基于FPGA的M位并行分布式算法的FIR滤波器设计

介绍基于查找表结构的分布式算法的基本原理,提出M位并行分布式算法的实现方法。以2位并行分布式算法结构的FIR滤波器设计为例,在Altera Cyclone系列芯片上实现32阶12位FIR滤波器,并对其性能和资源占用进行分析。     

SAR仿真技术

从SAR的回波模拟原理和实际需求出发,提出适合实际应用的基于真实SAR图像数据和方位时域回波生成方法的SAR回波数据模拟技术和半实物仿真方法。该方法能够获得真实可靠的回波数据,并实现对SAR和匹配处理系统的半实物仿真,对实现SAR系统的优化设计和快速测试具有重要意义。     

基于信息一致性的分布式卫星姿态同步研究

针对分布式卫星自主姿态同步问题,提出了一种基于信息一致性的姿态协同及跟踪控制方法,它采用信息一致性的理论,通过设计卫星间的信息传递模型来解决分布式卫星间的姿态同步问题。文中分别给出了姿态协同及姿态跟踪两种控制方法,并对其稳定性进行了分析。最后针对两种信息拓扑模型,以实际的多颗分布式卫星和PWM(脉宽调制)喷气系统进行仿真实验,表明了本文方法有效地实现了姿态的协同及跟踪。
     

宽波束角大测绘带UWB SAR的子孔径子带运动补偿算法

VHF/UHF波段的正侧视条带式超宽带合成孔径雷达(UWB SAR)通常具有宽方位波束角和大处理测绘带特性,这些特点造成了雷达回波相位误差的距离空变和方位空变,使得传统的运动补偿算法失效。从载机视线误差对回波相位的影响出发,推导了一种在回波距离压缩后、距离迁徙校正前的子孔径子带补偿算法。通过将距离压缩后的回波沿距离向分块,沿方位向分子孔径,并将距离向和方位向的空变误差补偿紧密结合,提高了补偿效率。计算机点目标仿真结果,验证了该算法的有效性。文中还给出了子孔径和子带的划分原则及子孔径子带补偿算法与扩展ECS算法结合的方法。     

Validation of an active transponder for KOMPSAT-5 SAR image calibration

This paper describes the development and validation of a transportable active transponder designed for the image calibration of Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-5 (KOMPSAT-5) with a synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Ground targets are essential in SAR image calibration. The environment for the deployment of ground targets for SAR image calibration should provide uniformity and minimum interference. The Amazon or deserts are regarded as desirable environments. However, such environments for SAR image calibration are difficult to find in Korea. Thus, it will be advantageous to have an active transponder whose performance will not be severely limited by the absence of such uniform environment. We have therefore developed an active transponder which has an adjustable internal delay and into which the orbit data of an arbitrary satellite can be loaded. The stored obit data with the aid of an internal global positioning system (GPS) receiver and gyroscope enables the active transponder to point to a selected satellite. In addition, a virtual deployment of the active transponder is possible due to its adjustable internal delay. Thus, the developed active transponder can be deployed at any place without environmental constraint. The performance of the developed active transponder is validated using the satellite TerraSAR-X, which is already in operation. The test results show that the active transponder is successfully compliant with the requirements for KOMPSAT-5 image calibration.     

Relationship of the diffuse aurora and SAR arc dynamics to substorms and storms

Investigation results of a diffuse aurora (DA) and stable auroral red (SAR) arc dynamics based on spectrophotometric observations at the Yakutsk meridian (199°E geomagnetic longitude) are presented. The relationship of an equatorward extension of DA in the 557.7 nm emission to a substorm growth phase during the magnetospheric convection intensification after the turn of IMF B_Z to the south is shown. The formation of SAR arc during the substorm expansion phase is investigated. The association of SAR arc dynamics with the development of asymmetric ring current (substorm injection) during the main phase of a storm is analyzed. It is shown how the pulsating precipitations of energetic ring current particles develop in the outer plasmasphere based on photometric observations.     

基于移动最小二乘法的机载SAR成像运动误差补偿方法

机载SAR平台在飞行过程中产生的运动误差会导致成像质量下降,利用测量数据提取运动误差是机载SAR运动补偿的重要手段之一。通过对机载SAR运动误差理论的推导,提出一种基于移动最小二乘法的机载SAR成像运动补偿方法,方法借助于惯性导航系统记录的东北天三维速度信息,对其进行处理,进而获得雷达平台的三维空间信息,再与后向投影算法结合,完成SAR成像运动补偿。方法是对最小二乘法进行改进,使其不需要对数据进行分段估计和平滑,还可以保证估计结果的正确性。实验结果验证方法对运动误差估计的准确性和有效性。     

改进的极化SAR图像三分量分解方法

针对原始三分量分解方法中,偶次散射和表面散射类地物的体散射分量可能会过估计的问题,提出了一种基于H/α珔参数和一般散射机理模型的改进的三分量分解方法。首先在进行极化分解之前利用H/α珔参数判定目标的主导散射类型。对于主导散射类型明确的像素点,利用一般散射机理模型优先计算主导散射成分的相关扩展系数,然后再从剩余成分中提取非主导散射分量。对于主导散射类型不明确的像素点,采用传统的去取向三分量分解方法进行分解。对实测极化SAR图像进行实验表明,新方法不仅继承了传统三分量分解方法的优点,而且能在分解结果中更加有效地突出雷达目标的主导散射特征。     

雷达中的分布式计算机系统

通过对雷达中信息流的分析研究，提出雷达中的分布式计算机系统可由分布式的管理系统和分布式的数据处理系统两者综合而成这一设计思路。其中，两极层次结构的分布式管理系统适用于要求集中监控的雷达管理，而滑窗－流水作业的分布式数据处理系统能适应对多批目标的实时处理。     

SAR二维间歇采样转发干扰研究

提出了一种合成孔径雷达（SAR）干扰方法：SAR二维间歇采样转发干扰。给出了干扰的基本原理和干扰信号模型。该方法通过转发二维间歇采样后的SAR信号,使得SAR回波在距离向频域和方位向多普勒域成对扩展,实现了对SAR的多假目标干扰,而且干扰同时具有欺骗和压制的双重特征。仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。