钻孔法测量残余应力时释放系数的标定与计算

 <正> 用钻孔法测量残余应力时,使用的释放系数将对构件的残余应力测量精变产生影响。计算释放系数的理论方法有多种。其中普遍应用的公式,是由弹性力学通孔公式推导的应变片中心点处计算式。     

串置双五分量天平的研制

本文介绍风洞应变天平中首次研制成功的一台串置双五分量天平。串置双天平由一块钢材制成。O_1天平固定在 O_2天平的受力端。O_2天平既能测量左平尾载荷,又能传递由 O_1天平测量的右平尾载荷。正确分析两台天平的受力传力路线和弹性变形的综合位移量,用严谨的数学公式描述两台天平测量的力和传递的力。对这两种力进行数学分解,形成数学模型,写出天平静校公式的数学表达式,并据此研制天平静校设备,分析天平在各分力作用下的弹性位移,写出弹性角公式。上述各点是串置双天平的核心问题。最后经风洞引导性实验证明,串置双天平的原理、方案、受力分析、静校公式等都是正确的。在国内外,串置双天平第一次用于风洞实验,获得了初步成功。     

生物组织光学参数：优化散射系数（μ’s）的实时在位测定

利用了一套特殊设计光纤探头组成的稳定态光纤光谱仪测试生物组织的光学参数，从悬乳液(Intralpid)与模拟胶(Phantom)实验推导出优化散射系数(Reduced scattering coeffcient：μ’s)近红外谱测量经验公式。测量反射系数就可以计算出优化散射系数谱。计算结果用模拟胶作了验证，并对大鼠脑组织μ’s进行了实时在位测量，从而得到了一种μ’s在位测量的有效方法。     

深层搅拌法技术及其工程应用

深层搅拌技术是对软土地基进行处理的较常用技术 ,它具有加固效果显著、形式灵活多样、环境无污染、施工机具简单、施工速度快、节省投资等优点 ,目前在地基处理和基坑工程中广泛采用。本文主要阐述该技术特点及在地基处理工程中的应用 ,对同类工程设计具有重要的参考价值。     

冗余度机器人力控制的运动学稳定性分析

把非冗余度机器人位置／力混合控制方案引入到冗余度机器人，用线性化的动力学模型对其运动学稳定性进行分析，提出一种改进的基于运动学稳定的冗余度机器人混合控制策略。仿真研究结果证明了所提出方法的有效性。     

美军主要机载信号情报能力发展现状及趋势

信号情报与国家安全息息相关。近年来，美陆海空军都在加强机载信号情报能力建设。梳理了美军主要机载信号情报能力的发展现状，分析其面临的挑战，预测其未来的发展趋势。     

Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.     

谐振电路中品质因数的计算方法

从品质因数的原始定义出发,分别计算出简单RLC串、并联电路的品质因数,得到两个结论,并将其推广,提出了两种简单的计算品质因数的方法,最后通过求解一个实际的LC并联谐振电路的品质因数得到验证。     

温差法在航空机轮导轨装配中的应用

该文介绍了将机轮导轨的冷压装改为热压装工艺,从而降低了生产成本,提高了产品装配质量。