基于室内无线模型的穿墙损耗校正

K-M（Keenan-Motley）模型将单墙固定损耗值相加来计算室内无线信号穿透多墙的总损耗值,存在较大误差。针对该问题选取多种室内场景分别进行连续波（Continuous Wave,CW）测试,对无线信号穿墙损耗的影响因素和变化规律进行分析,提出了一种基于人工神经网络的室内无线模型穿墙损耗校正方法,对预处理后的测试数据进行训练并建立预测模型。经验证该预测模型符合校正判别准则,在实际场景下具有良好的预测准确度。     

A two-step weighted least-squares method for joint estimation of source and sensor locations: A general framework

It is well known that the Two-step Weighted Least-Squares(TWLS) is a widely used method for source localization and sensor position refinement. For this reason, we propose a unified framework of the TWLS method for joint estimation of multiple disjoint sources and sensor locations in this paper. Unlike some existing works, the presented method is based on more general measurement model, and therefore it can be applied to many different localization scenarios.Besides, it does not have the initialization and local convergence problem. The closed-form expression for the covariance matrix of the proposed TWLS estimator is also derived by exploiting the first-order perturbation analysis. Moreover, the estimation accuracy of the TWLS method is shown analytically to achieve the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB) before the threshold effect takes place. The theoretical analysis is also performed in a common mathematical framework, rather than aiming at some specific signal metrics. Finally, two numerical experiments are performed to support the theoretical development in this paper.     

飞行器智能设计愿景与关键问题

未来飞行器正朝着多元化、无人化和智能化的方向发展,高超声速、超隐身和变体等新型飞行器不断涌现。而传统飞行器解耦分拆的设计方法越来越难以满足未来飞行器综合性能全面提升的要求,只有通过整体化设计才能充分发掘飞行器的潜能。通过分析传统飞行器设计中存在的问题,提出满足全生命周期要求的飞行器智能设计体系理念,利用知识库的构建将智能赋予飞行器平台系统设计、制造生产和运维这3个阶段,并通过数字孪生技术进行飞行器全生命周期的仿真、分析和预测,以对飞行器设计、运行等数据进行更新,使该体系形成闭环。就飞行器智能设计体系中需要的关键技术及涉及的科学问题等进行了讨论,并给出了未来发展方向以供参考。     

SABRE预冷器计算模型及其在整机模型中的应用

预冷器的性能对SABRE等预冷组合循环发动机具有重要影响,为实现发动机方案设计阶段预冷器的快速设计与评估,建立了预冷器准二维快速评估模型。将SABRE预冷器的几何结构简化为一个扇环形区域,沿径向和周向将该区域划分为二维节点。应用守恒方程及传热关联式完成单个节点计算,再求解节点矩阵的平衡方程组,计算内外流体特定节点上参数的二维分布,得到预冷器出口参数。将模型嵌入发动机总体性能程序中,实现了发动机设计及非设计点的预冷器性能计算的功能。与文献数据对比结果表明,预冷器模型传热计算误差小于5%,摩擦阻力误差小于10%。整机计算结果显示,Ma0~5范围内,预冷器空气侧温降范围为143K至932K,温降随飞行马赫数升高单调上升。预冷器传热有效度范围为0.896-0.945,空气侧总压恢复系数范围为0.852-0.904。     

Statistical characterisation of spread F over South Africa

The occurrence of mid-latitude spread F (SF) over South Africa has not been extensively studied since the installation of the DPS-4 digisondes in 1996 and 2000 at Grahamstown (33.32 °S, 26.50 °E) and Madimbo (22.38 °S, 30.88 °E) respectively. This study is intended to quantify the probability of occurrence of F region disturbances associated with SF over South Africa. A study was conducted using data for 8 years (2001–2008) over Madimbo (with a time resolution of 30 min) and Grahamstown (with a variable time resolution of 15 and 30 min). In this study, SF has been classified into frequency SF (FSF), range SF (RSF) and mixed SF (MSF). The SF events were identified by manually identifying ionograms showing SF and tabulating them according to type for further statistical analysis. The results show that the diurnal pattern of SF peaks strongly between 01:00 and 02:00 local time, LT (LT = UT + 2 h), where UT is the universal time. This pattern is true for all seasons and types of SF at Madimbo and Grahamstown in 2001 and 2005, except for RSF which had peaks during autumn and spring in 2001 at Madimbo. The probability of both MSF and FSF tends to increase with decreasing solar activity, with a peak in 2005 (a moderate solar activity period). The seasonal peaks of MSF and FSF are more frequent during winter months at both Madimbo and Grahamstown. In this study, SF was evident in ∼0.03% and ∼0.06% of the available ionograms at Madimbo and Grahamstown respectively during the 8 years.     

基于经验模分解的PPP时间比对数据消噪方法

精密单点定位(PPP)时间比对数据会受到观测噪声的影响,因此对时间比对数据进行消噪是一项重要工作。提出一种基于经验模分解(EMD)的PPP时间比对数据消噪方法,并将该方法与Vondrak滤波方法的消噪效果进行对比。结果表明,两种方法的消噪效果相当,均能有效滤除PPP时间比对数据中的随机噪声,明显改善时间比对的稳定度。     

基于里德堡原子相干效应的微波电场测量技术研究进展

近年来,采用里德堡原子的微波电场测量技术得到了迅速发展,获得了广泛应用。该电场探测技术是一项全新技术,可以将微波电场通过基本物理常数与频率测量直接关联,具有测量动态范围大、测量灵敏度高和测量不确定度小的特点,有望替代传统溯源路径,直接关联国际单位制（SI）。本文基于里德堡原子相干效应的微波电场测量技术原理,针对国内外微波电场的高准确度、高灵敏度和极化方向测量技术发展现状,和对微波电场测量的工程化光源系统,蒸气室探头的仿真验证实验和集成式蒸气室探头的设计研究等方面的相关进展做了详细介绍。     

带集中热源的散热器温度场的数值分析

随着大规模集成电路的发展,电子设备的封装体积越来越小,功率却越来越大,这就使电子设备的温度日益增高,而电子设备的可靠性又与温度密切相关,良好的散热是电子设备应用中重要的一环.本文以通用的矩形翅片式散热器来对比带集中热源和带平均热源的散热器的温度差异,提出以嵌入热管的方法来解决带集中热源散热器的散热难题,并运用IcEPEK软件对其可行性进行了验证.     

低压断路器灭弧室温度检测

设计了基于光纤光栅传感系统的低压断路器灭弧室温度检测装置,实验测量出灭弧室温度数据,进行了数据的有限元分析,绘制出灭弧室内温度场分布图.     

锪窝孔边扇形角裂纹应力强度因子的三维有限元分析

 根据航空等领域内锪窝铆接及锪窝锣接构件的典型结构特征,采用三维的十节点四面体等参有限单元模型,分别对无裂纹及孔边含裂纹锪窝孔 /直通孔结构进行了模拟分析;得到了锪窝孔构件的危险部位及90°,120°锪窝孔边扇形角裂纹的应力强度因子,给出了覆盖面广的计算曲线;通过对计算结果的分析,讨论了裂纹长度、孔径以及板厚等因素对应力强度因子的影响。和已有的文献比较表明,本文数值结果精确,方法可靠。