运输机翼型结冰的计算和实验

采用数值计算和结冰风洞实验相结合的手段,对某运输机机翼剖面缩比翼型的结冰特性进行了研究.结冰实验在气动中心0.3m×0.2m结冰风洞中进行,实验模型为弦长0.18m的层流翼型.翼型的绕流流场通过求解低速黏流的时均Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程得到,采用拉格朗日法计算水滴撞击特性,在此基础上,求解结冰热力学模型...     

聚集状态下燃烧室凝相粒子粒度特性实验

设计了具有收敛段的粒子发生装置,采用密闭收集水罐,针对HTPB推进剂开展实验,有效完整地收集到了聚集状态下的凝相粒子。采用扫描电镜和粒度分析仪对收集的粒子进行了分析。结果表明,聚集状态下颗粒间碰撞聚合非常严重,大颗粒一般由多个颗粒聚合而成。碰撞聚合条件下凝相粒子的粒度分布范围比较宽,颗粒分布峰值粒度在9～13μm之间,比非聚集状态下的主峰粒度大很多。研究结果可为两相流数值计算、发动机工作过程分析提供基础数据。     

600A直流电流自动化测量系统的建立

介绍了一套新研制的采用零磁通电流互感器方法建立的直流电流自动化测量系统。简述了设备的基本原理及其独特结构 ,分析了整套测量系统的测量不确定度 ,介绍了实现系统自动化测量所采用的图形式软件开发平台LABVIEW及其编程方法 ,系统的电流测量范围为 0A～ 6 0 0A ,测量不确定度为 4 6× 10 - 5。     

一种新型通用经纬仪检定装置设计

新型通用经纬仪检定装置针对平行光管结构进行了重新优化设计,具有提供瞄准目标、光电自准直和图像采集及处理三大功能.基于图像采集与处理的关键技术,通过CMOS相机光学成像系统实现分划板图像采集,利用图像处理软件解算出特征图像的中心位置,得到被测经纬仪光轴与目标光管光轴的夹角或者自准直的失准值,最终达到用图像识别和软件处理取...     

飞行原理实验教学现状调查研究及对策

飞行原理实验教学是飞行技术专业教学工作的重要组成部分.本文对普通高校飞行技术专业飞行原理实验课教学现状进行了问卷调查,分析了目前飞行原理实验课教学存在的问题,并提出了相关的措施与建议.     

Heat storage and electricity generation in the Moon during the lunar night

One of the biggest challenges of the exploration of the Moon is the survival of the crew and the lunar assets during the lunar night. The environmental conditions on the lunar surface and its cycle, with long periods of darkness, make any long mission in need of specific amounts of heat and electricity to be successful. We have analyzed two different systems to produce heat and electricity on the Moon's surface. The first system consists of Thermal Wadis, sources of thermal power that can be used to supply heat to protect the exploration systems from the extreme cold during periods of darkness. Previous results showed that Wadis can supply enough heat to keep lunar devices such as rovers above their minimum operating temperature (approximately 243 K). The second system studied here is the Thermal Energy Storage (TES), which is able to run a heat engine during the lunar night to produce electricity. When the Sun is shining on the Moon's surface, the system can run the engine directly using the solar power and simultaneously heat a thermal mass. This thermal mass is used as a high temperature source to run the heat engine during the night. We present analytical and numerical calculations for the determination of an appropriate thermal mass for the TES system.     

Electrochemical trepanning with an auxiliary electrode

Electrochemical trepanning (ET) is one of the main methods for processing the blisks in aero-engines. However, stray corrosion in ET has a very negative impact on the machining quality of the blades. This paper proposes an innovative ET method with an auxiliary electrode surrounding the inner wall of the cavity above the cathode. Two-dimensional electric-field models are established and simulations are carried out with the auxiliary electrode at different positions and different electric potentials. The electric-field simulations show that adding the auxiliary electrode reverses the directions of the current lines in the processed area, thereby protecting it. The results show that when the distance from the bottom of the auxiliary electrode to the top of the cathode tool is 3 mm and the potential difference between the auxiliary electrode and the anode workpiece is 5 V, the area corroded by stray current is decreased. Experiments are performed under the parameter values determined by the simulations, and they confirm that this method is effective at reducing stray corrosion. Specifically, at a feed rate of 2.5 mm/min, the blade taper angle is decreased from 1.37° to −0.09°, the thickness of the leading and trailing edges is increased from 0.307 mm to 0.704 mm, and the average surface roughness is decreased from S_a =8.239 μm to S_a=7.028 μm.     

基于修正模型的自适应跟踪算法

提出一种基于修正模型的自适应跟踪算法（CSM-AKF）。通过状态扩维和机动检测实现模型参数的自适应调整,克服＂当前＂统计（CS）模型中参数预设的负面影响,提高了系统的跟踪精度以及目标在做强机动时的快速响应能力。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

降雨条件下翼型的气动特性

采用计算流体力学方法对降雨条件下翼型的气动特性进行了研究.通过求解定常可压的Navier-Stokes方程来计算流场,采用拉格朗日法对流场中的雨滴轨迹进行了模拟跟踪,得到了翼型表面的雨滴收集率;建立了水膜层数学模型,并假定水膜层沿着翼型表面的法向方向增长,预测了降雨引起的翼型外形的变化,并得到了水膜层表面的粗糙度高度;采用k-ωSST(shear-stress transport)两方程湍流模型结合增强的壁面函数,研究了降雨对翼型气动特性的影响.结果表明,在低迎角范围内,降雨对翼型的升力系数和阻力系数影响很小;当达到失速迎角后,降雨会引起上翼面边界层气流的提前分离,造成翼型气动性能的严重损失.      

三维复杂表面水滴撞击特性计算

为预测多段翼和发动机进气道等三维复杂形状表面在结冰气象条件下的水滴撞击特性,提出了一种基于欧拉两相流模型求解水滴收集系数的方法.空气相和水滴相认为是单相耦合的,空气流场由Euler或Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程独立求得.给出了一种水滴相撞击壁面边界条件的处理方法.为避免因局部水滴容积分数异常而导致计算发散,提出了一种自适应的数值扩散模型以增加高阶计算的稳定性.验证计算了圆柱、MS(1)-0317翼型、球面等典型二三维物面的收集系数,并计算了水滴直径呈某种分布时的情形.与公开发表的试验数据对比表明,计算方法准确有效,能很好的应用于三维复杂表面的水滴撞击特性预测.