航天器推进系统管路充填过程动态特性(Ⅱ)实验模拟与结果评估

针对某一具有工程背景的卫星推进系统,建立了一个包括抽真空设备的实验模拟系统,以水为介质进行真空充填过程实验研究,结果表明充填过程中存在较强水击;利用数学模型对实验室系统充填过程进行仿真,计算结果与实验测量值吻合,表明模型仿真是可靠的。     

一种共轨道面双星环绕编队飞行的方法

应用Tschauner-Hempel方程，对航天器近距离相对运动进行了分析，得出实现编队飞行条件，并给出了用两次脉冲推力实现双星共轨道面椭圆环绕编队飞行的方法，仿真结果表明，两次0．55m/s的脉冲推力可以实现500km参考轨道上长半轴为2km的椭圆环绕编队构形。     

3D-C/SiC复合材料拉-拉疲劳模量和电阻的变化

在室温最大应力为250MPa，应力比R＝0．1和频率为60Hz条件下，对3D－C／SiC复合材料进行了拉－拉疲劳试验。用共振法和电阻增量仪分别测试了杨氏模量及电阻的变化。结果表明：随循环次数增加，杨氏模量呈显著下降，缓慢下降和突然下降的变化规律。杨氏模量的下降大部分发生在疲劳循环的前600次。缓慢降低阶段约占疲劳寿命的94％以上，此阶段杨氏模量变化率与循环次数的对数近似呈线性关系，电阻变化率除首次循环降低外，随着循环次数增加一直在增加。增加规律大致可分为缓慢增加，台阶式增加和急剧增加三个阶段。材料的电阻变化率基本反映了纤维的损伤程度和破坏形式，可作为表征复合材料纤维损伤的有效参量。     

小推力姿/轨控液体火箭发动机材料的研究进展

概述了国内外小推力姿／轨控液体火箭发动机新材料的研究和应用进展。姿／轨控液体火箭发动机推力室已从高性能铌／硅化物材料体系向复合材料推力室技术发展，研制出耐高温性能更好的新型材料体系和高温抗氧化涂层，以及将它们应用于发动机推力室的制造是提高姿／轨控发动机技术水平的有效途径。     

基于遗传算法的单站测速数据定初轨技术研究

只有单站测速数据的情况下,传统的定轨方法难以实现初轨确定.将遗传算法应用于定轨实践,实现了无初值条件下单站测速数据初始轨道确定,并能满足收敛要求,为缓解测控资源紧张提供了重要支持.在中巴“资源一号“卫星的长期测控任务中应用,证明了本方法的有效性.     

利用多普勒原理测量微机电系统中微结构的动态特性

介绍了将显微扫描激光多普勒测振仪与基础激振法相结合的微结构动态特性的非接触无损测量方法、扫描激光多普勒测振仪的工作原理、设计的基础激振器及其驱动信号.并给出典型微结构--微悬臂梁的测量结果.测量结果与理论计算及有限元仿真结果相符,验证了该方法的有效性.     

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.     

Friction moment analysis of space gyroscope bearing with ribbon cage under ultra-low oscillatory motion

This paper presents the model of calculating the total friction moment of space gyroscope ball bearings which usually work under ultra-low oscillatory motion and are very sensitive to the friction moment. The aim is to know the proportion of the friction moment caused by each frictional source in the bearing＇s total friction moment, which is helpful to optimize the bearing design to deduce the friction moment. In the model, the cage dynamic equations considering six degree-of-freedom and the balls dynamic equations considering two degree-of-freedom were solved.The good trends with different loads between the measured friction moments and computational results prove that the model under constant rate was validated. The computational results show that when the speed was set at 5 r/min, the bearing＇s maximum total friction moment when oscillation occurred was obviously larger than that occurred at a constant rate. At the onset of each oscillatory motion, the proportion of the friction moment caused by cage in the bearing＇s total friction moment was very high, and it increased with the increasing speed. The analyses of different cage thicknesses and different clearances between cage pocket and ball show that smaller thickness and clearance were preferred.     

自主机动条件下的实时定轨方法

中继卫星在跟踪自主机动用户目标时,由于机动轨道未知,需要利用中继卫星下传的星载GNSS(Global Navigations Satellite System,全球导航卫星系统)数据进行实时轨道确定与预报,为中继卫星跟踪提供实时的引导信息,以方便中继卫星快速捕获目标和连续稳定跟踪。针对该类用户目标的任务需求,讨论了基于星载GNSS数据自主机动条件下的实时定轨方法,建立了连续推力机动力学模型。以某一型号卫星的实测数据进行分析验证,并对轨道机动进行辨识,计算的机动加速度和机动时间与试验单位提供的结果一致。针对卫星不同机动情况,5min的观测数据定轨预报10min的弧段,最大位置误差小于8km,可以为中继卫星快速捕获提供高精度的引导信息。     

约束阻尼结构力学性能研究与参数优化

飞行过程中的气流扰动、机械振动使得飞机典型薄壁结构承受宽频振动,产生振动疲劳从而影响飞机结构的寿命和安全性,约束阻尼结构处理是一种经济有效的抑振手段。采用黏弹性阻尼材料和单向玻璃纤维复合材料制备两种约束阻尼结构,研究它们的阻尼和力学性能;利用有限元仿真手段对约束阻尼结构修补飞机典型悬臂梁结构的参数进行设计和分析,考察阻尼层厚度、约束层厚度以及补片尺寸对结构振动响应的影响,得到约束阻尼参数规律,并以参数优化后的约束结构为基础设计振动测试实验。结果表明：约束阻尼处理后的悬臂梁结构能有效地降低结构危险点的应变幅值;三层阻尼结构抑振效果优于双层约束阻尼,能够显著降低结构危险点在承受振动加载时的应力值,提高结构振动疲劳寿命。