Coordinated adaptive beamformer over distributed antenna network

The spatial diversity of distributed network demands the individual filter to accommodate the topology of interference environment. In this paper, a type of distributed adaptive beamformer is proposed to mitigate interference over coordinated antenna arrays network. The proposed approach is formulated as generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC) structure to facilitate the convex combination of neighboring nodes’ weights, and then it is solved by unconstrained least mean square (LMS) algorithm due to simplicity. Numerical results show that the robustness and convergence rate of antenna arrays network can be significantly improved in strong interference scenario. And they also clearly illustrate that mixing vector is optimized adaptively and adjusted according to the spatial diversity of the distributed nodes which are placed in different power of received signals to interference ratio (SIR) environments.     

基于时频矩阵非负分解特征的多视角SAR目标识别

针对多视角合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)目标识别问题,提出一种基于目标高分辨率距离像(High Range Resolution Profile,HRRP)时频矩阵非负分解特征提取和识别方法。该方法首先对SAR图像进行滤波预处理,得到相应的目标HRRP序列;然后采用匹配追踪时频分析方法计算得到目标HRRP的时频矩阵;应用非负矩阵分解技术分解时频矩阵,得到相应的谱矢量和时相矢量。基于分解得到的谱矢量和时相矢量提取时频域矩特征和稀疏特征。最后,应用隐马尔科夫模型(Hidden Markov Model,HMM)对这些时频特征序列建模及识别。采用美国运动和静止目标获取与识别(Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition,MSTAR)计划公开发布的SAR目标数据库的实验结果表明,该方法不仅能有效降低时频域特征的维数,而且识别性能优于传统的时频域特征。     

对星载滑动聚束模式合成孔径雷达的侦察研究

滑动聚束模式是合成孔径雷达的一种新兴的工作模式,具有比条带模式的方位向分辨率高、同时又比聚束模式的成像区域大的优点,因此,滑动聚束模式呈现蓬勃发展的趋势。在此基础上,根据侦察的基本原理,展开了对滑动聚束模式合成孔径雷达的侦察研究,建立了侦察模型,并进行了仿真实验。可以看出,对星载滑动聚束模式合成孔径雷达的侦察是完全可行的。     

A novel system parameters design and performance analysis method for Distributed Satellite-borne SAR system

As a promising new technology emerged in recent years, the Distributed Satellite-borne SAR (DSS) system with Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) imaging capability has been recognized by the remote sensing community as an integrated part of the spaceborne earth observation system. However, most researches on DSS were focused on individual aspects of system design/analysis and data processing, while few studies have been dedicated to establishing a standard methodological framework for universal DSS system design. Aiming at this problem, the topics of DSS system error analysis and design method are investigated in this paper. Firstly, a rigorous error propagation model of height measurement is theoretically derived from the DSS InSAR imaging geometry, and the impact of each error sources in this model on the height measurement accuracy is analyzed individually. In particular, the baseline length and its measurement error in the InSAR imaging plane are identified as the dominant factors. Second, a new method for DSS system design is proposed based on our analyses with the error propagation model. This method consists of two important phases, namely collaboration design and monostatic design. The major objective of collaboration design is to determine the configuration and parameters for the coordination between satellites in the DSS system. Afterwards, the key parameters for single satellite and the payload are determined by the monostatic design. Thirdly, a system performance analysis method is developed to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the pre-designed DSS system. In the next section, a typical example of DSS system design is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system design and analysis methods. The target DSS system has the same goal and hardware configuration as the TanDEM-X mission. Finally, the conclusion is drawn with our major findings are presented.     

面向深空通信的分布式系统Raptor码传输机制

为缓解深空探测器与地面站之间的超远距离和星体遮挡,而导致巨大的信号衰减以及链路频繁中断的问题,基于容迟/容断网络（DTN）协议框架,利用轨道器进行多跳中继组网传输,设计了多个探测器经过轨道器向地面传输场景下的分布式系统Raptor编码传输方案（DSRC）。提出了联合译码简化方案,理论分析推导了DSRC方案及改进方案的性能参数,并与现有分布式无速率纠删方案进行仿真比较,在译码冗余为5%时达到了0.01的译码失败率。     

一种基于压缩感知的高分辨率宽测绘带合成孔径雷达成像算法

针对高分辨率宽测绘带合成孔径雷达（High Resolution Wide Swath Synthetic Aperture Radar, HRWS SAR）在俯仰向波束形成受地面目标高程影响造成增益损失以及在方位向非均匀采样造成模糊的问题,文中提出了一种基于压缩感知（Compressed Sensing, CS）技术的HRWS SAR成像算法。根据SAR系统和平台参数建立精确的观测模型后,通过求解优化问题直接准确地估计出了在地面高程变化影响下的目标来波方向（Direction of Arrival, DOA）并重建了非均匀采样下的方位向观测场景,从而实现了HRWS SAR在俯仰向和方位向的非模糊成像。仿真结果表明了本文算法的有效性。     

星载SAR全方位模糊特性及计算方法

常规的星载SAR模糊度计算方法是基于距离向一维方向图和方位向一维方向图,独立进行距离向模糊度和方位向模糊度分析.由于星载SAR对地观测是二维的,因此距离模糊度是全方位的,且真实的模糊能量仅来自于距离向模糊信号,方位向模糊是基于距离向模糊信号的基础上由于成像处理导致的模糊信号重组.为解决系统设计时预估分析的距离向模糊度值...     

一种提高距离分辨率的FMCW SAR RD成像算法

调频连续波合成孔径雷达（FMCW SAR）是一种新近提出来的成像雷达体制,它结合调频连续波与合成孔径成像技术,具有体积小、重量轻、成本低、分辨率高等一系列优点。从频谱的角度进行分析,FMCW SAR的距离分辨率取决于频率测量分辨率。文章研究了一种FMCW SAR高距离分辨率成像算法——利用FFT得到差频信号谱峰的粗略范围,再对这一范围进行ChirpZ变换,从而实现距离高精度估计,并且避免了大的计算量。仿真结果表明该方法的有效性。     

一种方位时变GEO SAR成像处理新算法

针对地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)回波模型的距离空变和方位时变问题,提出一种基于改进距离-多普勒(RD)和方位向调频尺度变换(CS)的成像算法。首先引入四阶泰勒展开模型解决成像中存在的弯曲轨迹问题,然后对传统RD算法进行改进,补偿距离空变,最后对方位时变进行建模,通过方位向CS补偿方位时变,使GEO SAR能够进行更大场景的成像。结合天基雷达先进仿真系统(SBRAS)进行仿真,验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于面元法的分布式涵道推进系统进气道优化设计

分布式涵道推进系统被认为是一种高效率的动力布局形式,其中进气道如何使气流低损失地快速过渡到数个圆形截面的涵道风扇进口是一个亟需探索的设计问题。以分布式涵道推进系统进气道过渡段为研究对象,基于面元计算方法,发展了一种进气道内流动的快速数值预测手段。应用所发展面元法数值方法结合进气道的超椭圆参数化方法、自适应优化算法建立了分布式涵道推进系统进气道的无经验优化设计方法。以某型悬停状态的分布式涵道推进垂直起降飞行器为例,使用该设计方法实现了从无圆滑过渡的简单初始几何到气动指标符合优化预期的光顺几何的优化设计。基于RANS的三维数值分析表明：所优化设计的进气道相比于初始几何总压畸变系数(DC)从0.0086降低到0.0067,低于基于经验设计的参考几何（DC=0.0073）,且流场无明显分离及旋涡,确认了这种具有高时间效率的无经验设计方法的有效性。