Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

某型发动机对畸变进气响应的流动耦合分析

建立了畸变进气下某型双轴发动机高压压气机，扩压器间流动耦合模型，完善了畸变进气对发动机稳定性影响模拟方法。数值模拟结果表明，考虑耦合影响给出的高压压气机出口静压畸变与其总压畸变不仅相位相反，而且随进口总压畸变强度变化而变化。据此所给出的高、低压压气机畸变响应和发动机推力响应特性也与进气道，发动机相容性理论相符合。     

安装误差角对陀螺加速度表的误差模型的影响

在已建立的陀螺加速度表误差模型的基础上,分析在惯性系统中安装误差角对仪表静态误差模型、动态误差模型和混合误差模型的影响。     

Experimental study of a controlled variable double-baffle distortion generator engine test rig

In order to explore the total-pressure distortion test assessment method for a turbofan engine, a Controlled Variable Double-Baffle Distortion Generator(CVDBDG) with a horizontal symmetry moving form was developed, which can adjust the steady-state and time–variant distortion separately in real time. The inlet total-pressure distortion test was conducted on an afterburner turbofan engine. The distortion parameters of CVDBDG and the instability characteristics of the engine were measured. The experimental data were modeled and analyzed by using back propagation artificial neural networks, and the work envelope of CVDBDG was obtained. Based on the analysis of the data on the engine's instability, the properties of CVDBDG used for the stability assessment were preliminarily evaluated. The results show that CVDBDG can simulate both steady-state and time–variant distortions simultaneously in a range determined by three envelopes.Under the condition of symmetric double baffles, a critical depth of insertion exists, beyond which the symmetric baffles will generate an asymmetric flow field. In the case of double baffles, compared to a single baffle, the engine exhibited different instability characteristics. Based on CVDBDG, it is expected that more efficient engine stability and durability assessment methods can be developed.     

弧齿锥齿轮误差敏感性优化设计

从齿面结构上提出了通过优化差曲面全曲率来改善弧齿锥齿轮的安装误差敏感性问题的方法.推导了啮合点处沿齿线方向的两啮合齿面全曲率作为敏感性系数,分析了局部综合参数和参考点位置参数对参考点处的敏感系数的影响.提出了通过优化传动比一阶导数、接触迹线方向、二阶变性系数和三阶变性系数,获得对安装误差敏感性低的小轮加工参数.算例表明:优化后的齿轮副在啮合过程中的敏感性系数控制在较小范围之内,传动误差的幅值和对称性均满足设计要求,改善了齿轮副的啮合质量.      

误差对同轴六分支分扭人字齿轮传动系统静均载性能影响

以同轴六分支分扭人字齿轮传动系统为研究对象,依据各齿轮受力状态建立该系统的静力平衡方程。考虑到制造误差和安装误差及输入输出轮浮动导致的错位,基于当量啮合误差理论,分析误差的存在性,最后根据系统功率闭环特征建立系统变形协调方程,形成了同轴六分支人字齿轮传动系统静均载分析方法,并结合实例求出系统各齿轮之间静均载系数及分支静均载系数。研究结果表明:在无误差或各齿轮误差均相同为常值时,第Ⅰ级各齿轮静态啮合力为1.773×105 N,第Ⅱ级各齿轮静态啮合力为3.673×105 N,系统具有很好静均载性能,系统分支静均载系数为1,该系统构成功率闭环误差可相互抵消;制造和安装误差幅值同时作用为50 μm时,求得制造误差下分支静均载系数变化幅度比安装误差下分支静均载系数要大,可知制造误差对系统静均载性能影响程度要大;分扭和并车误差幅值同时作用为50 μm时,并车级比分扭级静均载性能更容易受误差的影响,因此输出构件应该有浮动量。综上所述,随制造或安装误差增大或减少,都会对系统静均载性能造成不良的影响,其研究成果可为同轴减速器传动系统制造误差和安装误差精度确定,均载系数确定提供科学依据。      

失真仪误差分析和检定问题

本文通过大量的实验数据,详细分析了失真仪的各种误差,指出了影响失真仪质量的原因,提出了合理判定仪器质量的方法和建议,为厂家提供了改进设计的思路。     

局部可观测理论在INS/GPS机动对准中的应用

从研究INS/GPS(Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System)组合系统的姿态角误差可观测性出发,首次将局部可观测性理论应用于INS/GPS组合系统,定量地计算出各种不同机动方式的局部可观测矩阵的条件数,找到了提高姿态角误差可观测性的最佳机动方式.研究结果表明,通过载体做正弦水平机动飞行可以提高姿态角误差局部可观测性,使空中对准时间明显减少,姿态角误差大大降低.当对准时间为120 s时,东北天向姿态角误差的均值分别为12.34″,12.19″和-28.31″,它们的均方根值分别为0.97″,1.05″和0.62″.      

PINS静基座对准中的理论与算法的研究

分析了平台式惯导系统(PINS)静基座条件下的可观测性,采用系统可观测矩阵的条件数来定量计算PINS静基座可观测性能,找出该条件下的可观测矩阵条件数最小的3个不可观测变量.采用了自适应Kalman算法和常规Kalman算法对简化模型进行了仿真比较.仿真结果表明前者比后者滤波收敛快.进而提出了一种基于Elman神经网络的快速对准方法.