同波束干涉测量差分相时延观测模型研究及验证

针对月球轨道交会对接地面高精度引导需求,对同波束干涉测量差分相延观测模型进行分析验证。根据甚长基线干涉测量几何时延观测量同一波前的定义,推导出同波束差分时延观测量的观测模型。并提出一种精确的同波束干涉测量差分相时延闭合算法,同时结合SELENE任务实测的数据计算差分相时延闭合值,用于对观测模型进行验证。实测数据计算结果表明,采用本文提出的精确算法显著地消除同一波前差分相时延闭合值中的趋势项,差分相时延闭合值的精度在0.5ps~1ps范围内,验证了观测模型的正确性。该研究对于后续的月球交会对接地面高精度测定轨任务分析设计将具有一定的参考价值。     

基于修正差分进化算法确定周期内多载波微放电等效功率

微放电是空间微波部件设计所必须考虑的失效效应之一,随着空间宽带多载波模式的广泛采用,多载波条件下微波部件微放电问题引起广泛关注。针对周期内多载波微放电等效功率计算所采用传统经验公式的不足,提出了一种基于修正差分进化算法的确定周期内多载波微放电等效功率的全局优化方法。该方法通过对多载波合成信号功率特性进行分析,推导获得了 20个电子渡越时间内信号能量的表达式,采用二次插值法进行局部搜索,采用修正差分进化算法进行全局优化,从而高效、准确获得全局最优解。以幅度相等、频率间隔相等的多载波信号为例,进行了等效功率的确定,与经验公式的预测结果相当,验证了所提出方法的有效性;同时,对幅度不同、频率间隔不等的多载波信号进行了处理,获得了能够指导微波部件微放电设计的最坏状态及其等效功率。所提出方法不仅适用于幅度不同、频率间隔不等的多载波信号情况,并且能够提供微放电最坏状态时的相位分布,为多载波微放电实验验证提供相位输入。所提出方法相比传统的基于经验公式的方法具有明显优势,为空间宽带多载波工作微波部件微放电设计提供有效依据,在卫星转发器多载波微放电分析及设计中具有价值。     

基于改进差分进化算法的飞行控制律评估方法

 针对基本差分进化(DE)算法收敛慢、易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了基于混沌理论(CT)与高斯扰动的DE算法,进而通过典型测试函数仿真证明了该方法在收敛速度与全局搜索能力方面均优于基本型和其他改进型DE算法。在此基础上构建了基于DE算法的飞行控制律评估流程与实施步骤。实例表明,该方法克服了传统评估方法的缺陷,可在全飞行包线范围内及所有可预测参数摄动情况下对飞行控制律进行快速、准确的评估。     

箱梁颤振过程中旋涡的演化规律及气动力的变化特性

利用粒子图像测速技术（PIV）观测了箱梁颤振过程中模型周围流场的旋涡特征,以模型扭转振动位移作为参考信号,采用相位平均的方法研究了旋涡规律性演化对模型周期性振动的驱动作用。风速较低时,箱梁振幅很小,其尾部风嘴附近上侧的旋涡尺度也很小,不易观测到,而下侧的旋涡尺度较大,其形状接近于圆形。当风速接近颤振临界风速时,箱梁振幅明显增大,并且模型尾部风嘴上侧的旋涡尺度也显著增大,达到与下侧旋涡尺度相匹配的程度,模型尾部风嘴上下侧旋涡的交替作用主导了结构振动直到模型振动发散。基于流固松耦合的计算策略,采用计算流体动力学（CFD）的数值方法模拟了箱梁颤振临界状态下的绕流特性,结合正交特征分解（POD）的方法研究了模型颤振时刻表面压力的空间分布特征,通过分析发现在颤振过程中箱梁表面波动压力的主控成分向迎风侧风嘴漂移。     

TC11焊接接头高周疲劳分形损伤模型

根据金属疲劳断口具有几何分形特征,将Chaboche高周疲劳损伤模型推广到分数维空间,建立了综合考虑断口细观特征的高周疲劳分形损伤演化模型.针对TC11钛合金电子束焊接接头,以载荷控制的疲劳试验为基础研究其高周疲劳性能;采用扫描电镜法(SEM)对断口微观特征进行定量分析,计算得到了各级载荷下疲劳断口的分形维数;通过对试...     

基于低可探测性的参考航迹规划

根据分层规划思想,确定参考航迹是进行航迹规划时首先要解决的问题。在充分考虑雷达探测的各种环境因素及飞行器RCS方位分布特性的基础上,将雷达对目标发现概率作为参考航迹的一个重要评价指标,基于自适应进化算法,采用新的遗传算子,最终生成综合考虑雷达威胁和飞行距离的参考航迹。结果表明,该航迹规划模型能根据对低可探测性和航程的不...     

