Investigation on the interface damage in drilling low-stiffness CFRP/Ti stacks

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic and titanium alloy (CFRP/Ti) stacks have been widely used as aerospace structures because of their excellent combination of physical properties. Interface damage caused by interface gaps, significantly different from that of metal/metal stacks, is a common problem in the through-hole drilling of CFRP/Ti stacks with low stiffness. In this study, a force–deformation coupling model was developed to further examine the formation mechanism and the control method of interface damage. Firstly, the coupling model was built considering the interaction between the thrust force and the deformation. To solve this model, a numerical method was proposed in which specific cutting coefficients were calibrated using only the thrust force of rigid stacks. Secondly, drilling experiments were performed with different feed rates and bending stiffness. Experimental results indicate that interface damage mainly includes interlayer chips and surface damage of CFRP layers. The surface damage, which is irreparable, is caused by the rotary extension of metal chips along the interlayer gap. Thirdly, variations of the interface gap were calculated with the coupling model that had been verified by measured thrust forces. The damage area was found to have a linear dependence relation with the interlayer gap. However, in conditions of large gap sizes, the interface damage areas increased with the interlayer gap at high feed rates, while decreasing slightly at low feed rates. This phenomenon was satisfactorily explained by the presented model. Finally, a method was proposed to determine the appropriate pressure exceeding which no interlayer damage will occur. Additional drilling experiments proved the method effective. This study leads to further understanding of the forming mechanism of interlayer damage and of selecting appropriate parameters in drilling low-stiffness composite/metal stacks.     

Classification of solar wind structures and intense geomagnetic storm alarms with self-organizing maps

Intense geomagnetic storms (D_st < −100 nT) usually occur when a large interplanetary duskward-electric field (with Ey > 5 mV m⁻¹) lasts for more than 3 h. In this article, a self-organizing map (SOM) neural network is used to recognize different patterns in the temporal variation of hourly averaged Ey data and to predict intense storms. The input parameters of SOM are the hourly averaged Ey data over 3 h. The output layer of the SOM has a total of 400 neurons. The hourly Ey data are calculated from solar wind data, which are provided by NSSDC OMNIWeb and ACE spacecraft and contain information on 143 intense storms and a fair number of moderate storms, weak storms and quiet periods between September 3, 1966 and June 30, 2002. Our results show that SOM is able to classify solar wind structures and therefore to give timely intense storm alarms. In our SOM, 21 neurons out of 400 are identified to be closely associated with the intense storms and they successfully predict 134 intense storms out of the 143 ones selected. In particular, there are 14 neurons for which, if one or more of them are present, the occurrence probability of intense storms is about 90%. In addition, several of these 14 neurons can predict big magnetic storm (D_st  −180 nT). In summary, our method achieves high accuracy in predicting intense geomagnetic storms and could be applied in space environment prediction.     

智能结构有限元模型的建立及静态形状控制

本文建立了含有分布压电传感元件和执行元件的板结构的有限元模型，提出了一种新的具有电自由度板弯曲单元，用于分析含有分布传感元件和执行元件的板结构。以此为基础，提出了智能结构静态形状控制的一般方法，即被动控制方法和主动控制方法。最后，提供了两个数值示例，说明本文提出的方法的应用。     

基于模糊神经网络的涡结构识别方法研究

研究气动光学传输效应产生的机理是红外成像末制导的共性基础技术之一,基于涡结构对光学传输效应进行建模是一种非常有效的方法,而涡结构的识别是其必要前提。文中提出一种新的涡结构识别方法,把折射率场经小波变换后的系数矩阵等效为具有一定纹理结构的图像,计算图像的共生矩阵及其统计量,由于涡结构模式复杂,特征量较多,设计了等价结构的模糊神经网络进行涡结构识别。与小波分解后直接提取特征量的识别方法相比,本文的方法从空、频角度更加准确全面地表征湍流涡结构模式,计算机仿真结果表明该方法优于神经网络的识别效率。     

基于压电智能结构飞机座舱振动噪声主动控制研究

针对在某些特殊情况下飞机座盘舱振动、噪声过大的实际情况，本文对其进行了振动、噪声抑制研究。以某飞机座舱模型为研究对象，利用压电智能结构，并结合振动主动控制方法和LMS自适应滤波算法，实现了一套完整的飞机座舱模型振动、噪声主动控制系统。最后本文给出实验结果，证明了此方法对飞机座舱模型振动、噪声抑制的有效性。     

