基于发动机与飞机的藻基航空燃料全生命周期分析

讨论了基于发动机类别及其飞机的藻基航空替代燃料与常规航空燃料对全生命周期的影响。基于GREET（the greenhouse gases,regulated emissions,and energy use in transportation）模型,依据平均载荷、最大航程,将民航客机分为单通道窄体、双通道中型、双通道大型、巨型、支线和公务机等6类。起飞、爬升、进近、滑行、巡航过程的燃料消耗及排放采用国际民用航空组织、美国NASA-AAFEX实验、欧洲EASA适航条例提供的数据。计算了6类发动机-飞机的气体排放、能量消耗情况。在双通道大型客机中藻基航空替代燃料制备过程的温室气体排放仅为0.2351g/(kg·km),原因为该类客机与小型飞机相比有更好的发动机效率和运输效率。然而由于起飞降落过程排放比例较大,单通道窄体客机在航程上对温室气体排放变化更为敏感。      

考虑层间应力的厚复合材料结构多级优化设计方法

充分发挥复合材料的利用率,降低结构重量,厚复合材料结构优化设计是非常重要的。然而优化设计空间复杂,层间应力问题突出,离散设计变量等问题使得厚复合材料结构的优化变得十分困难。针对由铺层相同的子层板叠成的厚复合材料层合板结构的复杂优化问题,本文提出一种多级优化设计方法。第一级优化采用基于径向基神经网络代理模型的优化设计方法,设计变量为子层内层数及铺层比例;第二级优化分为两个层次进行,系统层以结构重量最轻为目标,设计变量为子层数,子系统层采用遗传算法优化铺层顺序,以层间应力因子最小为目标。结合算例,通过Matlab编写遗传算法,并应用Isight集成Matlab来实现该优化设计方法。结果表明:本文提出的多级优化设计方法是有效的,能够很好地实现具有周期性铺层方式的厚复合材料层合板结构的优化设计。     

一种新的基于位置信息的路由算法研究

 为航空移动Ad hoc网络(MANET)提出一种基于位置信息的路由算法,即位置网格路由（LBGR）算法,以此来解决节点高速移动引起的路径重建问题。算法中,数据包沿路由发现时得到的网格轨迹进行传输,每个收到数据包的中转节点根据它与相邻节点、目的节点的位置关系及网络轨迹下游的路由网格位置决定下一跳节点。由于利用了网格位置信息,LBGR算法在航空节点高速移动和拓扑变化无法事先预测的情况下,使用较少的开销就可获得稳定的路由。仿真结果表明,与GRID路由算法相比,LBGR算法在节点中高速移动时,能够有效地减少路由开销,提高网络吞吐量。     

一种SAR原始数据压缩新算法

 由于合成孔径雷达（SAR）原始数据的相关性很低,直接压缩原始数据是比较困难的。因此提出一种新算法,先对SAR原始数据做距离聚焦处理,使其在方位向具有较强的相关性,再沿方位向做线性预测,并对预测差值系列做块自适应量化。实验表明,在相同比特率条件下,该算法得到的数据域信噪比和图像域信噪比均比块自适应量化(BAQ)算法高,计算量远小于有关文献给出的距离聚焦后的压缩方法,具有一定实用价值。     

微小卫星剩磁在轨标定技术研究

 基于微小卫星姿态确定系统常采用无陀螺配置方案,克服环境干扰力矩的影响并提高微小卫星姿态确定的精度是此类姿态确定系统的关键。分析了星上稳定剩余磁场对无陀螺微小卫星姿态确定的干扰机理,建立了卫星剩余磁矩与磁强计偏置标定模型。以磁强计、太阳敏感器作为姿态敏感器件,并采用扩展卡尔曼滤波器实现标定算法,为无陀螺磁测微小卫星消除剩磁干扰,获得高精度姿态估计提供了一种新方法。仿真结果表明：该方法能准确估计卫星剩余磁矩与磁强计偏置,磁强计偏置的标定精度在1 nT左右,剩余磁矩的标定精度为0.000 1 A·m²量级,有效消除了剩磁对无陀螺卫星姿态确定的影响,显著提高了姿态确定精度,滤波器能在500 s内收敛。     

Optimization and Sizing for Propulsion System of Liquid Rocket Using Genetic Algorithm

Flight vehicle conceptual design appears to be a promising area for application of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an approach to help to automate part of the design process. This computational research effort strives to develop a propulsion system design strategy for liquid rocket to optimize take-off mass, satisfying the mission range under the constraint of axial overload. The method by which this process is accomplished by using GA as optimizer is outlined in this paper. Convergence of GA is improved by introducing initial population based on Design of Experiments Technique.     

Dynamic Response Analysis of Bird Strike on Aircraft Windshield Based on Damage-modified Nonlinear Viscoelastic Constitutive Relation

Damage-modified nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive equation and failure criterion are introduced and the three-dimensional incremental forms are deduced based on the updated Lagrangian approach. A simple tensile test model and a split Hopkinson pressure bar model are built to verify the accuracy of the subroutine implemented within the non-linear finite element program LS-DYNA. A numerical model of bird strike on windshield is established to study the responses of windshield under three different bird velocities at three sites. The bird is represented by a cylinder with a hemisphere at each end and the contact-impact coupling algorithm is used in this study. It is found that the implemented subroutine can properly describe the mechanical behavior of polymethyl methacrylate under low and high strain rates and large deformation, and can be used validly.     

Interactive Multi-objective Optimization Design for the Pylon Structure of an Airplane

The pylon structure of an airplane is very complex, and its high-fidelity analysis is quite time-consuming. If posterior preference optimization algorithm is used to solve this problem, the huge time consumption will be unacceptable in engineering practice due to the large amount of evaluation needed for the algorithm. So, a new interactive optimization algorithm-interactive multi-objective particle swarm optimization （IMOPSO） is presented. IMOPSO is efficient, simple and operable. The decision-maker can expediently determine the accurate preference in IMOPSO. IMOPSO is used to perform the pylon structure optimization design of an airplane, and a satisfactory design is achieved after only 12 generations of IMOPSO evolutions. Compared with original design, the maximum displacement of the satisfactory design is reduced, and the mass of the satisfactory design is decreased for 22%.     

FADS系统迭代算法的收敛性分析

嵌入式大气数据传感系统采用分布在飞行器前端周线上的压力传感器阵列测量的压力推导大气参数的.介绍了采用迭代法推导大气参数的方法,针对迭代过程中出现的发散问题,提出采用小扰动线性化分析法解决多变量叠代算法的收敛性分析.最后应用Matlab仿真验证,仿真结果表明,在一般的超声速状态下(马赫数小于4.5),该算法是收敛的.     

大规模混合网格的分区策略研究

在飞行器阻力数值模拟中常常需要数百万网格点的巨型混合网格,甚至需要网格点数达到数千万的超巨型混合网格.在并行计算前往往需要对这些大规模混合网格进行分区操作.针对Metis库函数所需要输入的大规模边表的生成问题,提出了一种生成边表的并行算法,并运用此算法,在微机机群上对具有4,787,893个网格点的DLR-F6翼型(翼身组合体 挂架 发动机短舱)的巨型混合网格成功地生成21,556,110条边的大规模边表,进而采用Metis提供的多级循环二分法顺利地对该巨型混合网格实现均匀分区,从而验证了该并行算法的有效性.