A novel data association scheme for LEO space debris surveillance based on a double fence radar system

The increasing amount of space debris threatens to seriously deteriorate and damage space-based instruments in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) environments. Therefore, LEO space debris surveillance systems must be developed to provide situational awareness in space and issue warnings of collisions with LEO space debris. In this paper, a double fence radar system is proposed as an emerging paradigm for LEO space debris surveillance. This system exhibits several unique and promising characteristics compared with existing surveillance systems. In this paper, we also investigate the data association scheme for LEO space debris surveillance based on a double fence radar system. We also perform a theoretical analysis of the performance of our proposed scheme. The superiority and the effectiveness of our novel data association scheme is demonstrated by experimental results. The data used in our experiments is the LEO space debris catalog produced by the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD) up to 2009, especially for scenarios with high densities of LEO space debris, which were primarily produced by the collisions between Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251. We hope that our work will stimulate and benefit future work on LEO space debris surveillance approaches and enable construction of the double fence radar system.     

管内激波串振荡和壁面脉动压力特性

分析了管内激波串振荡引起的壁面压力脉动特性。采用直联风洞实验方式结合动态压力测量技术获得了矩形管道内不同激波串位置下的壁面压力分布数据,对所得压力脉动幅值、功率谱密度曲线等结果进行分析,探讨激波串流动非定常特点与引起压力脉动的机制。     

无源跟踪观测信息的融合优化滤波算法研究

为充分利用探测设备可测得的到达时间、到达方向和多普勒频率等空域、时域与频域信息,提出了一种新的单站无源定位系统数据融合优化滤波算法。给出了算法的基本原理及其模型。仿真结果表明：与传统算法相比,该算法具更好的定位精度和收敛速度,是一种有效、可行的定位算法。     

高速16QAM数据传输技术研究

文章简要介绍16QAM技术及其性能特点,介绍国外16QAM技术的应用情况和最新技术,重点对TWTA非线性对16QAM传输影响进行仿真和分析;针对16QAM传输体制,提出减小非线性影响的方案,同时对16QAM需求和应用前景进行了分析。     

基于扩展Kalm an滤波的实时测速定轨算法

针对实时测速定轨 (即只用测速数据确定运动目标的状态参数 )的实现问题 ,研究了一种扩展 Kalman滤波方法 ,并利用其状态方程和线性化观测方程得到定轨算法。理论推导和仿真结果表明 ,此算法是收敛的 ,且精度较高。     

国防原子时测试系统的设计与实现

随着现代武器系统的日趋高速化、自动化和智能化,时间频率在高技术战争中的地位越来越突出,国防原子时系统的运行研究,将对我国独立自主的时间标准系统的建立提供有利的技术支持。本文较详尽地阐述了国防原子时测试系统的组成,并介绍了系统中比对测试软件、环境监测系统的设计以及相关数据库的搭建。     

一种靶场试验遥测数据处理与分析系统的设计与实现

针对靶场试验遥测数据特点,设计了一种遥测数据处理分析系统。作为靶场测试流程和飞行结果判别的重要环节,遥测数据处理分析系统软件实现了繁杂测试数据处理与发布、数据管理和数据判读与服务等功能。该系统的设计与实现为靶场数字化建设提供了重要支撑,具有较强的实用性与推广价值。     

低温红外镜头星点检测数据处理方法研究

在实验室模拟低温真空环境对红外镜头进行星点检测时,不能在像面处直接测得星点光源的像,而是通过在焦面处放置反射镜使系统二次成像的方法测得二次成像的弥散斑大小。二次像斑尺寸的变化将能反映出由温度变化引起的被测镜头焦面处像斑尺寸的变化。通过理论推导得出一次像与二次像弥散斑大小的数学关系,并通过对不同尺寸星点光源、不同像质光学系统的仿真分析,得出星点检测法的检测精度与星点孔直径有关,而与镜头本身成像品质无关。     

机务段设备数据采集通讯系统抗干扰措施探讨

通过对机务段设备工作环境特点分析 ,结合工程设计实验经验 ,提出了机务段设备数据采集系统抗干扰措施。     

The impact of error covariance matrix structure of GRACE’s gravity solution on the mass flux estimates of Greenland ice sheet

The error variance-covariance matrices of the monthly GRACE gravity field models are usually well-structured (e.g., order-leading) to contain the error information of the monthly gravity field models, and they are important information to further improve the accuracy of the estimated mass transportation by a post-processing scheme. Intensive studies have been performed to understand the impact of different approximations of the full error variance-covariance matrix on the mass estimates obtained with the conventional GRACE-post processing methods (e.g., the de-striping method). In this study, based on the variants of the mascon approach which treat monthly GRACE solutions as input, we consider four different structures to the error variance-covariance matrix, (i) full matrix, (ii) block diagonal matrix, (iii) diagonal matrix, and (iv) identity matrix, and examine their impact on the mass transport estimates in Greenland. Using both synthetic and real data, we analyze the results at four temporal scales: (i) the long-term decadal scale, (ii) the inter-annual scale, (iii) the seasonal scale, and (iv) the monthly scale. Based on the synthetic study, we find that for the recovery of the long-term trend, the application of the diagonal structure obtains the best estimates. This is caused by the amplification of the model error in the mascon approach when considering the full and block diagonal structures of error variance-covariance matrix, not due to any imperfection of them. Therefore, we emphasize that one should be aware of mascon model deficiency in the mascon approach. Furthermore, the best inter-annual, seasonal and monthly mass estimates are derived by considering the block diagonal and full structures. This is caused by the behavior of the bias and the unique parameterization error in the case of different structures. A similar finding is also presented in the real data case. Finally, our analysis denotes the necessity of releasing the block diagonal structure together with the official monthly gravity field model for the GRACE Follow-On mission, instead of releasing only the diagonal structure as done for the GRACE mission.