化学镀镍钨磷合金过程中的析氢行为和沉积机理

本文研究了化学镀镍钨磷合金过程中的析氢行为，发现总析氢量大于金属沉积的量，即产生氢气的法拉第电流大于金属沉积的法拉第电流。认为镍钨磷合金化学沉积的机理是镍、钨、磷、氢的竞争放电，且除金属沉积时伴随着等量的析氢外，氢也能单独析出。温度、pH值和亚磷酸根浓度对合金沉积速度和合金成分的影响表明，该体系能在很宽的工艺范围内获得光亮、均匀、结合力良好的镀层。用塔菲尔斜率分析法测量的合金沉积速度与重量法测得的相一致，说明电化学方法可以用于确定化学度的沉积速度。     

数字全息测量超高速撞击碎片云实验研究

在中国空气动力研究与发展中心(CARDC)超高速碰撞中心(HIRC)7.6 mm超高速碰撞设备的基础上，搭建纳秒级脉冲激光数字全息系统。提出滤波片和衰减片组合布置，减弱超高速碰撞等离子体自发光、提高信噪比的方法。实验获得了2.25 mm铝球弹丸以4.0 km/s的速度撞击0.5 mm厚铝板形成碎片云的全息图。采用小波变换算法对碎片云全息图进行重建，得到超高速撞击碎片云的三维结构和碎片大小。碎片云的轮廓呈椭球型，分为碎片云的前端、核心和外壳，碎片主要分布在弹丸破碎形成的碎片云核心，存在大碎片，且分布较集中，对后板的损伤也严重     

A constitutive model coupling damage and material anisotropy for wide stress triaxiality

A constitutive model that can describe the damage evolution of anisotropic metal sheets during the complex forming processes which experience wide stress triaxiality history is essential to accurately predict the deformation and rupture behaviors of the processes. In this study, a modified Lemaitre damage criterion which couples with the anisotropic Barlat 89 yield function is established. The effects of stress triaxiality, Lode parameter and shear stress on damage accumulation are considered in the constitutive model. The model is numerically implemented and applied to fracture prediction in tensile tests with different stress triaxialities and a complex deformation process with wide stress triaxiality history. The good consistency of predictions and experiments indicates that the modified Lemaitre damage model has excellent fracture prediction ability. Finally, the accuracy of the model is analyzed and discussed.     

A concept mission for the Stellar Population and Evolution with Cubesats (SPEC)

Binary or multiple stellar systems, constituting almost a third of the content of the Milky Way, represent a high priority astronomical target due to their repercussions on the stellar dynamical and evolutionary parameters. Moreover the spectral study of such class of stars allows to better constrain the evolutionary theories of the Galactic stellar populations. By resolving the members of stellar systems through photometric observations we are able to perform more detailed measurements to infer their mass. In this paper we investigate the feasibility of a cubesat based mission including an optical payload to directly optically discriminate the members of a selected sample of binary systems. The scientific targets, consisting 11?M class dwarf stars binary systems, have been extracted from the already studied Riaz catalogue. These subset has been selected considering the star distance, the members angular separation, and the distance from the Galactic plane (due to limit the background and foreground contamination). The satellite concept is based on a 6 unit Cubesat embedding some commercial off the shelf components and an ad hoc designed optical payload occupying almost 4 units. The optical configuration has been chosen in order to fit the angular resolution requirements, as derived from the target characteristics. Moreover, according to the optical analysis and the computed field of view some requirements on the attitude control system have been inferred and fulfilled by the component selection. The paper is organized as in the following: a brief scientific introduction is made; consequently the project is described with particular attention to the optical design and the standard sub-systems; finally the conclusions are drawn and the future perspectives are investigated.     