C/SiC材料在模拟空天往返条件下的可重复使用性能评估

针对飞行器空天往返、多次使用的发展需求,以2D C/SiC材料为对象,选择开放大气模拟环境、800 ℃温度条件开展了常/高温拉伸试验、以及常温→高温→降温循环变化历程下拉-拉疲劳的耦合试验,得到不同的力学性能规律,分析了影响材料表面涂层完整性的控制因素及转化点。表明C/SiC材料具有优良的高温静态持续强度性能,但在常-高温循环变化历程下的疲劳性能明显衰减。采用剩余刚度衰减模型,提出了力-热-氧耦合时考虑常-高温循环历程影响因素、以及氧化尺寸效应影响的疲劳剩余性能评估方法。     

TUGSAT-1/BRITE-Austria—The first Austrian nanosatellite

A nanosatellite to investigate the brightness oscillations of massive luminous stars by differential photometry is currently developed by a Canadian/Austrian team within the BRITE (Bright Target Explorer) project. The first Austrian satellite funded by the Austrian Space Program, called TUGSAT-1/BRITE-Austria, builds on the space heritage of the most successful Canadian CanX-2 and MOST missions. The satellite makes use of recent advances in miniaturized attitude determination and control systems. Precision three-axis stabilization by small reaction wheels and a star tracker provides the necessary accuracy for the photometer telescope to the arcminute level. This will provide to the astronomers photometric data of the most massive stars with unprecedented precision; data which cannot be obtained from the ground due to limitations imposed by the terrestrial atmosphere.The paper describes the spacecraft characteristics and the ground infrastructure being established in support of the BRITE mission which will consist of a constellation of up to four nearly identical satellites allowing to carry out long-term observation of stars (magnitude +3.5) not only with respect to brightness variations, but also in different spectrum ranges.     

Semi-analytical investigations of high area-to-mass ratio geosynchronous space debris including Earth’s shadowing effects

This paper investigates the long-term perturbations of the orbits of geosynchronous space debris influenced by direct radiation pressure including the Earth’s shadowing effects. For this purpose, we propose an extension of our homemade semi-analytical theory [Valk, S., Lemaître, A., Deleflie, F. Semi-analytical theory of mean orbital motion for geosynchronous space debris under gravitational influence. Adv. Space Res., submitted for publication], based on the method developed by Aksnes [Aksnes, K. Short-period and long-period perturbations of a spherical satellite due to direct solar radiation. Celest. Mech. Dyn. Astron. 13, 89–104, 1976] and generalized into a more convenient non-singular formalism. The perturbations accounting for the direct radiation pressure with the Earth’s shadow are computed on a revolution-by-revolution basis, retaining the original osculating Hamiltonian disturbing function. In this framework, we compute the non-singular mean longitude at shadow entry and shadow exit at every orbital revolution in opposition to classical approaches where the singular eccentric anomalies at shadow entry and shadow exit are computed. This new algorithm is developed using non-singular variables. Consequently, it is particularly suitable for both near-circular and near-equatorial orbits as well as orbits which transit periodically around null eccentricities and null inclinations.The algorithm is tested by means of numerical integrations of the equations, averaged over the short periods, including radiation pressure, J₂, the combined Moon and Sun third body attraction as well as the long-term effects of the 1:1 resonance occurring for geosynchronous objects. As an extension of [Valk, S., Lemaître, A., Anselmo, L. Analytical and semi-analytical investigations of geosynchronous space debris with high area-to-mass ratios influenced by solar radiation pressure. Adv. Space Res., doi:10.1016/j.asr.2007.10.025, 2007b], we especially apply our analysis to space debris with area-to-mass as high as 20 m²/kg. This paper provides numerical and semi-analytical investigations leading to a deep understanding of the long-term evolution of the semi-major axis. Finally, these semi-analytical investigations are compared with accurate numerical integrations of the osculating equations of motion over time scales as high as 25 years.     

基于微分平坦方法的三维制导律设计

针对强耦合条件下的三维制导问题提出了一种新的设计框架。滚动引起的俯仰、偏航通道之间的强耦合关系,使得双通道解耦的三维制导律设计困难,使用微分平坦方法可以克服这一困难。首先使用矢量建立了导弹的一般运动学描述,并由此证明导弹制导系统是微分平坦的。依据系统的平坦输出设计比例-微分(PD)控制律可以实现目标静止或机动时的制导。进一步,通过对PD参数的适当约束可以实现任意落角及任意入射方位角的制导。仿真结果验证了该设计的优点。