双星编队对空间非合作目标的仅测角跟踪方法

针对单星仅测角对目标跟踪误差较大和不良测量条件下跟踪精度下降的问题,提出利用编队卫星对非合作目标进行联合跟踪的方法。采用考虑地球非球形J2引力摄动的轨道动力学模型,建立多视线测量模型,融合编队卫星对目标的观测数据。然后,基于新息设计增益调节矩阵提高滤波器在测量故障条件下的鲁棒性。最后,建立仿真模型进行验证。仿真结果表明,相比单星跟踪,该方法的位置误差和速度误差分别减少了27.06%和26.96%。在系统存在异常量测时,相比常规滤波,该方法也具有更高的精确性和更好的鲁棒性。     

基于多特征图像增强深度卷积神经网络的航天用电子元器件分类算法

为了实现航天用电子元器件的全自动及非接触识别,并减少由照明系统造成的图像亮度不均、偏色等问题对检测结果的影响,通过结合局部、区域和总体三个层次特征提升物体检测精度,提出了一种基于多特征图像增强深度卷积神经网络(MFIE-DCNN)的航天用电子元器件分类算法。MFIE-DCNN算法包含多特征学习和深度学习,其学习过程类似于人类视觉系统,能够对形状、方向和颜色特征进行深度挖掘,突出元器件边界信息,抑制背景杂波干扰。实验结果表明,该算法能够区分电路板板载元器件的种类,检测准确度优于传统算法。对比基于稀疏自动编码器的深度神经网络,检测结果提高了近20%。     

卫星光通信粗瞄系统非线性摩擦的神经网络补偿

 为克服摩擦对卫星光通信(IOC)瞄准捕获跟踪（PAT）粗瞄子系统的精度控制的影响,首先利用PD控制器以获得稳定的轨迹;再用一种扩展的神经网络结构在线逼近摩擦函数,对摩擦力矩进行补偿;在此基础上,利用传统单层神经网络和自适应的鲁棒项消除神经网络的逼近误差及外部扰动。最后用李亚普诺夫函数方法证明在本文的控制策略下,可以保证系统的渐近稳定性和参数的有界性。     

基于嵌入式技术的微型潜艇研制

提出了一套“无线遥测遥控GPS自动导航微型摄影潜艇”的解决方案。综合了多种学科、集成了多项嵌入式技术,最终实现了由岸上的计算机通过远程无线遥控遥测水下潜艇、借助GPS导航自动航行、遥测水体数据、并实时观测水下视频场景功能。     

New index of long-term variations of galactic cosmic ray intensity

We find that the soft rigidity spectrum of the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) intensity variations for the maximum epoch and the hard rigidity spectrum for the minimum epoch calculated based on the neutron monitors experimental data (1960–2002) are related with the various dependence of the diffusion coefficient on the GCR particle’s rigidity for different epoch of solar activity. This dependence is stronger in the maximum epoch than in the minimum epoch of solar activity, and is provided by the essential temporal rearrangements of the structure of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) turbulence from the maxima to minima epoch of solar activity. We also show that the rigidity spectrum of GCR intensity variations is harder for the effective rigidities ∼(10–15) GV (by neutron monitors data), than for the effective rigidities ∼(25–30) GV (by neutron monitors and muon telescopes data). A general scenario of GCR modulation versus solar activity is settled on the essential temporal rearrangements of the structure of the IMF turbulence. Therefore, the temporal changes of the power law rigidity spectrum exponent can be considered as a vital (new) index to explain the 11-year variations of the GCR intensity. We assume that ∼(70–80)% of the changes of the amplitudes of the 11-year variations of GCR intensity is related with the changes of the IMF turbulence versus solar activity.     

一种简便、实用的公开密钥系统

本文提出了一种新型的、简便、实用的保密通讯方案。该方案利用现有不保密通信信道提供双用户或多用户之间的可靠保密通信。由于公开密钥采用大素数模运算,而加密和解密变换却采用相对较小的素数模运算,故系统实现比较方便,在微机上能够很容易实现。论证表明该方案几乎是不可破译的。     

Evaluating NASA's role in risk communication process surrounding space policy decisions

In an effort to standardize evaluations of agency communications with stakeholders, a recent NASA report outlined the need to consider metrics that could be used to measure effectiveness over time by monitoring communications output and examining the outcome of communication activities. While evaluating agency communications in this way seems straightforward, actually carrying out such an evaluation is fraught with potential problems. This is especially true of communications surrounding risky or stigmatized activities, as evaluations of this type may lead to an overemphasis on negative participant reactions and an obscuring of those areas where competent work is being done. To help avoid this, an alternative is to conduct evaluations of the process involved in creating agency communications, rather than people's reactions to the communication programs themselves. Adopting this approach de-emphasizes the supposed requirement for researchers to correlate an individual or group's behavior with comprehension or agreement with agency communications. This paper outlines 5 criteria for such a process and discusses them in the context of an evaluation of the risk communication program surrounding the Cassini mission to Saturn.     

磁空间群PC 63/mmc的C-G系数计算

在晶体拉曼散射的张量计算中，晶体磁空间群的C-G系数具有重要的作用。利用本征函数法计算了Pc63／mmc磁空间群第一布里渊区中的对称点A之间的C-G系数。     

民航VHF地空通信干扰对策研究

民航VHF地空通信干扰是近年来困扰中国民航的难点问题。通过对中国某机场干扰情况的深入调查和研究，明确了主要干扰源及其产生机理。同时结合中国电磁环境的实际情况和民航自身的特点，提出了从民航自身入手、加强管理、建立监控体系和应急VHF通信接收系统的解决思路。     

Language cues in the formation of hierarchical representations of space

We study the role of place and region names in the formation of spatial hierarchies. Representations were probed behaviorally, i.e., by choices between two equidistant routes differing only in the number of regions they touched. Routes crossing fewer region boundaries are preferred over routes crossing more region boundaries. Visual landmark objects from a common semantic category placed in spatial vicinity induce region representations. Here we show that region dependent route preference is reduced if the landmark objects are replaced by signs displaying object names. The effects of explicit region names and linguistic properties of different naming schemes are discussed.