相对论性离子束（环束）流引起的电磁不稳定性

在相对论性框架下，研究了冷离子流产生的右旋共振模，非共振模电磁不稳定性的特征结果表明，非共振模不稳定性增长率受离子流初始参数影响较大，而右旋共振模的增长率则受离子流初始参数影响较小。此结果可应用于太阳高能离子流通过低日冕区和地球磁层辐射带俘获的高能质子情形。     

Blood and small intestine cell kinetics under radiation exposures: Mathematical modeling

Mathematical models which describe the dynamics of two vital body systems (hematopoiesis and small intestinal epithelium) in mammals exposed to acute and chronic radiation are developed. These models, based on conventional biological theories, are implemented as systems of nonlinear differential equations. Their variables and constant parameters have clear biological meaning, that provides successful identification and verification of the models in hand. It is shown that the predictions of the models qualitatively and quantitatively agree with the respective experimental data for small laboratory animals (mice, rats) exposed to acute/chronic irradiation in wide ranges of doses and dose rates. The explanation of a number of radiobiological effects, including those of the low-level long-term exposures, is proposed proceeding from the modeling results. All this bears witness to the validity of employment of the developed models, after a proper identification, in investigation and prediction of radiation effects on the hematopoietic and small intestinal epithelium systems in various mammalian species, including humans. In particular, the models can be used for estimating effects of irradiation on astronauts in the long-term space missions, such as Lunar colonies and Mars voyages.     

Shock Wave Interaction with the Magnetopause

The magnetopause is in continuous motion and shock waves and impulsive acceleration events can occur. As an example, we show that the interaction of an interplanetary shock with the bow shock can generate a shock wave that after passing through the magnetosheath can interact with the magnetopause. In fluid dynamics, when a shock wave encounters a fluid discontinuity, the interface may become unstable and form bubbles and spikes. We consider this Richtmyer-Meshkov instability in magnetohydrodynamics. At the dayside magnetopause, the instability tends to be stabilized by the magnetic field. However, the shock wave interaction can initiate magnetic field reconnection for the southward IMF, which may be important in strong interplanetary shock events. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Daytime VHF amplitude scintillations recorded at an Indian low-latitude station,Waltair (17.7°N, 83.3°E) during 1997–2003

In this research, it is presented the daytime amplitude scintillations recorded at VHF frequency (244 MHz) at an Indian low-latitude station, Waltair (17.7°N, 83.3°E) during seven continuous years (1997–2003). Contrary to the nighttime scintillation seasonal trends, the occurrence of daytime scintillations maximizes during summer followed by winter and the equinox seasons. The fade depths, scintillation indices and the patch durations of daytime scintillations are meager when compared with their nighttime counterparts. A co-located digital high frequency (HF) ionosonde radar confirms the presence of sporadic (Es) layers when daytime scintillations are observed. The presence of daytime scintillations is evident when the critical frequency of the Es-layer (foEs) is ≥4 MHz and Es-layers are characterized by a highly diffuse range spread Es echoes as can be seen on ionograms. It is surmised that the gradient drift instability (GDI) seems to be the possible mechanism for the generation of these daytime scintillations. It is quite likely that the spread Es-F-layer coupling is done through polarization electric fields (Ep) that develop inside the destabilized patches of sporadic E layers, which are mapped up to the F region along the field lines as to initiate the daytime scintillations through the GDI mechanism. Further, the presence of additional stratification of ionosphere F-layer, popularly known as the F3-layer, is observed on ionograms once the Es-layers and daytime scintillations are ceased.     

Two-stream instability generation in the lunar ionosphere

The Two-stream Instability (TSI) generation is studied analytically in the lunar ionosphere. The TSI is a tiny perturbation in the electron plasma density, due to which an electric field grows with time and this growth is facilitated by the electron plasma in the background. In lunar ionosphere, the TSI comes into existence when the solar wind interacts unhindered with the tenuous lunar electron plasma in the surface bound exosphere. In this study, the conditions which allow the TSI to form and the subsequent instability growth with time i.e. the growth factor, is estimated. Initially, the threshold condition for the TSI to take place is determined. Thereafter, the solar wind and lunar plasma parameter contribution to trigger TSI is investigated along with the effect of these parameters in the evolution of TSI. The plasma TSI evolution with the passage of time is also depicted in phase space diagram with Particle-In-Cell simulations.     

部分球壳分布离子流激发的电磁不稳定性

在离子环束流和低频电磁波相互作用的过程中廓了环束流将演化成具有投掷角展宽的部分球壳速度分布离子流,其投掷角展宽随时间增大,低频右旋电磁不稳定性增长率峰值,总的说来也逐渐增大,并向高频短波方向移动,与此相反,低频左旋电磁不稳定性增长率峰值,当投掷 角展宽等于０时,大于右旋不稳定性峰值,但随着投掷角展宽增加而迅速低于右 性增长率峰值,并向工波方向移动。     

基于涡系相交不稳定性的飞机尾流控制方法

在飞机飞行的过程中尾涡会伴随着升力产生,威胁后机的飞行安全.在简化机翼模型上添加扰流片,通过一个矩形翼以引入一个与主翼尾涡大小不同、方向相反的小涡,构建尾流自消散四涡系统,以期诱发尾涡的Rayleigh-Ludwig相交不稳定性.通过改变扰流片的大小形状,调整模型的攻角和拖曳速度,采用粒子图像速度场仪测量系统定量研究在低雷诺数下单主翼尾涡发展特性以及双涡相互作用特性.研究表明:在未添加扰流片时,尾涡环量在45个翼展内相对于初始环量基本保持不变;在添加扰流片的情况下尾涡的环量衰减可以达到35%~55%,而未添加的基本翼型的尾涡的环量则几乎保持不变,这说明添加适当的扰流片能诱发尾涡的Rayleigh-Ludwig相交不稳定性,加速尾涡的消散,当小涡和主涡的初始环量比为-0.489、初始距离比为0.5时,45个翼展范围内,尾涡环量衰减55.9%.本文系统性的实验结果可以为低尾流机翼的设计提供参考依据.      

轴向通流旋转盘腔内流动不稳定性研究

为了研究旋转腔内流动不稳定性问题,采用旋转坐标系稳态方程,用数值模拟的方法分析了轴向通流旋转盘腔内的流动,得到了旋转系下哥氏力和离心浮升力分别对流动不稳定的作用,以及这两个力的非线性综合作用对流动不稳定的影响.结果表明:哥氏力是恢复力,不影响流动稳定性;离心浮升力是造成流动不稳定的主要因素,盘腔内的流动是离心力场下的Rayleigh-Benard对流和强迫对流的混合流,随着浮升力的增强流动由稳态发展为非稳态;哥氏力与离心浮升力的综合作用加剧了流动不稳定性,盘腔内r-θ面出现了明显的旋向相反的对涡.     

新时期高师院校师德建设动力系统研究

新时期高师院校师德建设动力主要包括由上而下的拉动力、教师加强自我修养的自动力和教师所处学校环境、社会环境的推动力,以及由于师范院校教师教育特殊性引起非高师院校和社会对其师德状况的较高预期而形成的促动力等。这些动力在高师院校内会通过动力开发、动力转化、动力反馈等环节运行并从不同层面给予师德建设以推动。新时期高师院校构建师德建设动力系统的过程,实际上就是将师德准入、师德评价、师德考核、教师职业荣誉感培育等制度设计整合进动力系统之中,并使其相互融合及良性互动的过程。