Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.     

Genetic differentiation induced by spaceflight treatment of Cistanche deserticola and identification of inter-simple sequence repeat markers associated with its medicinal constituent contents

The dried, fleshy stems of Cistanche deserticola (Orobanchaceae) are popular tonics in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to treat the inability of kidney in expelling extra fluid in the body, causing fluid retention, and reform reproductive system. However, the wild plants of C. deserticola have become endangered due to habitat downsizing and over-harvesting for its medicinal usages. The present research was carried out for the following purposes: (1) promoting the space-breeding research; (2) providing molecular evidence for agricultural selective breeding; and (3) protecting this endangered herbal medicine and conserving its genetic resources.     

基于一致性融合和神经网络的航空发动机气路系统故障诊断方法

以信息融合为基础,运用GRNN神经网络对航空发动机气路系统进行故障诊断,提出了一种基于一致性融合和神经网络相结合的故障诊断方法。试验结果表明,该方法能快速识别航空发动机气路系统故障,并且对其他机械设备的故障诊断具有一定的参考价值。     

自动导引车在工业4.0 中的应用

随着工业4.0概念的逐步成熟,智能化工厂、智能化生产以及智能化物流将是未来很长一段时间的发展模式,传统的制造企业会面临智能化的升级和转型.在此背景下,从提高工业化生产自动化程度的角度入手,在生产流水线中引入自动导引车.然后针对每一种导航方式分析其优缺点,并且结合现代化生产方式的特点,通过对具体的应用案例进行分析,从原理上重点阐述了激光导引的情况,同时分析了自动导引车(AGV)的发展趋势,为企业后续在选择适合自身特点的自动导引车方面提供了参考.     

动力失效对起飞纵向气动特性影响数值研究

研究民用飞机动力失效对飞机起飞阶段纵向气动特性的影响规律及其机理,对保证飞机有效操纵和安全飞行具有重要意义.采用在点对点多块结构化网格系统上求解三维可压缩雷诺平均N-S方程的数值方法,研究发动机动力失效对某民用飞机起飞构型纵向气动特性的影响.通过DLR-F11模型验证研究方法对民用飞机高升力构型气动特性的预测能力;针对安装动力短舱的某翼吊涡扇发动机民用飞机起飞构型,通过对比其发动机在正常工况和失效时飞机气动特性的差异,得出动力失效对飞机纵向气动特性的影响规律及机理.结果表明:动力失效后,不但溢流效应会使飞机阻力系数增大;还会导致发动机进、排气特性较正常工作状态明显不同,恶化短舱附近流场,对飞机的升力、失速特性带来不利影响.     

无人机高速DS/FH混合扩频通信系统关键模块设计

针对UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,无人机)测控链路高抗干扰需求,给出了实现跳频速率20 000次/s的扩跳混合无人机测控数据链系统实现方案.系统采用跳频频率并行捕获模式.跳频源设计采用直接频率合成、DDS(Direct Digital Synthesis,直接数字频率合成)和PLL (Phase-Locked Loop,锁相环)相结合的混合频率合成技术.利用相位响应滤波器,通过正交调制技术完成MSK(Minimum Shift Keying,最小频移键控)、GMSK (GaussianMinimum Shift Keying,高斯最小频移键控)调制.通过推导得出2 bit差分解调输出与载波频率选择有关,且为四分之数据率的整数倍关系.然后通过实例分析给出了跳频频率间隔选取方法,即跳频间隔应当将临近跳频的主瓣分开,同时跳频载波频率应当设在其他跳频频谱的零点处.最后总结了高速扩跳频系统参数设计一般步骤.     

基于CCSDS标准的航天器上行遥控链路 协议体系与可靠性技术

针对航天测控领域中上行遥控业务的协议体系选择与可靠性设计问题,在对我国现行国军标技术指标要求与现有航天测控系统天地基遥控技术特点进行归纳梳理的基础上,基于空间段信息传输无线链路特点与CCSDS(Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems,空间数据系统咨询委员会)标准规范,研究给出了适用于我国航天测控任务的空间段遥控协议体系与可靠性措施,利用梳理统计方法对上行遥控体制进行了数学建模分析,并与CCSDS给出的应用算例进行了对比分析.分析结果表明,所涉及的上行遥控体制与CCSDS标准规范的工作效能基本相当,能够满足我国航天任务上行遥控任务使用需求.     

DE历表的结构、计算与比较

在详细介绍美国JPL(Jet Propulsion Laboratory,喷气推进实验室)发布的DE (Development Ephemerides,行星/月球展开历表)系列历表的基本情况、头文件和数据文件的结构、历表计算原理等内容的基础上,以DE405、DE421、DE431为例,分别计算了1900-2200年间月球、太阳、行星等天体在地心天球参考系中的坐标及速度,并由此得到3个历表间的差异,结果表明DE431与DE421之间的差异,整体而言要小于二者同DE405之间的差异.最后以引潮力的计算为例,表明历袁更新对于引潮力的影响基本可忽略不计,验证了IERS(International Earth Rotation and reference systems Service,国际地球自转与参考系服务)规范中关于历表更新对相关地球科学影响十分有限的结论.     

基于测控系统的质量信息监测系统设计与应用

在测控试验现场,针对测控设备状态和测控数据的质量信息,采用智能自动监测技术对设备和测控数据进行实时监视以及动态分析,提出了科学的异常判决方法和处理方案,开发了试验质量信息综合分析实时监测系统,实现了测控流程智能化管控、测控信息自动分析处理和质量信息自动化管理。在多颗卫星的跟踪验证中,质量信息监测系统对卫星长期管理的宏参数宏配置下发、标校和目标捕获与跟踪等任务过程能够进行准确监视,可以及时监测到测控数据和测控时间的异常并报警,并能够自动生成任务实施登记表等测控质量报表。实验表明,质量信息监测系统软硬件设计完善、状态监测点设置合理、判读测控事件方法有效。     

面向高级在轨系统的动态服务质量保证方法研究

AOS(Advanced Orbiting System,高级在轨系统)已经逐渐被各国空间组织采用,随着空间任务的发展趋势更多样化和复杂化,对AOS的QoS(Quality of Service,服务质量)也提出了更高要求.针对AOS服务质量的提升需求,提出了一种虚拟信道优先级策略,使用大容量缓存结合数据压缩动态策略和遥测数据抽帧策略相结合的QoS保证方法,通过分析返向链路带宽与航天器遥测用户带宽的裕量,可以动态调整QoS保证,以适应不同应用环境下的航天器AOS的QoS保证需求.通过模拟不同的工况进行仿真试验,结果表明,该AOS服务质量保证方法适用于返向链路带宽裕量充足和不足的工况,比传统的全同步策略和同步异步结合策略拥有更广泛的适应范围.