The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)

The James Webb Space Telescope is a 6.5 m, infrared space telescope designed to be launched in 2013 aboard an Ariane 5. The JWST program is a cooperative program with the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) managing the project for NASA. The prime contractor for JWST is Northrop Grumman Space Technology (NGST). JWST’s international partners are the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). JWST will address four major science themes: end of the dark ages: first light and reionization; the assembly of galaxies, the birth of stars and protoplanetary systems; and the formation of planetary systems and the origins of life. We discuss the design of the observatory and review recent progress on the JWST program.     

星敏感器与地平仪组合定姿建模与仿真

根据用星敏感器和地平仪组合的姿态确定算法建立的星敏感器和地平仪测量模型,以及采用的记忆衰减最小二秉滤渡的定姿估计模型,基于RT-LAB实时仿真平台和MATLAB/Simulink数字仿真平台进行了仿真.结果表明:星敏感器和地平仪组合定姿精度较高;用RT-LAB平台进行实时仿真具有方便、高效、精确和开放等优点.     

CAS-1 lunar soil simulant

Lunar soil simulant is a geochemical reproduction of lunar regolith, and is needed for lunar science and engineering researches. This paper describes a new lunar soil simulant, CAS-1, prepared by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, to support lunar orbiter, soft-landing mission and sample return missions of China’s Lunar Exploration Program, which is scheduled for 2004–2020. Such simulants should match the samples returned from the Moon, all collected from the lunar regolith rather than outcrops. The average mineral and chemical composition of lunar soil sample returned from the Apollo 14 mission, which landed on the Fra Mauro Formation, is chosen as the model for the CAS-1 simulant. Source material for this simulant was a low-Ti basaltic scoria dated at 1600 years from the late Quaternary volcanic area in the Changbai Mountains of northeast China. The main minerals of this rock are pyroxene, olivine, and minor plagioclase, and about 20–40% modal glass. The scoria was analyzed by XRF and found to be chemically similar to Apollo 14 lunar sample 14163. It was crushed in an impact mill with a resulting median particle size 85.9 μm, similar to Apollo soils. Bulk density, shear resistance, complex permittivity, and reflectance spectra were also similar to Apollo 14 soil. We conclude that CAS-1 is an ideal lunar soil simulant for science and engineering research of future lunar exploration program.     

Precision analysis of autonomous orbit determination using star sensor for Beidou MEO satellite

This paper focuses on the autonomous orbit determination accuracy of Beidou MEO satellite using the onboard observations of the star sensors and infrared horizon sensor. A polynomial fitting method is proposed to calibrate the periodic error in the observation of the infrared horizon sensor, which will greatly influence the accuracy of autonomous orbit determination. Test results show that the periodic error can be eliminated using the polynomial fitting method. The User Range Error (URE) of Beidou MEO satellite is less than 2?km using the observations of the star sensors and infrared horizon sensor for autonomous orbit determination. The error of the Right Ascension of Ascending Node (RAAN) is less than 60?$\mathrm{\mu }\text{rad}$ and the observations of star sensors can be used as a spatial basis for Beidou MEO navigation constellation.     

耦合位置误差的机载惯性/星光组合算法研究

针对星敏测量输出的是惯性系下姿态信息,无法直接应用于实际的机载地理系下姿态组合导航,提出了地理系下耦合位置误差的机载惯性/星光组合滤波算法。该算法分析了
惯性姿态到地理系姿态之间的相互转换关系,在建立的地理系下姿态线性化量测方程基础上,通过引入导航位置误差转换矩阵,建立了星敏测量的惯性姿态到惯性导航计算输出的地理系姿态之间的耦合误差模型;同时针对姿态观测时高度通道不可观的特点,增加了气压高度输出为系统的观测量;实现了基于星敏测量的惯性系下姿态对地理系下惯性导航误差的直接修正。姿态耦合误差仿真结果表明该组合导航算法设计成功可行,为星敏在机载环境下的组合导航应用提供了新的思路。
     

改进的OSLO算法

本文给出了一个计算离散B-样条函数的基于导向点的改进了的OSLO算法。该算法在计算机辅助几何设计、计算机图形、图象处理及模式识别中有广泛的应用。与原来的OSLO 算法相比,本算法主要在存贮空间及执行速度上做了优化。     

Precession–nutation correction for star tracker attitude measurement of STECE satellite

Space Technology Experiment and Climate Exploration(STECE) is a small satellite mission of China for space technology experiment and climate exploration. A new test star tracker and one ASTRO 10 star tracker have been loaded on the STECE satellite to test the new star tracker's measurement performance. However,there is no autonomous precession–nutation correction function for the test star tracker,which causes an apparent periodic deflection in the inter-boresight angle between the two star trackers with respect to each other of up to ±500 arcsec,so the precession and nutation effect needs to be considered while assessing the test star tracker. This paper researches on the precession–nutation correction for the test star tracker's attitude measurement and presents a precession–nutation correction method based on attitude quaternion data. The periodic deflection of the inter-boresight angle between the two star trackers has been greatly eliminated after the precession and nutation of the test star tracker's attitude data have been corrected by the proposed method and the validity of the proposed algorithm has been demonstrated. The in-flight accuracy of the test star tracker has been assessed like attitude noise and low-frequency errors after the precession–nutation correction.     

基于STK的导航星模拟及天文定位选星算法研究

导航星优选是研究天文定位导航的前提。本文结合导航恒星选星对天文定位的影响,研究提出了基于STK软件的导航星模拟方法,并针对空天飞行器对天文观测时的条件约束,结合天文导航定位对导航星的要求,构建了适合不同飞行航迹的导航星库。基于所设计的导航星库,以空天飞行器为应用对象,结合其在轨段飞行轨迹参数,基于STK软件进行了天文导航定位仿真研究。在所设计的飞行器飞行航迹参数及可见星信息条件下,针对空天飞行器长航迹飞行运动特点,设计了3种不同的天文定位观测选星方案,并研究了不同选星方案下的天文导航定位性能。最后通过仿真验证表明所提出的导航星模拟和选星方法能有效满足空天飞行器对天文导航定位的要求。     

一种基于Kalman滤波的双电机消隙天线跟踪控制系统

首先本文给出了天线跟踪控制系统组成及原理框图，阐述了系统闭环工作流程；其次，针对天线跟踪目标过程中，跟踪接收机输出的目标与天线波束中心角误差受随机误差分量的影响，采用Kalman滤波算法对获得的实时角位置数据进行滤波处理；然后，对天线跟踪控制系统进行了建模，给出了系统动力学模型，对采用的双电机消隙设计方案进行了仿真；最后，通过挂飞试验验证了系统工作的可靠性。     

用于光纤F-P声压传感器的直流补偿解调技术研究

提出了一种改进的双腔直流补偿技术，用于解调非本征法布里-珀罗干涉(EFPI)光纤传感器，以消除腔长差与入射光波长相匹配的要求。通过消除直流分量和校准信号相位，可以从具有任意相位差的原始信号中获 得两路正交信号。通过理论仿真，制作了具有不同腔长差的EFPI光纤传感器，对所提出的方法进行了试验验证。 结果表明，该方法在解调双 F P腔 EFPI传感器时，不需要保证初始相位差恒定，且对腔长漂移不敏感，具有良好的 稳定性和实用价值。