结构随机跳变系统的条件滤波新方法

提出了不完全状态及控制信息的结构随机跳变系统的滤波方法，解决了结构随机跳变系统在控制入与状态的观测互为相关情况下，系统的状态以及不确知的控制输入的最优估计问题。并以线性高斯情况为例进行了数字仿真，证明了该方法的有效性。     

Cylindrical and spherical dust-electron-acoustic shock waves due to dust charge fluctuation

Cylindrical and spherical dust-electron-acoustic (DEA) shock waves propagating in a dusty plasma (containing cold inertial electrons, hot Maxwellian electrons, stationary and streaming ions, and charge fluctuating stationary dust) are theoretically investigated by reductive perturbation method. It is shown that the effect of the dust charge fluctuation introduces some new features in the nonlinear propagation of the DEA waves, particularly the dust charge fluctuation provides a source of dissipation, and is responsible for the formation of the DEA shock structures. It is also found that the basic features of the DEA nonlinear structures are significantly modified by the non-planar (viz. cylindrical and spherical) geometry, and that the height of the cylindrical DEA shock structures are larger than that of the planar DEA shock structures, but smaller than that of the spherical ones. The implications of these results in laboratory dusty plasmas are briefly discussed.     

Tearing,coalescence and fragmentation processes in solar flare current sheet and drifting pulsating structures

The paper presents a summary of results from two different simulations which study the tearing, coalescence and fragmentation of current sheets, the associated production of energetic electrons and of plasma waves from these electrons which could explain drifting pulsation structures observed at radio wavelengths. Using a 2.5-D particle-in-cell (PIC) model of the current sheet it is shown that due to the tearing mode instability the current sheet tears into plasmoids and these plasmoids later on coalesce into larger ones. During these processes electrons are accelerated and they produce observable electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, the 3-D PIC model with two current sheets extended in the electric current direction shows their fast fragmentation associated with the exponential dissipation of the free magnetic field energy. An example of the drifting pulsating structure which is considered to be a radio signature of the above mentioned processes in solar flares is shown.     

Shear flow energy redistribution stipulated by the internal-gravity wavy structures in the dissipative ionosphere

The linear mechanism of generation, intensification and further nonlinear dynamics of internal gravity waves (IGW) in stably stratified dissipative ionosphere with non-uniform zonal wind (shear flow) is studied. In case of the shear flows the operators of linear problem are non-selfadjoint, and the corresponding Eigen functions – nonorthogonal. Thus, canonical – modal approach is of less use studying such motions. Non-modal mathematical analysis becomes more adequate for such problems. On the basis of non-modal approach, the equations of dynamics and the energy transfer of IGW disturbances in the ionosphere with a shear flow is obtained. Exact analytical solutions of the linear as well as the nonlinear dynamic equations of the problem are built. The increment of shear instability of IGW is defined. It is revealed that the transient amplification of IGW disturbances due time does not flow exponentially, but in algebraic – power law manner. The effectiveness of the linear amplification mechanism of IGW at interaction with non-uniform zonal wind is analyzed. It is shown that at initial linear stage of evolution IGW effectively temporarily draws energy from the shear flow significantly increasing (by an order of magnitude) own amplitude and energy. With amplitude growth the nonlinear mechanism turns on and the process ends with self-organization of nonlinear solitary, strongly localized IGW vortex structures (the monopole vortex, the transverse vortex chain or the longitudinal vortex street). Accumulation of these vortices in the ionospheric medium can create the strongly turbulent state.     

斜爆轰波的波角和法向速度-曲率关系初探

为研究斜劈诱导斜爆轰波的波阵面弯曲效应，以期为斜爆轰的不稳定性及其演化规律提供新的见解，基于加权本质无振荡（WENO）格式空间离散和附加Runge-Kutta方法时间离散的求解器，针对不同的化学反应参数（释热量、放热速率和化学反应区参考长度）条件，开展斜爆轰波的数值计算研究。结果表明斜爆轰波沿波阵面的波角变化可分为3个区域：区域I，波角平滑减小；区域II，波角跃升后衰减；区域III，波角有规律振荡。波阵面法向速度-曲率关系在区域I呈现准垂直直线变化趋势，并伴随着爆轰波强度的不断衰减；在区域III则呈现出"D"形曲线，即由极曲线段、光滑水平变化段和拟线性变化段组成，为类胞格结构的周期性演变；区域II可认为是以上两个区域特征的耦合。不同的化学反应参数对斜爆轰波波阵面的弯曲效应影响存在较大差别。