跨介质航行器波浪环境入水流场演变和运动特性研究

跨介质航行器是一种既可以在空中飞行又可以在水下潜航的新概念航行器,基于仿生学原理,提出一种通过改变外形实现水空介质跨越的航行器模型,通过入水试验装置和计算流体动力学方法,对航行器带攻角从空气到水的介质跨越过程进行了试验和数值仿真研究,得到了跨介质入水过程航行器的运动姿态和入水空泡形态,并通过数值仿真得到了航行器的升力、阻力、速度和加速度演化规律。同时基于数值模拟方法对有波浪情况和静水情况下航行器入水过程空泡演变以及运动特性进行对比。结果表明:提出的航行器构型在水中具有较好的姿态调整能力,波浪的有无和波高的不同都会对航行体入水运动特性造成影响。     

关于地球转移轨道碎片的轨道寿命问题

低轨卫星的轨道寿命主要取决于大气的耗散作用,其轨道在不断变小(即高度降低)变圆的状态下进入地球稠密大气层中陨落。但地球转移轨道(GTO)碎片的运行轨道是一个近地点高度为200km,远地点高度达36000km的大偏心率(e=0.73)椭圆轨道,其轨道寿命主要由第三体(日、月)引力摄动所决定,而且还与其轨道的初始状态有密切关系。本文将根据地球卫星轨道变化规律进行理论分析,阐明力学机制,并给出相应的数值验证。     

天基强银河背景下的空间碎片探测试验及分析

本文设计并完成了银河背景下碎片探测试验,数据分析表明,强的银河背景会降低探测器对暗弱碎片的探测能力,但对碎片的天文定位精度影响不大。本文验证了采用基于探测概率的极限探测星等方法表征探测器极限探测能力的合理性,以及基于仿真的方法增加数据完备度的可行性。本文的工作将为后续天基探测器的设计及探测试验的开展提供依据。     

边缘计算在电机远程运维系统中的应用探讨

介绍了边缘计算的基本概念及与云计算的对比。针对电机远程运维需求,介绍了电机远程运维系统的架构及主要功能。在描述边缘侧设备与远程运维平台的数据交互过程的基础上,详细阐述了边缘计算在电机远程运维系统中的应用。     

基于优化智能网络的发动机推力指令模型

针对航空发动机性能退化缓解控制中推力指令模型输入量有限问题,提出1种双智能网络串联的推力指令建模方法.其中子模型Ⅰ采用BP网络映射与推力密切相关的气路参数,其输出作为子模型Ⅱ的输入;子模型Ⅱ采用优化极端学习机(ELM)算法,输出为额定发动机推力,并以此推力为性能蜕化缓解控制指令.为了减小ELM网络规模,提高推力指令模型实时性,采用微分进化算法(DE)优化ELM初始网络参数.数字仿真验证表明:各飞行包线内推力指令模型预测值最大相对误差小于4‰,远优于单一神经网络最大8.17％和单一极端学习机最大14.5％的误差,模型推力指令计算时间仅需0.64ms,实时性好,验证了该推力指令模型的有效性.     

无网格法耦合RNG k-ε湍流模型在亚、跨声速翼型黏性绕流中的数值模拟

基于移动最小二乘无网格方法,耦合RNG(Re-Normalisation Group)k-ε湍流模型求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程。采用AUSM(Advection Upstream Splitting Method)+-up迎风格式求解数值通量,应用在高度各向异性点云结构中取得良好结果的点云重构技术结合移动最小二乘法拟合空间导数,并用三阶SSP(Strong Stability Preserving)型Runge-Kutta显式时间推进格式求解离散后的控制方程。在此基础之上,实现了对NACA0012、RAE2822翼型亚、跨声速黏性绕流的数值模拟,给出了翼型表面压力系数分布曲线、不同位置处的平均速度剖面、马赫数等值线等计算结果,并与实验值及相关文献数值模拟结果进行比较,结果吻合较好。表明所发展的结合点云重构技术的无网格方法耦合RNGk-ε湍流模型能够成功模拟翼型亚、跨声速黏性绕流,验证了所提算法的有效性,并拓展了无网格方法求解湍流流动的途径。