高超声速球锥粘性激波层压力分裂法数值求解

本文将压力分裂法引入细长钝体高超声速粘性激波层数值求解中,较好地解决了这种流场远后身部分的推进求解问题。针对非解析球锥体绕流数值求解的困难,作者提出了实用型初始激波形状计算方法,达到了简化数值求解步骤,提高数值计算效率的目的,数值求解结果与实验结果相符合。     

小不对称烧蚀外形的典型化处理方法

给出了一种能够用于统计分析飞行器再入大气层时，头部烧蚀而产生不对称形变过程的数学模型，烧蚀外形采用典型化处理方法。通过对美国ＮＲＶ样例的试算表明，头部形变的主要参量与实测数据符合较好。     

单晶高温合金固液界面形状及对凝固组织的影响

ＤＤ８单晶高温合金在高温度梯度宽变速定向凝固装置上进行了单晶定向凝固实验，并在实验基础上系统地分析了凝固条件对固液界面形状及凝固组织缺陷的影响。结果表明，提高冷却速率，限制凝固速率在特定临界速率Ｖ＊以下，可以保持平直的固液界面；当超过这一临界速率Ｖ＊时，固液界面出现下凹，下凹的间液界面将导致形成小角度晶界、显微组织疏松及发散凝固组织，高凝固速率将导致定向凝固过程的个稳定性，制造冷却速率的定向凝固装置是实现快速定向凝固的必要条件。     

基于代理模型的高超声速飞行器外形参数优化

针对高超声速飞行器分析复杂且难度较大,提出了一种代理模型的构建方法,使用代理模型近似替代性能分析与优化过程中含有复杂学科耦合的机理模型。根据巡航任务需求,确定了优化目标为静动态性能最优与模型差异最小。使用灵敏度分析的方法,建立了代理模型。将代理模型进行静动态性能分析,并与机理模型配平结果进行了对比验证,发现两个模型的配平特性趋势是完全一致的,迎角的数值差不足3%,升降舵偏转角的数值差仅在前体下倾角较大时偏大,约为20%。基于构建的代理模型与优化的性能指标,对模型的外形参数进行了配平性能优化与间隙度量优化,并与机理模型的优化结果与优化效率进行对比,发现两者结果相差不足2%,但使用代理模型的优化效率提高了456%,证明了基于代理模型的优化可以在确保精度的基础上提高优化效率。      

CST气动外形参数化方法研究

 类别形状函数变换(CST)方法是通过类别函数和形状函数来表示几何外形的新型气动外形参数化方法。通过考察参数化过程线性系统的条件数以及对翼型的表示误差,研究了Bernstein多项式阶数(BPO)对CST方法单值性和精度的影响,并将CST方法与B样条法、Hicks-Henne法和参数化翼型(PARSEC)法的参数数量和表示精度进行了对比。使用基于CST参数化方法的远场组元(FCE)激波阻力优化方法对超声速机翼进行外形优化,优化后的机翼其激波阻力降低达61%。研究结果表明:CST方法具有参数少,精度高的优点;为保证表示精度,同时避免病态参数化过程,应使用4阶以上、10阶以下的Bernstein多项式定义形状函数。     

轧制变形对TiNiFe形状记忆合金组织结构及力学性能的影响

对不同变形量轧制和不同温度热处理的Ti₅₀Ni₄₇Fe₃合金的组织结构、力学性能进行了研究。X射线衍射结果表明,随着轧制变形量的增加,Ti₅₀Ni₄₇Fe₃合金在轧制方向上出现了择优取向;Ti₅₀Ni₄₇Fe₃合金的晶粒尺寸随着轧制变形量的增加而减小,随着热处理温度的升高而增大;Ti₅₀Ni₄₇Fe₃合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度随着轧制变形量的增加而增大,随热处理温度的升高而降低。     

The Influence of Co Addition on Phase Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of TiNi Alloys

The influences of Co-addition on phase transformation behavior and mechanical properties of TiNi alloys were investigated. Re- sults indicate that, as a substitute for Ni, Co added to TiNi alloys can dramatically decrease the martensite transformation temperature, and R phase transformation and martensite transformation are accordingly separated. When Co-content reach 10 at.%, the martensite transformation temperature is lower than that of liquid nitrogen. During deformation at room temperature, Ti50Ni48Co2 alloy exhibits good ductility with a lower stress plateau caused by stress-induced martensite and martensite reorientation.     

Efficient aerodynamic shape optimization using variable-fidelity surrogate models and multilevel computational grids

A variable-fidelity method can remarkably improve the efficiency of a design optimization based on a high-fidelity and expensive numerical simulation, with assistance of lower-fidelity and cheaper simulation(s). However, most existing works only incorporate “two” levels of fidelity, and thus efficiency improvement is very limited. In order to reduce the number of high-fidelity simulations as many as possible, there is a strong need to extend it to three or more fidelities. This article proposes a novel variable-fidelity optimization approach with application to aerodynamic design. Its key ingredient is the theory and algorithm of a Multi-level Hierarchical Kriging (MHK), which is referred to as a surrogate model that can incorporate simulation data with arbitrary levels of fidelity. The high-fidelity model is defined as a CFD simulation using a fine grid and the lower-fidelity models are defined as the same CFD model but with coarser grids, which are determined through a grid convergence study. First, sampling shapes are selected for each level of fidelity via technique of Design of Experiments (DoE). Then, CFD simulations are conducted and the output data of varying fidelity is used to build initial MHK models for objective (e.g. C_D) and constraint (e.g. C_L, C_m) functions. Next, new samples are selected through infill-sampling criteria and the surrogate models are repetitively updated until a global optimum is found. The proposed method is validated by analytical test cases and applied to aerodynamic shape optimization of a NACA0012 airfoil and an ONERA M6 wing in transonic flows. The results confirm that the proposed method can significantly improve the optimization efficiency and apparently outperforms the existing single-fidelity or two-level-fidelity method.     

高雷诺数下跨声速自然层流短舱优化设计

为解决高雷诺数下大涵道比发动机自然层流短舱高维优化设计问题,提取短舱3个基准面实现轴对称自然层流优化设计.通过获得较大范围层流区域,从而降低短舱表面摩擦阻力.采用类别形状函数(CST)参数化、γ-Reθt转捩模型和遗传算法建立自然层流(NLF)短舱自动优化流程.表明通过优化短舱基准面建立三维NLF短舱设计方法的可行性....     

公务机机翼气动外形优化研究

随着世界经济贸易的发展,轻中型公务机愈发受到客户的青睐。为了进一步提升高速涡扇公务机的总体气动性能,本文采用基于全速势方程（TRANAIR）的流场快速求解方法,集成序列二次规划（SQP）优化算法和类函数/型函数变换（CST）自由变形（FFD）技术,对某轻中型高速涡扇公务机机翼进行多点优化设计研究,并对优化结果进行对比分...