基于小面模型的星图中星获取算法研究

利用小面模型对原始星图的局部区域作灰度曲面最佳拟合。在拟合曲面上进行灰度极大值像素点的位置估计，初步得到星图中星的中心位置，从而加速星图中星的获取过程。基于所定义的性能评价指标，对模拟星图进行了星图获取的实验验证。研究表明，该算法具有较强的适应性。     

CCD信号处理的滤波器设计

介绍了CCD信号处理电路的工作原理,描述了相关双采样对CCD输出信号的处理过程以及处理后的波形。通过对相关双采样的输出与A/D采样时钟的时序关系,确定了A/D变换前的滤波器对相关双采样输出信号的前沿最大影响,然后通过计算确定滤波器的带宽以及相关参数。最后对滤波器进行了初步设计,最后使用Pspice软件对滤波器进行了仿真。     

美国军用卫星测控网的先进技术计划

主要介绍美国军用卫星测控网的先进技术计划及其关键技术领域 ,并就其对我国卫星测控网的建设所具有的现实意义提出了若干建议。     

一种基于蚁群聚类算法的快速星图识别方法

为提高大视场星敏感器的星图识别速度和识别成功率,提出一种基于蚁群聚类算法的 快速星图识别方法,该方法首先利用蚁群聚类算法对星点集合进行快速聚类分析;然后选择 最优类并以其中每个星点为圆心,以一定角距为半径画圆,将圆内所有星点构成集合;再将 每个集合的星点两两求取角距,利用蚁群算法对路径快速寻优的优点,完成集合的路径优化 ;最后利用优化结果同导航星库中已有的优化数据相匹配,以实现星图的快速匹配与识别; 实验结果表明,与现有识别方法相比,该方法具有高的识别率,良好的实时性和鲁棒性,且 所需导航星库的容量小。     

卫星接地方式的分析与思考

接地是卫星正常工作的基本要求之一,也是决定其EMC性能的关键因素,本文将介绍星上常用的几种接地方式及目前低压母线卫星上广泛使用的一种接地模式,进而结合国内外现状,提出一种高压母线下卫星的接地方案,最后通过具体案例来说明接地的重要性,以期引起航天科技工作者对这方面的更多关注.     

S波段准椭圆响应带通频率选择表面设计研究

频率选择表面（Frequency Selective Surface,FSS）在多个领域中具有重要应用价值。通过两层双行为谐振器的双方环FSS级联,实现具有准椭圆响应的FSS,不同于传统的巴特沃斯与切比雪夫型。仿真结果表明,FSS在S波段、通带至阻带单侧过渡带宽为350 MHz。设计结构与同通带二阶巴特沃斯滤波器相比,过渡带减小了30%,与三阶巴特沃斯滤波器过渡性能一致。全波仿真结果表明,设计结构工作在S频段,实现了准椭圆响应,并具有良好极化稳定性与角度稳定性。     

上面级天文导航恒星视位置计算方法研究

恒星视位置计算是上面级天文导航星库建立的基础。首先,在国际天文联合协会(IAU)工具箱的基础上,介绍了恒星视位置计算中的各个数学模型,并设计了视位置计算的算法;然后,对某些特定星表进行处理,获得相应恒星的标准星历信息,对这些恒星采用本文的视位置算法进行视位置计算;最后,将计算结果与专业的天文软件及中国天文年历进行比较,来验证本文视位置算法的精度。计算结果表明:本文提出的视位置算法具有较高的精度(0.03″级别),满足上面级天文导航的要求。另外,本文通过对视位置误差的分析,给出了各种误差因素对视位置计算精度的影响。     

双麦克斯韦分布下极区中层尘埃粒子带电研究

在大功率微波照射下,极区中层夏季回波（PMSE）会立刻消失,该现象被称为极区中层加热现象.在大功率微波照射极区中层时,电子在微波电场加速下产生的定向运动速度与热运动速度可以比拟,极区中层的尘埃等离子体服从双麦克斯韦分布.基于双麦克斯韦分布下尘埃粒子充电理论给出极区中层尘埃粒子的电荷分布,比较了大功率微波对极区中层加热前和加热时,尘埃粒子电荷以及极区中层电子浓度的变化.结果表明,采用大功率微波装置加热极区中层会影响电子对尘埃粒子的充电进而导致电子浓度变化,这对解释极区中层加热现象具有重要意义.      

Improved robust Kalman filter for state model errors in GNSS-PPP/MEMS-IMU double state integrated navigation

The integration of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) has been actively researched and widely applied as it can provide reliable positioning information continuously. In recent years, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology achieves rapid development and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems and Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS-IMU) has aroused wide concern due to its excellent properties in some cases. However, the observations from MEMS-IMU are easy to be influenced by motion state and location environment because of its manufacturing process. It is not easy to judge whether gross errors are in the state model or the observation model by the widely adopted robust filter based on innovation. In this contribution, we present an improved robust filter with a double state model on the basis of the chi-square distribution of the square of the Mahalanobis distance. The vehicle motion model acts as the external constraint information and can be adopted to construct robust statistic with the results from INS mechanization. And then a robust factor was determined to adjust the observation noise covariance matrix. To evaluate the performance of this method, the simulation test and the field test based on locomotive platform of Nottingham Geospatial Institute (NGI) were carried out. According to the results, in the simulation test, the position improvements are 33%, 30% in the north and east directions; in the real test, the loosely and tightly coupled was adopted and the position accuracy can be improved by about 50–60% in the horizontal direction and the improvement of the pitch and the roll accuracy was lower than the azimuth accuracy due to poor observability and experimental scene which is of the characteristics of small elevation change. Therefore, the proposed robust filter could diminish the effect of the gross error from MEMS-IMU and enhance the integrated system.     

Shocklike soliton because of an impinge of protons and electrons solar particles with Venus ionosphere

This paper introduces an investigation of shocklike soliton or small amplitude Double Layers (DLs) in a collisionless plasma, consisting of positive and negative ions, nonthermal electrons, as well as solar wind streaming protons and electrons. Gardner equation is derived and its shocklike soliton solution is obtained. The model is employed to recognize a possible nonlinear wave at Venus ionosphere. The results indicate that the number densities and velocities of the streaming particles play crucial role to determine the polarity and characteristic features (amplitude and width) of the shocklike soliton waves. An electron streaming speed modifies a negative shocklike wave profile, while an ion streaming speed modulates a positive shocklike wave characteristic.