引多脉冲调相轨道方案的选择、标称轨道优化设计、轨控策略和误差分析结果以及实际飞行轨道控制的情况。飞行实践数据分析表明：嫦娥五号任务月球轨道交会对接远程导引轨道设计是正确合理的,实际飞行的速度增量满足推进剂预算的要求,全飞行过程测控条件良好,交班点控制精度完全满足转自主控制的要求,有力保障了交会对接和样品转移的顺利完成。     

嫦娥五号探测器多圈调相地月转移应急轨道设计与分析

针对嫦娥五号任务上升段末期火箭二级发动机可能出现的提前关机故障造成入轨半长轴偏差较大和中途修正速度增量超限问题,提出了多圈调相地月转移轨道应急控制策略.首先,分析了不同入轨半长轴偏差、中途修正时刻与中途修正速度增量消耗之间的关系;其次,针对半长轴偏差较大问题,基于微分改正算法与B平面参数,设计了解析窗口搜索与多圈调相地...     

基于可见光与红外卫星图像融合的舰船目标检测

为解决现有基于可见光卫星图像的舰船目标检测算法在云雾遮挡、海岸干扰等复杂场景下的错检和漏检问题,本文在YOLOv5网络基础上,通过空间特征与谱段特征的联合提取提高网络性能,提出了基于可见光与红外卫星图像融合的舰船目标检测算法VI-YOLOv5。实验结果表明:双模态融合目标检测算法性能优于单模态目标检测算法,在交并比阈值为0.5的情况下,可见光+红外融合网络的平均精度达0.976,相较于单可见光网络提高了2.5%,相较于单红外网络提高了8.9%,有效缓解了复杂场景下出现的错检和漏检问题,验证了可见光与红外卫星图像融合在舰船目标检测任务中的有效性。     

Ariane 5 GTO debris mitigation using natural perturbations

GTO objects can potentially collide with operative satellites in LEO and GEO protected regions. Internationally accepted debris mitigation guidelines require that these objects exit these protected regions within 25?years, e.g. by re-entering and burning up in Earth’s atmosphere. In this paper, an inventory of the GTO debris generated from Ariane 5 launches in the period 2012–2017 is provided, and it is expected that none of these objects will re-enter within 25?years. For future launches, natural perturbations can be exploited to increase compliance with mitigation guidelines without the use of extra propellant or complex de-orbiting systems, which is attractive from an economic point of view. The lifetime of GTO objects is very sensitive to initial conditions and some environmental and body-related parameters, mainly due to the effect of solar gravity on the perigee altitude. As a consequence, the lifetime of a specific GTO object cannot be predicted accurately, but its probability of re-entering in less than 25?years can be estimated with proper accuracy by following a statistical approach. By propagating the orbits of over 800,000 simulated Ariane 5 GTO objects, it was found that the launch time leading to the highest probability of compliance with debris mitigation guidelines for GEO launches from Kourou corresponds to about 2 PM local time, regardless of the date of launch, which leads to compliance rates ranging from 60 to 100%. Current practice is to launch at around 5–9?PM, so a change in procedures would be required in order to reach a higher degree of compliance with debris mitigation guidelines, which was predicted to be on average below 20% for the objects generated in the period 2012–2017.     

Mesosphere/lower thermosphere wind regime parameters using a newly installed SKiYMET meteor radar at Kazan (56°N, 49°E)

New meteor radar (MR) horizontal wind data obtained during 2015–2018 at Kazan (56°N, 49°E) are presented. The measurements were carried out with a state-of-the-art SKiYMET meteor radar. Monthly mean vertical profiles of zonal and meridional components of the prevailing wind speeds, also amplitudes and phases of the components of diurnal (DT) and semidiurnal tide (SDT) winds are displayed as contour plots for a mean calendar year over the four recent years and compared with distributions of these parameters provided by the previous multiyear (1986–2002) meteor radar (MR) measurements at Kazan and by the recent HWM07 empirical model. The analysis shows that the SKiYMET zonal and meridional prevailing wind speeds are generally in good agreement, sharing the same seasonal features, with the earlier MR seasonal winds. Comparisons with the HWM07 model are not favourable: eastward solstitial cells as modelled are significantly larger, >30?m/s compared to 15–20?m/s. Also, reversal lines are too variable with height, and the positions of modelled cells (positive and negative) are unlike those of either MRs at Kazan or other MLT radars. Both MR systems provide the large SDT amplitudes, approximately 30?m/s and vertical wavelengths, approximately 55?km, for both components at middle latitudes in winter. They also show the well known strong SDT September feature (heights 85–100?km, the vertical wavelength ～55–60?km), and the weak summer SDT for 80–91?km. HWM07 shows unrealistic amplitudes and phases above 90?km by height and month: minimal amplitudes in equinoxes and no September feature.The weak DT of middle to high latitudes provide similar amplitude and phase structures from both MRs, 1986–2002 and 2015–2017: largest amplitudes (10–12 or 8–10?m/s) for the evanescent meridional tide in summer, peaking in late July; weakest (0–2, 2–4?m/s) at 80 to 92–96?km, when the tide is vertically propagating (January, February, November, December) with a vertical wavelength near 40?km. Again, HWM07 differs in amplitude and phase structures: showing peak amplitudes in equinoxes: April, 15?m/s at 88?km; October, 21?m/s at 89?km.Coupling of the MR wind parameters with the ERA5 wind parameters is studied for a case in 2016. It is shown that the prevailing winds and DT amplitudes and phases of both datasets can be simply linked together, but that the ERA5 SDT amplitudes are significantly underestimated at the top model levels of the ERA5 reanalysis project.